1. Introduction to Film Studies Mise-en-scène

2. Settings – Studio and Location Many movies use actual locations and studio sets. Location shooting give film greater realist edge and studio shooting allow filmmakers to manipulate settings. Edwin S. Porter’s The Great Train Robbery (1903)The Great Train Robbery

3. Settings – Location Apart from for realism and naturalism, location filming can be used to create poetic or dramatic settings. A setting is found in an already existing locale. Settings defines actions and characters. Victor Sjöström shot The Outlaw and His Wife in splendid Swedish landscape in 1918. clip 1.03 clip 1.03

4. Setting - Location Roberto Rossellini filmed his Germany, Year Zero in the wreckage of Berlin in 1948, before it was cleared away and the city restored.

5. Settings – Location David Lean (1908-1991) – his international, epic films have spectacular landscape for their dramatic settings. Human figures and their actions are placed in immense natural settings.

6. Settings – Location David Lean did not go to the Thai and Burma boarder to shoot Bridge on River Kwai, but instead it was shot on location in Sri Lanka. The bridge was specially constructed and blown up for this final scene of the film. Spectacle value rather than historical accuracy.Bridge on River Kwai

7. Settings – Location David Lean’s next film, Lawrence of Arabia (1962) was shot mainly on location in Morocco and Jordan. Real spectacular landscape was needed for this film.

8. Settings – Location Russia’s vast landscape was shot mainly in Finland and Canada, as it was impossible to film in Soviet Union during the Cold War. David Lean’s Doctor Zhivago (1965)

9. Settings – Location David Lean’s Ryan’s Daughter (1970) is set and was shot on location in Ireland. The settings are rugged, but equally spectacular.Ryan’s Daughter

10. Settings – Location David Lean’s last film, A Passage to India (1984) based on E. M. Forster’s novel set in India. The filming location is found near Bangalore. 1.12.A Passage to India

11. Settings - Location Realist filmmakers like Ken Loach use location filming for fidelity to truth. The opening scenes of Bread and Roses (2000) were shot entirely on location at the US – Mexico boarder in California. Scenes could be shot anywhere in south California but Loach insisted.

12. Settings - Studio The entire town or city can be constructed in ‘open set’ in a large plot of land in film studios. The ancient city of Babylon is recreated in the monumental open sets. D.W. Griffith’s Intolerance (1916) Grandeur and lavishness.

13. Settings - Studio An entire American town was reconstructed in an open set for F.W. Murnau’s Sunrise (1927). The sets were enormous but the director needed to express realistically the moral atmosphere of a large, modern city. Attempt 31.00 Attempt

14. Settings - Studio Faithful reconstruction of details – surrogate for reality Monte Carlo was reconstructed in Universal Studios with meticulous attentions to every detail in Erich Stroheim’s Foolish Wives (1922) 4.52Foolish Wives

15. Open Set In older and modern expensive productions, open sets are constructed in outdoor studio space. In 2002 film, Gangs of New York, Martin Scorsese, an Italian American director, made New York harbour reconstructed as open sets, in Cinecitta, Rome. The Five Points CinecittaThe Five Points Cinecitta

17. The film’s period setting is 17th century. Nothing exists in New York of the period. There are no houses and buildings from that century which Scorsese could shoot in. Crusty bitches & Rug Crusty bitches & Rug

18. Settings - CG Bombed out Warsaw Ghetto was recreated by means of CG in Roman Polanski’s The Pianist (2002)

19. Interiors - Location Existing locations can be used for film’s interior scenes. They frequently give films realist edge. British ‘kitchen sink’ realism used nothing but real kitchens, living rooms and bed rooms that somebody actually used. Karel Reisz, Saturday Night and Sunday Morning (1960) opening Bedroom opening Bedroom

20. Interiors - Location The main disadvantage – when there is not enough space for cameras, lightings, and other equipment, manoeuvrability of the camera is sacrificed. Filming in a cramped space was made possible with the invention of light, small, handheld camera. Hirokazu Koreeda’s Nobody Knows

21. Interiors - Studios Interior set could be crowded with furniture, decorations, paintings, sculptures, objet d’arts, and other things. Josef von Sternberg’, Underground. Any forms of interiors can be created.

22. Interiors - Studio When you can no longer find the interiors for filming like in the case of location, there is no choice but to construct afresh. Takashi Yamazaki’s Always: Sunset on Third Street whose setting is 1960s.

23. Interiors - Studio Many films alter the existing interiors for various reasons, historical authenticity, aesthetic consideration, or stylistic consistency. In Luchino Visconti’s The Leopard the famous ball scene was shot in Palazzo Valguamera Gangi, Palermo