1. 1 Vital Signs Alarm Systems for Cryonicists Ben Best Past President – Cryonics Institute Life Extension Foundation – Director of Research Oversight

2. 2 Cryonics Links to Future Life Timely pronouncement & response at legal death Timely pronouncement & response at legal death Well-equipped and well-trained standby team Well-equipped and well-trained standby team Well-equipped and skillful perfusion team Well-equipped and skillful perfusion team Well-equipped and stable storage organization Well-equipped and stable storage organization A chain is only as strong as its WEAKEST LINK

3. 3 Historically, less than half of cryonicists who have arranged for standby have actually received standby at deanimation, although the situation has improved in recent years

4. 4 Most of those who receive standby are cryonicists dying of cancer Sudden death does not allow for standby team involvement

5. 5 Sudden Cardiac Death (SCD) Males aged 20-64 Males aged 20-64 32% of all deaths due to SCD 32% of all deaths due to SCD 25% showed no prior sign of heart disease 25% showed no prior sign of heart disease AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY; 43:313 (1979) AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY; 43:313 (1979) Males aged 45-75 Males aged 45-75 60% of SCDs had no prior evidence of heart disease 60% of SCDs had no prior evidence of heart disease CIRCULATION; 51:606 (1975) CIRCULATION; 51:606 (1975) After menopause heart disease is the number one cause of death in women, and is comparable to the rate of death in men After menopause heart disease is the number one cause of death in women, and is comparable to the rate of death in men

6. 6 Cryonicists living alone Many elderly cryonicists live alone Many elderly cryonicists live alone Cryonics Institute (CI) Member Hugh Hart (45 th patient) Cryonics Institute (CI) Member Hugh Hart (45 th patient) Died on a Friday and was not discovered until Monday Died on a Friday and was not discovered until Monday Alcor Patient FM2030 Alcor Patient FM2030 Dead for about a week in his apartment Dead for about a week in his apartment CI’s 76 th patient was a paraplegic found dead in his wheelchair on Christmas Day CI’s 76 th patient was a paraplegic found dead in his wheelchair on Christmas Day Elderly CI patient found dead in bed in the morning by his landlady (asked for daily checkup) Elderly CI patient found dead in bed in the morning by his landlady (asked for daily checkup)

7. 7 Cryonicists not living alone A CI activist was discovered by his spouse lying on the floor of a room of their house, dead for hours A CI activist was discovered by his spouse lying on the floor of a room of their house, dead for hours Young CI patient found dead in bed in the morning was preserved by a relative Young CI patient found dead in bed in the morning was preserved by a relative Alcor 2012 conference Martine Rothblatt calculated only 3% chance of unobserved death Alcor 2012 conference Martine Rothblatt calculated only 3% chance of unobserved death My CI experience 10-20% (living alone or not) My CI experience 10-20% (living alone or not) A cryonics-friendly spouse could awaken to discover the cryonicist spouse dead in their bed A cryonics-friendly spouse could awaken to discover the cryonicist spouse dead in their bed

8. 8 Medic Alert Systems (panic-button systems) could help Some elderly cryonicists have lain on the floor who could have been saved by a “panic-button” system Some elderly cryonicists have lain on the floor who could have been saved by a “panic-button” system “Panic-button systems” can alert cryonicists and cryonics organizations as well as 911 “Panic-button systems” can alert cryonicists and cryonics organizations as well as 911 911 can give chest compressions/ventilations while driving to a hospital, even if the heart is stopped 911 can give chest compressions/ventilations while driving to a hospital, even if the heart is stopped Declaration of death can be obtained at a hospital Declaration of death can be obtained at a hospital Cryonicists can rush to hospital and begin cooling Cryonicists can rush to hospital and begin cooling

9. 9 MEDIC ALERT SYSTEM REVIEW Top Ten Reviews rates Medical Guardian the best Top Ten Reviews rates Medical Guardian the best

10. 10 MEDIC ALERT SYSTEM REVIEW Medical Alert Advice rates LifeStation the best Medical Alert Advice rates LifeStation the best

