1. Chapter 1 Animal Study Guide Test is on Tuesday, Sept 17 th

2. 1. What is a vertebrate?  Animal with a skull and backbone

3. 2. What is an invertebrate?  Animal with NO skull or backbone

4. What is the difference between a vertebrate and an invertebrate?  The difference between a vertebrate and an invertebrate is that a vertebrate has a skull and backbone and an invertebrate does not.

5. 3. Give three examples of vertebrates:  Monkey  Elephant  Fish  Snakes  Human  Reptiles  Birds  All Mammals would be correct examples

6. 4. Give three examples of invertebrates:  Jellyfish  Sponge  Starfish  Octopus  Clam  Worms  Arthropods (Insects, spiders, ticks, lobster, butterfly)

7. 5. Multicellular:  Having many cells to make up an organism  Cells are eukaryotic (no cell wall)

8. 5. Usually reproduce by sexual reproduction:  An egg cell is fertilized by a sperm cell to make a new organism

9. 5. Develop from embryos:  Stems from fertilized cell  An embryo is an organism in it’s earliest stage of development

10. 5. Have many specialized parts:  Each animal has unique parts to it that serve as different functions  Tissues-collection of similar cells- Ex: muscle tissue, nerve tissue  Organs-Two or more tissues make an organ. Ex: heart, lungs, brain

11. 5. Move:  Animals go from one place to another for a specific purpose

12. 5. Are consumers:  Animals get their energy from other sources  They cannot make their own food

13. 6. What is the difference between innate and learned behavior?  Innate: behavior that you can do but no one had to teach you  Learned: behavior that you had to be taught or learned by observation

14. 7. Give two examples of innate behavior and two examples of learned behavior.  Innate: a baby crying after birth, a dog walking, ability for speech, whale swimming, breathing, blinking, eating  Learned: a person speaking English, a monkey cleaning its food, how to be polite, a human swimming

15. 8. How do animals survive during their period of hibernating and estivating?  Lower body temperature  Lower heart rate  Lower breathing rate  Lives off of stored body fat

16. 9. What is the difference between hibernation and estivation?  Hibernation: during the winter  Estivation: during the summer  How do you restate the question to make a complete sentence?  The difference between hibernation and estivation is that hibernation is in the winter and estivation is in the summer.

17. 10. What are reasons why animals hibernate and estivate?  Food shortages  Water shortages  Extreme temperatures (either too hot or too cold)

18. 11. What is a biological clock?  An internal cycle over a longer period of time that tells animals when to migrate, hibernate, or estivate

19. 12. What do animals do when their seasonal biological clock tells them the seasons are changing?  Migrate  Hibernate  Estivate

20. 13. What are signs in the environment that tell an animal their biological clock needs to kick in?  Daylight-days getting shorter or longer  Leaves changing  Temperature changes

21. 14. What is a circadian rhythm?  Daily schedule

22. 15. Give three different examples that show what a MONKEY’s circadian rhythm is telling it.  Wake up 7:00am  Hungry- eats breakfast 7:30am  Daytime nap 8:00-3:00  Wake up from nap 3:00  Hungry-eats snack 3:15

23. 16. Explain how animals navigate. LandmarksSun & StarsMagnetic Field Animals use landmarks such as streams, rivers, mountains, coast lines, specific trees, etc. to find their way from one place to another. Using the sun, moon and stars animals can see which direction they are traveling. Some animals, such as migratory birds, have a magnet above their nostril in order to tell them which direction they are heading using the Earth’s magnetic pull. Smell They will mark their territory in order to find their way back to certain places

24. 17. These are the four types of communication. Give an example of each type. SmellSoundVisionTouch Ants use pheromones to find their way home Communicate to find food or warn others Speak Knocking on door Crickets chirp Humans use body language to show expression; courtship displays Hugs to show you care Tap gets your attention Bees waggle dance

25. 18. List the advantages and disadvantages of living in groups. AdvantagesDisadvantages Defend territory Help find food Easier for mating Safety in numbers Spread diseases Fighting Attract predators Need more food

26. Good Luck and Study Hard