1. COMMUNICATION = is the exchange of MESSAGES, THOUGHTS, IDEAS, OPINIONS and FEELINGS among people People usually use these COMMUNICATION SKILLS LISTENING & READING (we receive = get info) LISTENING & READING (we receive = get info) SPEAKING & WRITING (we produce = give info) SPEAKING & WRITING (we produce = give info) © Mgr. J. Bohňáková

2. VERBAL : using WORDS  speaking = a spoken message  writing = a written message NON-VERBAL : NO words  body language = facial expressions, gestures, postures...  Braille Script (for blind people)  Sign Language (for deaf & dumb people)  Morse Code = dots & dashes, long & short sounds or flashes of light  signs, symbols, emoticons  pictograms, trademarks, colours... BASIC FORMS of COMMUNICATION

3. VERBAL COMMUNICATION  talking face-to-face  writing letters, postcards, e-mails  sending text or voice messages  calling by telephones or mobiles  sending fax documents  the Internet : ICQ, skype, video chat  using social networks : Facebook  DVD films & radio programmes also express opinions, feelings, ideas...  advertising : leaflets, posters, billboards  mass media : TV, newspapers,magazines © Mgr. J. Bohňáková

4.  emoticons : smile, frown, anger  symbols : heart = love, thumb up = like  alphabet : H = hospital, P = car park  trademarks : Nike, Volkswagen, Markíza  pictograms : toilets for ladies / gentlemen  colours : black = death, green = go, red = stop  schemes, pictures, road signs & traffic lights  sign language for deaf and dumb people  Braille script for blind people  smoke signals used by Native Americans  animated movies with no dubbing  music is a universal language = everyone understands it NON-VERBAL COMMUNICATION © Mgr. J. Bohňáková

5. MEANS of COMMUNICATION  TRADITIONAL :  face-to-face conversation  handwritten letters = more personal than typed letters  Morse Code, road signs  MODERN :  a telephone & a mobile  a fax machine  the internet (ICQ, Skype)  e-mail, social networks © Mgr. J. Bohňáková

6. LANGUAGE LANGUAGE is the most common FORM of COMMUNICATION. There are about 6,000 official languages in the world. We use languages to:  write poetry or novels  tell jokes  make promises  give advice  talk about the present, the past or the future...  explain & describe  persuade others  tell the truth or a lie  express feelings / opinions Men & women USUALLY like talking about different subjects :  MEN often talk about work, career, women, sports & cars...  WOMEN often talk about kids, cooking, health & fashion. © Mgr. J. Bohňáková LANGUAGELANGUAGE LANGUAGELANGUAGE

7.  SLOVAK : differences between the official language & dialects in BA, BB, PO = the western & the eastern part of Slovakia.  ENGLISH : British English & American English = different pronunciation and vocabulary: autumn/fall, colour/color, biscuit/cookie...  GERMAN : The German language is different in Germany, in Austria and in Switzerland. LANGUAGE © Mgr. J. Bohňáková

8. VERBAL COMMUNICATION = LANGUAGES : words, slang, jargon, phrases, dialects, colloquial expressions...  SPEAKING = DIALOGUE, SPEECH, GOSSIP, CHAT :  is spontaneous & personal  we can repeat or explain information  we can get immediate reactions from listeners  we can see facial expresions & body language of listeners  we can ask questions & get answers. There are many TYPES of VERBAL communication : There are many TYPES of VERBAL communication : * FORMAL: speech, lecture, monologue, report, article... * FORMAL: speech, lecture, monologue, report, article... * INFORMAL : chat, gossip, discussion, dialogue, rumour.  WRITING = LETTERS, MESSAGES, REPORTS, ESSAYS :  needs more planning  is structured, organised & more precise  is directed only one-way = can't ask questions, no repetition  can't see the facial expressions = no real feelings  texts can be read later… © Mgr. J. Bohňáková VERBALVERBAL