11. 11 MobileHelp 24/7 call center (like all Medical Alert Systems) 24/7 call center (like all Medical Alert Systems) GPS and fall detector GPS and fall detector

12. 12 MOBILE HELP Automatic fall detection pendant and wristband with “panic button” Automatic fall detection pendant and wristband with “panic button” $10 extra per month for fall detection in wristband $10 extra per month for fall detection in wristband Only recommended for frail clients Only recommended for frail clients Pendant and wristband can communicate with base station or mobile device Pendant and wristband can communicate with base station or mobile device Could fall thousands of miles from home and base station GPS would provide location Could fall thousands of miles from home and base station GPS would provide location Recommends monthly testing (DEMONSTRATE) Recommends monthly testing (DEMONSTRATE) KeyGuard LockBox on my doorknob KeyGuard LockBox on my doorknob

13. 13 ELECTRONIC CAREGIVER “Panic button” system with call center “Panic button” system with call center Has an activity sensor (pass by location daily) Has an activity sensor (pass by location daily)

14. 14 ELECTRONIC CAREGIVER No pendants (troublesome or too easily activated) No pendants (troublesome or too easily activated) Inactivity detection system (affix to bedroom wall) Inactivity detection system (affix to bedroom wall) Sends alarm if no activity 5-10 AM or 5-10 PM Sends alarm if no activity 5-10 AM or 5-10 PM If expect to be away, can inactivate the alarm If expect to be away, can inactivate the alarm Forgot to inactivate or plans changed Forgot to inactivate or plans changed I was called on my cell phone I was called on my cell phone Good for an elderly person usually at home Good for an elderly person usually at home Discontinued: don’t want to be on an airplane when I remember I forgot to inactivate Discontinued: don’t want to be on an airplane when I remember I forgot to inactivate Monthly testing requires notification before test Monthly testing requires notification before test

15. 15 Valuable to monitor “vital signs”? Does not require victim alertness Medical Alert System won’t give rapid response if die in sleep or experience SCD Medical Alert System won’t give rapid response if die in sleep or experience SCD Movement (bed alarm, inactivity alarm) Movement (bed alarm, inactivity alarm) X minutes with no movement X minutes with no movement Out of bed in the night to go to the bathroom Out of bed in the night to go to the bathroom Pet or companion in bed Pet or companion in bed Nick Pavlica’s bed alarm, too many false alarms Nick Pavlica’s bed alarm, too many false alarms Respiration Respiration Heartbeat, pulse Heartbeat, pulse

16. 16 POLAR H7 HEART RATE SENSOR Heart-rate from chest strap bluetooth connection Heart-rate from chest strap bluetooth connection Communicate with Sweetbeat app Communicate with Sweetbeat app

17. 17 Sweetbeat iPAD app Resting HR and HRV Resting HR and HRV iPAD app with Bluetooth connection to chest strap iPAD app with Bluetooth connection to chest strap

18. 18 Heart Rate Variability (HRV) Average Heart Rate (HR) 60-100 Average Heart Rate (HR) 60-100 Athlete HR usually below 60 Athlete HR usually below 60 Heart Rate Variability measures variation in distances between ECG peaks Heart Rate Variability measures variation in distances between ECG peaks HRV measures control of heart by autonomic nervous system HRV measures control of heart by autonomic nervous system High HRV indicates adaptive, flexible control of the body by the brain High HRV indicates adaptive, flexible control of the body by the brain High HRV = low stress, low HRV = high stress High HRV = low stress, low HRV = high stress Low HRV is predicts cardiovascular disease Low HRV is predicts cardiovascular disease CIRCULATION 94(11):2850 (2012)

