1. Ozone Depletion Measurements In Souther Patagonia
Elian Wolfram
Centro de Investigaciones en Láseres y Aplicaciones
(LASER RESEARCH CENTER AND APPLICATIONS )
(CITEDEF-CONICET)
Buenos Aires - Argentina

2. Staff of Lidar Division of CEILAP
Dr. Eduardo J. Quel /CITEDEF
Dr. Elian Wolfram /CITEDEF-CONICET
Dra. Lidia Otero /CITEDEF -CONICET
Dr. Pablo Ristori /CITEDEF
Ing. Marcelo Raponi/CITEDEF -PhD Sdt
Ing. Jacobo Salvador/CITEDEF - PhD Std
Ing. Juan Pallota/CITEDEF /PhD Std
Ing. Ezequiel Pawelko /CITEDEF /PhD Std
Geof. Gabriela Nicora/CITEDEF Fellow
Lic. Facundo Orte/ANCYPT Fellow
Tec. Daniela Bulnes/CITEDEF
Est. Carla Repetto/UTN Fellow
Tec. E. Martorella/CITEDEF
Tec. Raúl D´Elía /CONICET
Ing. J. C. Dworniczak/CITEDEF
Ing. Francisco González/CITEDEF
Tec. Osvaldo Vilar/CITEDEF

3. Staff of Lidar Division of CEILAP
Peoples involved in Ozone Studies from Argentine Side
French Partners
Dr. Sophie Godin-Beekman LATMOS/IPSL/CNRS
Dr. Florance Goutail LATMOS/UVSQ/CNRS
Dr. Andrea Pazmiño LATMOS/UVSQ/CNRS
Ing. Jacques Porteneuve (retired)
Dr. Eduardo J. Quel /CITEDEF
Dr. Elian Wolfram /CITEDEF-CONICET
Dra. Lidia Otero /CITEDEF -CONICET
Dr. Pablo Ristori /CITEDEF
Ing. Marcelo Raponi/CITEDEF -PhD Sdt
Ing. Jacobo Salvador/CITEDEF - PhD Std
Ing. Juan Pallota/CITEDEF /PhD Std
Ing. Ezequiel Pawelko /CITEDEF /PhD Std
Geof. Gabriela Nicora/CITEDEF Fellow
Lic. Facundo Orte/ANCYPT Fellow
Tec. Daniela Bulnes/CITEDEF
Est. Carla Repetto/UTN Fellow
Tec. E. Martorella/CITEDEF
Tec. Raúl D´Elía /CONICET
Ing. J. C. Dworniczak/CITEDEF
Ing. Francisco González/CITEDEF
Tec. Osvaldo Vilar/CITEDEF

4. Two
Remote
Sensing
Sites
Río Gallegos
51.6º S ; 69.1º W
Villa Martelli
34.5º S ; 58.5º W

5. Río Gallegos Site (CEILAP-RG)
Province of Santa Cruz, Argentine Patagonia. Lat: 51º 36’ S, Lon: 69º 19’ W. Military Air Force Base, Río Gallegos - Fuerza Aérea Argentina (FFAA)

6. Instrumental Capabilities
SAOZ
Meteorological Data
CEILAP-RG Site
Radiometers
UV - Visible
Brewer
Multi-Wavelength Aerosol Lidar
Ozone DIAL
AERONET Sunphotometer

7. Atmosphere Principle of LIDAR measurement Ligth Detection And Ranging
Lidar Signal
Altitude
Back Scattering signal
Backscatter radiation
Altitude= ct/2
Aerosol
Mie Scattering
Rayleigh Scattering
Emission
(laser)
Our measurements:
Clean Night Condition
2-3 hs integration time
Reception
(Telescope)

8. DIAL SYSTEM Transmitter Lambda Physik LSX 210i Excimer laser (XeCl)
Emitted wavelength 308 nm
Emitted energy ~200 mJ/pulse (max. 300 mJ/pulse)
Repetition rate 30 Hz (max. 100 Hz)
Divergence mrad
Quantel 980 Nd-YAG Laser
Emitted wavelength 1.06 m, 532 nm, 355 nm
Emitted energy ~40 mJ/pulse (max. 130
Repetition rate 30 Hz (max. 30 Hz)
Divergence 0.6 mrad

9. DIAL SYSTEM
Receiver
Mechanical Chopper
Fiber Optics
Entrance Slit

10. DIAL SYSTEM Spectrometer 308 nm 387nm 355 nm 347 nm 332 nm
Holographic Grating gr/mm
Dispersion nm/mm
Spectral bandwidth 1 nm
300 nm %

11. Detection and Acquisition
DIAL SYSTEM
Detection and Acquisition
6 PMTs Hamamatsu
Gated photomultipliers for 308, 355 nm
Low dark current,
adapted for photo counting
Acquisition
6 Independent channels processing,
stock of signals
Discriminators 1/channel
High speed counters 300 MHz
1024 time gates of 1 s (150 m)
Max. count rate counts/ s
Chopper yes/not (trigger -> quartz crystal)
On-line visualization: signals, slopes, profile & total O3