9. NON-VERBAL COMMUNICATION is a set of sounds, signs, symbols, logos, trademarks, flags, pictograms, pictures, body language, emoticons, postures... People use the SYSTEM of:  SIGNS: road signs, sign language, international signs: P = park, H = hospital);  SYMBOLS: pictograms, flags, trademarks, e.g. an owl is the symbol of wisdom, a heart is the symbol of love...  SOUNDS: school bells, horns in cars, church bells  COLOURS: traffic lights (red = stop, green = go) black = death, white = innocence or peace black = death, white = innocence or peace  BODY LANGUAGE = postures, mimicry, facial expressions and mimicry, facial expressions and gestures to show our feelings, gestures to show our feelings, opinions, approval or disapproval, opinions, approval or disapproval, suggestions, opinion, attitude... suggestions, opinion, attitude... © Mgr. J. Bohňáková NONVERBALNONVERBAL

10. Examples:  we frown when we are angry  cry when sad or sorry  smile when happy  yawn when tired or bored  wink at people who we like  nod our head to agree  shake head to disagree  raise hands to get attention  cuddle to show care  kiss & hug to show love  we wave to people who are leaving  we put thumbs up to show liking  we put thumbs down to show dislike  we shake hands when introduced © Mgr. J. Bohňáková BOBODDYYLLAANNGGUUAAGGEEBOBODDYYLLAANNGGUUAAGGEEDYLANGUAGE

11. The Internet & e-mail help us communicate with other people anywhere in the world. Internet CHAT abbreviations:  BRB = be right back  CUL8R = see you later  B4 = before  4U = for you  F2F = face to face  same2U = the same to you  AFK= away from the keyboard Internet EMOTICONS: :) smile :P tongue out:O surprised ;-) wink:D laughter:-/ bored :( sad:X angry:ˊ( crying © Mgr. J. Bohňáková CYBERTALK

12. advertisement give advice tell a joke write poetry give a hug persuade nod your head shake hands raise a hand yawnfrown tell a lie shake head wink thumbs up (dis-) approve smileysconfused  reklama  poradiť  povedať vtip  písať poéziu  objať  presvedčiť  prikývnuť  potriasť rukou  prihlásiť sa, zdvihnúť ruku  zívať  mračiť sa  klamať  krútiť hlavou v nesúhlase  žmurkať  palce nahor  (ne-) súhlasiť  smajlíci / emotikony  zmätený © Mgr. J. Bohňáková GLOSSARY

13. smilesmile sadsad surprisedsurprised coolcool angryangry winkingwinking boredbored confusedconfused cheekycheeky shockedshocked 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 EMOTICONS

14.  písať poéziu  poradiť  povedať pravdu  povedať lož  povedať vtip  sľúbiť  presvedčiť  položiť otázku  zodvihnúť ruku  pokrútiť hlavou  prikývnuť  žmurknúť  objať  zamračiť sa  zívať  potriasť rukou tell a lie ask a question write poetry give a hug tell a joke raise a hand tell the truth give advice make a promise frownfrown nod your head shake your head winkwink yawnyawn shake hands persuadepersuade © Mgr. J. Bohňáková VOCABULARY

15.  VERBAL COMMUNICATION  BODY LANGUAGE  MORSE CODE  SIGN LANGUAGE  ADVERTISING  TRAFFIC LIGHTS  FACIAL EXPRESSIONS  ROAD SIGN  PICTOGRAM  TRADEMARK  HANDWRITTEN LETTERS  COLLOQUIAL EXPRESSION  COMMUNICATION SKILLS  THUMBS DOWN  EXCHANGE OF IDEAS  FACE TO FACE  PERSUADE SOMEONE  SHAKE HANDS  NOD YOUR HEAD  MAKE A PROMISE VOCABULARYVOCABULARY © Mgr. J. Bohňáková