19. 19 Heart Rate Recovery (HRR) HRR measure the drop in heart rate in Beats Per Minute (bpm) during the first minute after completion of endurance exercise HRR measure the drop in heart rate in Beats Per Minute (bpm) during the first minute after completion of endurance exercise HRR of less than12 bpm is highly associated with risk of cardiovascular death HRR of less than12 bpm is highly associated with risk of cardiovascular death HRR of 12 bpm has about twice the risk of CV death as HRR of 25 bpm NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE 341:1351 (1999) HRR of 12 bpm has about twice the risk of CV death as HRR of 25 bpm NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE 341:1351 (1999)

20. 20 Heart Rate Recovery (HRR)

21. 21 Heart Rate Recovery (HRR)

22. 22 WAHOO FITNESS Heart rate monitor from chest strap Heart rate monitor from chest strap

23. 23 RUNTASTIC Heart-rate and GPS Heart-rate and GPS Chest strap Chest strap

24. 24 MyPulse MyPulse Heart rate monitor from chest strap Heart rate monitor from chest strap Low heart-rate alarm dials several phone numbers Low heart-rate alarm dials several phone numbers

25. 25 MyPulse Wireless Heart Monitor Spent many years testing for use with Robert Ettinger Many connectivity and false alarm problems Helped with product development (may be better now) Robert Ettinger refused to wear a chest strap

26. 26 SPREE SPORTS HEAD-BAND Senses heart-rate from head-band Senses heart-rate from head-band “Freedom From Chest Straps” (no alarm) “Freedom From Chest Straps” (no alarm)

27. 27 Withings Blood Pressure Monitor

28. 28 Blood Pressure (Withings) Blood Pressure (Withings) iPAD app connects to Blood Pressure Monitor iPAD app connects to Blood Pressure Monitor Pressing “Start” inflates the monitor cuff Pressing “Start” inflates the monitor cuff

29. 29 Blood Pressure (Withings) Blood Pressure (Withings) Green line shows progress of measurement Green line shows progress of measurement

30. 30 Blood Pressure (Withings) Blood Pressure (Withings) Systolic Blood Pressure = 126 mmHg Systolic Blood Pressure = 126 mmHg Diastolic Blood Pressure = 74 mmHg Diastolic Blood Pressure = 74 mmHg

31. 31 Hexoskin iPAD app Measure heart rate, respiration rate, steps, etc Measure heart rate, respiration rate, steps, etc 8-hour battery life 8-hour battery life

32. 32 Hexoskin

33. 33 TINKE Place thumb in computer-connected detector Place thumb in computer-connected detector Get heart-rate, respiration-rate, and blood oxygen Get heart-rate, respiration-rate, and blood oxygen Monitoring of heart-rate is not continuous Monitoring of heart-rate is not continuous

34. 34 TINKE

35. 35 PC-60C FINGERTIP PULSE OXIMETER Gives heart-rate and blood oxygen Gives heart-rate and blood oxygen Blood oxygen = SpO 2 Blood oxygen = SpO 2

36. 36 NONIN FINGERTIP PULSE OXIMETER Gives heart-rate and blood oxygen Gives heart-rate and blood oxygen Not continuous monitoring Not continuous monitoring

37. 37 HEARTMATH Measures heart-rate and HRV from earlobe Measures heart-rate and HRV from earlobe

38. 38 PERFORMEK IRIVERON Senses heart-rate from earphones Senses heart-rate from earphones

39. 39 Cardiograph Android App Cardiograph Android App Cover camera lens with finger tip Cover camera lens with finger tip Gives pulse rate and ECG display Gives pulse rate and ECG display

40. 40 “Real Blood Pressure” Android App Android cell phone application Android cell phone application Finger tips on front and on camera lens Finger tips on front and on camera lens Gives both pulse rate and blood pressure Gives both pulse rate and blood pressure

41. 41 Desired features Detection of loss of vital signs (heartbeat) Detection of loss of vital signs (heartbeat) CONTINUOUS and preferably rapid CONTINUOUS and preferably rapid Comfortable and convenient to use (bathing) Comfortable and convenient to use (bathing) Sends messages by phone numbers, e-mail, etc. Sends messages by phone numbers, e-mail, etc. Preferably to a call center Preferably to a call center GPS is identified and transmitted with message GPS is identified and transmitted with message Low power consumption, convenient to recharge Low power consumption, convenient to recharge Wirelessly operational anywhere Wirelessly operational anywhere False alarms minimal and easily-handled False alarms minimal and easily-handled