12. Little History of RG Site Events
Campaign in Río Gallegos
First Ozone Sonde
DIAL Ozone Instrument
Ready to measure
Admission of DIAL Ozone
Inst. To NDACC Network
Transportation
Of Instrument to
Rio Gallegos Site
UVO3Patagonia
Start with
Project
2nd Ozone Sonde
Campaign
Events
SOLAR Campaign
2004
Jun 2005
Aug 2005-Dec 2006
Sep 2007
Dec 2008
Mar 2010
Mar 2011
Time

13. Statistics of Stratospheric Ozone Measurements
Ozone DIAL
Number of Samples
Number of Samples 13

14. Admitted on Dec 2008

15. Lidar-ECC Sonde Comparison
Comparison of averaged ozone profiles obtained from 5 quasi coincident ECC sondes (dotted line) and averaged lidar ozone profile (white line). The shadow area correspond to +/- 1s of lidar measurements and horizontal line correspond to +/- 1s of sondes.
New differential absorption lidar for stratospheric ozone monitoring in Patagonia, South Argentina
E A Wolfram et al 2008 J. Opt. A: Pure Appl. Opt (7pp)   doi: / /10/10/104021 

16. Intercomparison Campaign
Río Gallegos March 2010
Argentina – Chile collaboration
3 sondes launched in
Río Gallegos site, collocated with
DIAL during first week of March

17. Intercomparison OZITOS Campaign
Río Gallegos March 2011
Argentina – Chile collaboration
3 sondes launched during the night in
Río Gallegos site, collocated with
DIAL during 2nd week of March 2011
OZone profIle aT RíO GallegoS

18. Validación de Satélites GOMOS -Rio Gallegos
GOMOS limb flag IS applied here
Collocation criteria:
Measurements within 800 km and < 24 h
Global validation of ENVISAT ozone profiles using lidar measurements
J.A.E. Van Gijsel., D.P.J. Swart., J.-L. Baray, H. Claude, T. Fehr, P. Von Der Gathen., S. Godin- Beekmann., G.H. Hansen ., T. Leblanc, I.S. Mcdermid, Y.M. Meijer, H. Nakane, E.J. Quel, W. Steinbrecht, K.B. Strawbridge, B. Tatarov.And E.A. Wolfram. Special Issue on the Montreal Protocol in the International Journal of Remote Sensing 30, (15-16): , 2009. 18

19. OMI NASA 19

20. Time Evolution of Total Ozone in Río Gallegos (2009)
Study case 1
(October 3 and 4)
Prolonged O3 Reduction
Extreme Event (November 2009)

21. Study Case 1 of Ozone Hole overpass in RG Site during 2009
OMI/AURA
Oct 2
2009
Oct 4
2009
Oct 6
2009

22. Time Evolution of Total Ozone in Río Gallegos (2009)
Prolonged O3 Reduction
Extreme Event (November 2009)

23. Study Case 2 Extreme Persist Ozone Hole over Río Gallegos 2009
2009 daily evolution of total ozone column for Río Gallegos measured with Brewer 124 spectrophotometer (blue open circles) and SAOZ spectrometer (black open diamonts), and OMI satellite measurement (red line).

24. UV Increase Produced by Ozone Reduction
Total Ozone (DU)

25. Intensive Measurement Period 2006
August September October November December
Total Ozone (DU)
Altitude (km)
Ozone Number Density [molec/cm3]

26. Intensive Measurement Period 2006
Anomaly
August September October November December
34 Lidar Measurements
~4 hs average time each one
140 hrs. acquisition
~15 million laser shots

27. Passive Remote Sensing Instruments
Río Gallegos Site
Radiometer
GUV 541
UV-B Radiometer
UV-A Radiometer
Pyranometer

28. UV Index at Río Gallegos
Data Level 1.5
Period: August 1, 2005 – October

29. New Capability of Temperature Lidar Profile in RG Site Comparison Lidar with HIRDLS/AURA-NASA
ΔS < 500 Km
ΔT ± 12 Hs
Temperature Profiles With Correction by Aerosols using Lidar Rayleigh
Mean ± 1σ dev HIRDLS
Temperature Profiles Without Correction by Aerosols using Lidar Rayleigh
N = 94 Measurements
Error bars are plus and minus 1σ dev
1 Km Resolution HIRDLS

30. Observatorio Atmosférico de la Patagonia Austral (Atmospheric Observatory of Southern Patagonia)
Visit of Cristina Fernandez
March 2011, Inauguration MM-Wave Radiometer
Nagoya University

