1. Social Psychology: The Power of the Situation
Kurt Lewin and his two classic statements
Behaviour is a function of the person and the situation
There is nothing quite so practical as a good theory
Conformity and Obedience
Bystander Intervention

2. Conformity and Obedience
The Sherif Norm Formation Study
Used the autokinetic effect
Consensus formed
Consensus could be manipulated
Asch Conformity Study
Would people say long was short?
Yes, 70% of the people did

3. Asch Line Judgment Task

4. Reactions of Participants in the Asch Study

5. Effect of One Dissenter in the Asch Paradigm

6. Conformity and Obedience
The Sherif Norm Formation Study
Used the autokinetic effect
Consensus formed
Consensus could be manipulated
Asch Conformity Study
Would people say long was short?
Yes, 70% of the people did
Milgram Obedience Study
Would people commit acts of cruelty?

7. Milgram Obedience Study

8. The Milgram Experiment Results

9. Bystander Intervention
Kitty Genovese, Common Sense, and the Power of the Situation
Darley & Latane’ explanation - the more people you have around the less likely it is that anyone will help
Smoke Filled Room Study

10. Bystander Intervention
Kitty Genovese, Common Sense, and the Power of the Situation
Darley & Latane’ explanation - the more people you have around the less likely it is that anyone will help
Smoke Filled Room Study
55% report smoke within two minutes when alone
only 12% do when in a group of three
Seizure Study

11. Seizure Study Results

12. Darley & Latane’ Model of Helping

13. Social Psychology: The Perceiver Shapes Reality and the Interaction of the Person and the Situation
Fundamental Attribution Error
Stereotyping
Self-Fulfilling Prophecies
The Interaction of the Person and the Situation
The Two Factor Theory of Emotion
Cognitive Dissonance

14. The Fundamental Attribution Error
The Origin of Attribution Theory and the prediction of the fundamental attribution error
The Jones & Harris (1967) Essay Study

15. Jones & Harris (1967) - Essay Study

16. The Fundamental Attribution Error
The Origin of Attribution Theory and the prediction of the fundamental attribution error
The Jones & Harris (1967) Essay Study
The Ross, Amabile, & Steinmetz (1977) Game show study

17. Ross, Amabile, & Steinmetz (1977) - Game Show Study

18. The Fundamental Attribution Error
The Origin of Attribution Theory and the prediction of the fundamental attribution error
The Jones & Harris (1967) Essay Study
The Ross, Amabile, & Steinmetz (1977) Game show study
The role of culture in the fundamental attribution error

19. Culture and the Fundamental Attribution Error

20. Stereotyping
The effect of stereotypes on the evaluation of others - Darley & Gross (1983)

21. Darley & Gross (1983)

22. Stereotyping
The effect of stereotypes on the evaluation of others - Darley & Gross (1983)
The automatic activation of stereotypes affects evaluations - Devine (1989)

23. Donald Paragraph
I ran into my old acquaintance Donald the other day, and I decided to go over and visit him, since by coincidence we took our vacations at the same time. Soon after I arrived, a salesman knocked at the door, but Donald refused to let him enter. He also told me that he was refusing to pay his rent until the landlord repaints his apartment. We talked for a while, had lunch, and then went out for a ride. We used my car, since Donald’s car had broken down that morning, and he told the garage mechanic that he would have to go somewhere else if he couldn’t fix his car that same day. We went to the park for about an hour and then stopped at a hardware store. I was sort of preoccupied, but Donald bought some gadget, and then I heard him demand his money back from the sales clerk. I couldn’t find what I was looking for, so we left and walked a few blocks to another store. The Red Cross had set up a stand by the door and asked us to donate blood. Donald lied by saying he had diabetes and therefore could not give blood. . .

24. Stereotyping
The effect of stereotypes on the evaluation of others - Darley & Gross (1983)
The automatic activation of stereotypes affects evaluations - Devine (1989)
We often use stereotypes to achieve a desired conclusion - Sinclair & Kunda (1999)

25. Sinclair & Kunda (1999)

26. Social Psychology: The Interaction of the Person and the Situation
Self-fulfilling Prophecies
Stereotype Threat
The Two-Factor Theory of Emotion
Cognitive Dissonance Theory

27. Self-Fulfilling Prophecies
What is a self-fulfilling prophecy
The Pygmalion effect in the classroom - Rosenthal & Jacobson (1968)

28. Self-Fulfilling Prophecies
What is a self-fulfilling prophecy
The Pygmalion effect in the classroom - Rosenthal & Jacobson (1968)
Stereotypes as self-fulfilling prophecies - Word, Zanna, & Cooper (1974)
Stereotype Threat - Spencer, Steele, & Quinn (1999)

29. Spencer, Steele, & Quinn (1999)

30. The Two-Factor Theory of Emotion
Early Models of Emotion
Williams James
Cannon & Baird
The Two-Factor Theory
Arousal
Cognitive Label
Anger and your mother study - Schacter & Singer (1962)
Attraction and the Bridge - Dutton & Aron (1974)

31. Where Interview was Conducted
Dutton & Aron (1974)
Where Interview was Conducted
Percent Calling Back

32. Cognitive Dissonance Theory
How much would it take to get you to lie? - Festinger & Carlsmith (1959)

33. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959)

34. Cognitive Dissonance Theory
How much would it take to get you to lie? - Festinger & Carlsmith (1959)
The role of arousal in cognitive dissonance - Zanna & Cooper (1974)

35. Zanna & Cooper (1974)

36. Focus on University of Waterloo Research - How Focussing on Prevention leads to Risky Decisions Scholer, Zou, Fujita, Stroessner, & Higgins (2010)
We normally think that focussing on prevention would make us cautious
Under certain conditions, however, focussing on prevention might make us more risky
specifically when we are experiencing losses and only risky decisions can prevent the loss
Measured whether people focus on prevention or promotion
Had everyone play a stock buying game
Examined how risky they were in buying stocks
People high in prevention got more risky when they were losing money

37. “Purchasing” Risky Stock
Scholer et al. (2010) - Study 2
“Purchasing” Risky Stock