42. 42 Athena GTX Monitors ECG, SpO 2, blood pressure, etc. Portable Requires prescription Not comfortable or convenient

43. 43 NUVANT MCT

44. 44 NUVANT MCT Continuous wireless heart monitor Requires prescription For patients vulnerable to cardiac arrhythmia Physician access Monitoring center

45. 45 “Coming Soon” I have been hearing for over 15 years that I have been hearing for over 15 years that The technology is trivial The technology is trivial There will be soon be a consumer product available There will be soon be a consumer product available Cryonicists don’t need to create the product themselves Cryonicists don’t need to create the product themselves 2012/2013 has made a big difference 2012/2013 has made a big difference Many convenient and helpful heart monitors have come on the market in 2013 Many convenient and helpful heart monitors have come on the market in 2013 Canadian cryonicist Dennis started CryonicsVitalSignsAlert Yahoo group and has created a vital signs app for Android smartphones Canadian cryonicist Dennis started CryonicsVitalSignsAlert Yahoo group and has created a vital signs app for Android smartphones

46. 46 Wristband Heart-Rate Monitors available in January 2014 Exmovere EMPATH Sensor Phone Exmovere EMPATH Sensor Phone Basis Health Tracker Basis Health Tracker Mio Alpha Heart Rate Monitor Mio Alpha Heart Rate Monitor DREAM SPORT DG-BT TOP DREAM SPORT DG-BT TOP

47. 47 Exmovere EMPATH Sensor Phone

48. 48 Exmovere EMPATH Sensor Phone Watch, phone, contacts, FM radio, calculator Watch, phone, contacts, FM radio, calculator Heart-rate, skin temperature & moisture, pedometer, GPS Heart-rate, skin temperature & moisture, pedometer, GPS 8-hour battery life 8-hour battery life Heart rate monitoring only when selected Heart rate monitoring only when selected Heart rate monitoring interrupted by phone calls Heart rate monitoring interrupted by phone calls

49. 49 Basis Health Tracker

50. 50 Basis Health Tracker Periodic rather than continuous monitoring of heart-rate, skin temperature, steps, etc. Periodic rather than continuous monitoring of heart-rate, skin temperature, steps, etc. Samples taken every 5 minutes in the background Samples taken every 5 minutes in the background Not continuous, but frequent and automatic Not continuous, but frequent and automatic Values displayed on command, but quickly reverts to watch mode Values displayed on command, but quickly reverts to watch mode Communicates with bluetooth to smartphone and then to “cloud” (for internet access by PC/iPad) Communicates with bluetooth to smartphone and then to “cloud” (for internet access by PC/iPad) 80-hour battery life, can recharge while wearing 80-hour battery life, can recharge while wearing Proprietary software ? Android ? Proprietary software ? Android ?

51. 51 Basis Heart Rate ― One Day Online graphical display of a full day Online graphical display of a full day Heart rate elevated while exercising Heart rate elevated while exercising

52. 52 Basis Sleep ― One Day Graphical display of light, deep, and REM sleep Graphical display of light, deep, and REM sleep

53. 53 Basis Activity ― One Day Display of HR, steps, skin temp, perspiration, etc Display of HR, steps, skin temp, perspiration, etc

54. 54 BASIS PEAK BASIS company bought by Intel in March 2014 BASIS company bought by Intel in March 2014 New product called BASIS PEAK New product called BASIS PEAK Release date November 20, 2014 Release date November 20, 2014 Advertising emphasizes sleep tracking Advertising emphasizes sleep tracking

55. 55 DREAM SPORT DG-BT TOP Heart-rate monitor with GPS Heart-rate monitor with GPS New from China January 2014 -- How to order? New from China January 2014 -- How to order?