31. Recent Publication –Congress Communications
Journals – Proccedings
-Global validation of ENVISAT ozone profiles using lidar measurements
J.A.E. Van Gijsel., D.P.J. Swart., J.-L. Baray, H. Claude, T. Fehr, P. Von Der Gathen., S. Godin-Beekmann., G.H. Hansen ., T. Leblanc, I.S. Mcdermid, Y.M. Meijer, H. Nakane, E.J. Quel, W. Steinbrecht, K.B. Strawbridge, B. Tatarov.And E.A. Wolfram. Special Issue on the Montreal Protocol in the International Journal of Remote Sensing 30, (15-16): , 2009.
-GOMOS ozone profile validation using ground-based and balloon sonde measurements
J. A. E. van Gijsel, D. P. J. Swart, J.-L. Baray, H. Bencherif, H. Claude, T. Fehr, S. Godin-Beekmann, G. H. Hansen, P. Keckhut, T. Leblanc, I. S. McDermid, Y. J. Meijer, H. Nakane, E. J. Quel, K. Stebel, W. Steinbrecht, K. B. Strawbridge, B. I. Tatarov, and E. A. Wolfram
Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., 10, 8515–8551, Published by Copernicus Publications on behalf of the European Geosciences Union. Received: 31 January 2010 – Accepted: 21 March 2010 – Published: 1 April 2010
-Extreme sunbathing: Three weeks of small total O3 columns and high UV radiation over the southern tip of South America during the 2009 Antarctic O3 hole season
de Laat, A. T. J., R. J. van der A, M. A. F. Allaart, M. van Weele, G. C. Benitez, C. Casiccia, N. M. Paes Leme, E. Quel, J. Salvador, and E. Wolfram (2010), Geophys. Res. Lett., 37, L14805, doi: /2010GL043699
-Climatology Of Stratospheric Ozone Profiles In Río Gallegos, Argentina
Wolfram, Elian; Salvador, Jacobo; D´Elía, Raúl; Godin-Beekmann, Sophie; Quel, Eduardo. Proceedings Of The 25th International Laser Radar Conference (Ilrc 2010), Vol.Ii, Pp
-Rayleigh lidar temperature profiles between km during SOLAR campaign in Río Gallegos (51º55´s, 69º14´w), Argentina: methodology and results
Salvador, Jacobo; Wolfram, Elian; D´Elía, Raúl; Godin-Beekman, Sophie; Quel, Eduardo. Proceedings of the 25th International Laser Radar Conference (ILRC 2010), Vol.II, pp

32. Argentina-France Collaboration in Ozone Topics
-Container (2002)
-Electronic (2003)
-Construction
- Inversion Algorithm
- SAOZ instrument (2008)
-Data Interpretation
Use of MIMOSA and
MIMOSA-CHIM Models
-PICS project
UVO3Clim- Patagonie ( )

33. Summary The Atmospheric Observatory of Southern Patagonia is operative
In December 2008, the Ozone DIAL joined to NDACC. Also in September 2009, SAOZ radiometer was admitted as NDACC instrument
During days with vortex proximity, strong reductions of vertical ozone number density were observed. Depletions of % were measured in vertical profiles associated to ozone hole
The preliminary analysis of ozone profiles show that the biggest impact of polar vortex over vertical ozone distribution in Río Gallegos is in the middle stratosphere, between km

34. Outlook
Study of stratospheric ozone depletion in the context of ozone recovery and climate change:
Statistical analysis of temporal evolution of vortex overpasses over Southern Argentina in relation with climate indices and impact on UV radiation
Evaluation of satellite observations using ozone vertical distribution measurements (lidar) and total ozone measurements (SAOZ, Brewer)
Evaluation of Chemistry Transport Model long term simulations (e.g. Reprobus and SLIMCAT models) and Chemistry Climate Model simulations (CCMVAL II results) with respect to observations and statistical analyses.
Collaboration with teams working on Antarctic surface climate??

35. Acknowledgements JICA (Japan International Cooperation Agency)
Lidar Division Team
NIES (Japan)
LATMOS-IPSL/CNRS and French Team

36. Gracias Thanks ewolfram@citedef.gov.ar ewolfram@gmail.com

37. Use of Laser as radiation source of remote sensing instruments
CEILAP Lidar Division’s Capabilities
Use of Laser as radiation source of remote sensing instruments
LIDAR
Instrument Development
Gases Measurement
Water Vapor
Stratospheric Ozone
Monitoring of Atmospheric
Phenomena and Pollution
Urban Pollution
Biomass Burning
Volcanic Ash
Atmospheric Aerosols
Monitoring of trace gases
-Mean Latitudes Ozone Reduction
-Ozone Hole Measurements
SOLAR Campaign
UVO3Patagonia Project
Passive Remote
Sensing
UV-Vis Radiation Measurements
Aerosol Optical Thickness (AERONET)
Total Columns of O3 y NO2 (SAOZ)

38. Summary
The stronger impact of ozone hole in surface UV radiation was observed during ozone hole dilution
Also, overpass of poor ozone air masses over Rio Gallegos have high impact on UVI during summer
Cloud cover modulate strongly the surface UV radiation, producing attenuation of 50% and increment of 20% in UVI (cloud border)