56. 56 ALPHA heart rate monitor New in 2012 – gives CONTINUOUS heart-rate New in 2012 – gives CONTINUOUS heart-rate First heart-rate monitor worn as a watch First heart-rate monitor worn as a watch Created for athletes Created for athletes www.alphaheartrate.com www.alphaheartrate.com

57. 57 Mio Alpha Heart Rate Monitor Watch (time) mode or heart rate mode ONLY Watch (time) mode or heart rate mode ONLY Continuous monitoring of heart rate in HR mode Continuous monitoring of heart rate in HR mode Requires third party app (MapMyFitness) Requires third party app (MapMyFitness) GPS from Android Smart phone GPS from Android Smart phone Bluetooth 4 communication (low power bluetooth) Bluetooth 4 communication (low power bluetooth) 30-35 hour battery life 30-35 hour battery life One hour to charge One hour to charge When battery low, reverts to watch function When battery low, reverts to watch function

58. 58 MIO ALPHA CHARGING Four brass contacts Four brass contacts Charge from USB port or electrical socket Charge from USB port or electrical socket

59. 59 BASIS HEALTH TRACKER CHARGING Four brass contacts Four brass contacts Charge from USB port or electrical socket Charge from USB port or electrical socket Can wear while charging Can wear while charging

60. 60 Toronto Canada Dennis created app for Mio Alpha Dennis created Yahoo Group Dennis created Yahoo Group CryonicsVitalSignsAlerts CryonicsVitalSignsAlerts Smart phone for Android operating system (O/S) Smart phone for Android operating system (O/S) Android is an open source O/S (can program) Android is an open source O/S (can program) iOS on iPod and iPad is not open source iOS on iPod and iPad is not open source Dennis has made his code open source for others Dennis has made his code open source for others When HR stops or slows, cyclically dials phone numbers in sequence, and leaves SMS messages When HR stops or slows, cyclically dials phone numbers in sequence, and leaves SMS messages

61. 61 Dennis’s Android App Start/Stop Menu includes Settings option Start/Stop Menu includes Settings option

62. 62 Dennis’s Android App Can dial 3 numbers in cycles and send SMS Can dial 3 numbers in cycles and send SMS

63. 63 Dennis’s Android App Can set upper and lower HR to trigger alarm Can set upper and lower HR to trigger alarm Can set number of warning beeps before dialing Can set number of warning beeps before dialing

64. 64 Dennis’s Android App Message displayed after hitting “Start” Message displayed after hitting “Start”

65. 65 Dennis’s Android App SMS message gives location from GPS SMS message gives location from GPS Phone number omitted for privacy reasons Phone number omitted for privacy reasons

66. 66 Dennis’s Android App Message displayed after hitting “Stop” Message displayed after hitting “Stop”

67. 67 Best coverage, January 2014 MobileHelp Medical Alert System MobileHelp Medical Alert System 24/7 call center availability 24/7 call center availability Fall detection and emergency response Fall detection and emergency response GPS GPS Electronic Caregiver Inactivity Alarm Electronic Caregiver Inactivity Alarm For elderly frail cryonicists living alone For elderly frail cryonicists living alone Mio Alpha Heart Rate Monitor Mio Alpha Heart Rate Monitor Dennis Mathew’s app for Mio Alpha Dennis Mathew’s app for Mio Alpha

68. 68 Lost Bluetooth from February 2014 My Droid Maxx android cell phone lost reliable Bluetooth connection to MIO ALPHA (GLOBAL) My Droid Maxx android cell phone lost reliable Bluetooth connection to MIO ALPHA (GLOBAL) Worked intermittently until April 2014 Worked intermittently until April 2014 “Search for devices” lists available and paired devices, MIO GLOBAL usually not shown “Search for devices” lists available and paired devices, MIO GLOBAL usually not shown When MIO GLOBAL displayed as available and pairing is attempted, get message “Couldn’t pair with MIO GLOBAL because of an incorrect PIN or passkey” When MIO GLOBAL displayed as available and pairing is attempted, get message “Couldn’t pair with MIO GLOBAL because of an incorrect PIN or passkey” No prompt for PIN or passkey No prompt for PIN or passkey

69. 69 Moto 360 (September 2014) Android Wrist-watch app prompts for passkey Android Wrist-watch app prompts for passkey Communicates with cell phone by Bluetooth Communicates with cell phone by Bluetooth Gives e-mail, steps, weather, cell phone, calls Gives e-mail, steps, weather, cell phone, calls Heart-rate on command (not continuous) Heart-rate on command (not continuous) Requires once-daily charge Requires once-daily charge

70. 70 Lost Bluetooth from February 2014 Moto 360 easily pairs with passkey Moto 360 easily pairs with passkey MIO ALPHA support says pairing can only be done through third party apps like MapMyFitness MIO ALPHA support says pairing can only be done through third party apps like MapMyFitness MapMyFitness pairs without PIN or passkey MapMyFitness pairs without PIN or passkey Sweetbeat has paired without PIN or passkey Sweetbeat has paired without PIN or passkey At the November 2014 Laughlin conference, working with Dennis I was able to gain a Bluetooth connection for both my Droid Maxx and Nexus 5 to MIO ALPHA, but only through Dennis’s app, never directly through Bluetooth. At the November 2014 Laughlin conference, working with Dennis I was able to gain a Bluetooth connection for both my Droid Maxx and Nexus 5 to MIO ALPHA, but only through Dennis’s app, never directly through Bluetooth.

71. 71 Lost Bluetooth from December 2014 Moto 360 watch easily gains an Android Bluetooth pairing with my Droid Maxx cell phone with passkey Moto 360 watch easily gains an Android Bluetooth pairing with my Droid Maxx cell phone with passkey MIO ALPHA watch was able to gain Bluetooth pairing with my Droid Maxx, Nexus 5, and iPAD without a passkey MIO ALPHA watch was able to gain Bluetooth pairing with my Droid Maxx, Nexus 5, and iPAD without a passkey The Bluetooth connection was unreliable. More than once, the connection was lost with both cell phone devices simultaneously, and ultimately with all 3 devices. The problem is with MIO ALPHA Bluetooth. The Bluetooth connection was unreliable. More than once, the connection was lost with both cell phone devices simultaneously, and ultimately with all 3 devices. The problem is with MIO ALPHA Bluetooth.

72. 72 MapMyFitness MioAlpha Monitor MIO ALPHA says Bluetooth connection only possible through an app like MapMyFitness MIO ALPHA says Bluetooth connection only possible through an app like MapMyFitness Pairs without prompting for passkey Pairs without prompting for passkey

73. 73 Sweetbeat iPAD app Resting HR and HRV Resting HR and HRV iPAD app with Bluetooth connection to MIO ALPHA iPAD app with Bluetooth connection to MIO ALPHA No password requested No password requested

74. 74 SMART WATCHES FLOODING MARKET Too many features Too many features Apple watch, Pebble, Samsung Gear 2, etc Apple watch, Pebble, Samsung Gear 2, etc Most give pulse rate, none continuous Most give pulse rate, none continuous Pair with cell phone, usually proprietary software Pair with cell phone, usually proprietary software

75. 75 “Coming Soon” I have been hearing for over 15 years that I have been hearing for over 15 years that The technology is trivial The technology is trivial There will be soon be a consumer product available There will be soon be a consumer product available Cryonicists don’t need to create the product themselves Cryonicists don’t need to create the product themselves 2013/2014 has made a big difference 2013/2014 has made a big difference Not just empty promises as before Not just empty promises as before ALMOST a cryonics-usable vital signs alert system ALMOST a cryonics-usable vital signs alert system Bluetooth problems – soon be solved ? Bluetooth problems – soon be solved ? Panic button, fall detection, and activity monitoring systems can help many elderly cryonicists NOW Panic button, fall detection, and activity monitoring systems can help many elderly cryonicists NOW