16. R L O U I A I N R L O U I A I N OD A A E OD A A E M E O E GN L N A E GN L N A E A V R I G R FI IG S R FI IG S F C L P E S S O D I N O D I N CT G M CT G M A E K A E K A W I E L T S A W I E L T S C L O I L E P E S N M U I A O S I S M U I A O S I S T U S D N E C A E F D S A E O F E A E O F E P R U D S M O E H K H N S H K H N S N Y U E D M K A R M E R L O U I A I N R L O U I A I N OD A A E OD A A E M E O E GN L N A E GN L N A E A V R I G R FI IG S R FI IG S F C L P E S S O D I N O D I N CT G M CT G M A E K A E K A W I E L T S A W I E L T S C L O I L E P E S N M U I A O S I S M U I A O S I S T U S D N E C A E F D S A E O F E A E O F E P R U D S M O E H K H N S H K H N S N Y U E D M K A R M E  VERBAL COMMUNICATION  BODY LANGUAGE  MORSE CODE  SIGN LANGUAGE  ADVERTISING  TRAFFIC LIGHTS  FACIAL EXPRESSIONS  ROAD SIGN  PICTOGRAM  TRADEMARK  HANDWRITTEN LETTERS  COLLOQUIAL EXPRESSION  COMMUNICATION SKILLS  THUMBS DOWN  EXCHANGE OF IDEAS  FACE TO FACE  PERSUADE SOMEONE  SHAKE HANDS  NOD YOUR HEAD  MAKE A PROMISE

17. Identify different means of communication in these pictures. Compare and contrast advantages and disadvantages of these forms of communication. Which of these forms of communication do you prefer? Explain and give reasons.

18. I prefer… Preferujem…/Dávam prednosť... For me, the best is… Pre mňa je najlepšie… Most of all, I like... Najviac zo všetkého mám rád... I really dislike... Naozaj nemám rád... If I had a choice, I´d… Ak by som si mohol vybrať, ja by som I´d rather… Radšej by som… If I were you, I´d... Keby som bol Ty, ja by som... If I were you, I wouldn´t... Keby som bol Ty, ja by som ne-... I consider… to be... Považujem... za... I love... Milujem... I can´t stand... Nemôžem vystáť... I´m fond of... Mám v obľube... We detest... Neznášame... I´m keen on... Nadchýňa ma.../Som nadšený pre... I prefer… Preferujem…/Dávam prednosť... For me, the best is… Pre mňa je najlepšie… Most of all, I like... Najviac zo všetkého mám rád... I really dislike... Naozaj nemám rád... If I had a choice, I´d… Ak by som si mohol vybrať, ja by som I´d rather… Radšej by som… If I were you, I´d... Keby som bol Ty, ja by som... If I were you, I wouldn´t... Keby som bol Ty, ja by som ne-... I consider… to be... Považujem... za... I love... Milujem... I can´t stand... Nemôžem vystáť... I´m fond of... Mám v obľube... We detest... Neznášame... I´m keen on... Nadchýňa ma.../Som nadšený pre... © Mgr. J. Bohňáková USEFUL PHRASES for PREFERENCES

19. both… oba/obidva... same… to isté/ten istý… also... tiež/taktiež... alike... napodobne... similar… podobne each… každý… likewise... rovnako/tak isto... just as... práve tak ako... as well as... takisto ako/ ako aj / taktiež... on the same basis... na rovnakom základe... in the same way... tým istým spôsobom... On the one hand... Na jednej strane... On the other hand... Na druhej strane... In comparison... V porovnaní... both… oba/obidva... same… to isté/ten istý… also... tiež/taktiež... alike... napodobne... similar… podobne each… každý… likewise... rovnako/tak isto... just as... práve tak ako... as well as... takisto ako/ ako aj / taktiež... on the same basis... na rovnakom základe... in the same way... tým istým spôsobom... On the one hand... Na jednej strane... On the other hand... Na druhej strane... In comparison... V porovnaní... © Mgr. J. Bohňáková USEFUL PHRASES for COMPARING & CONTRASTING IDEAS USEFUL PHRASES for COMPARING & CONTRASTING IDEAS

20. In spite of… Napriek... /Navzdory... / I keď... Despite the fact that… Napriek skutočnosti, že… Nevertheless,... Jednako,... / A predsa... / Pritom... Although... Hoci.../Aj keď... However, … Avšak... Whereas… Zatiaľ čo… / Kým.../ Vzhľadom na... While... Kým... /Pokiaľ... Unlike... Na rozdiel od... /Nie ako... On the contrary... Naopak... / V porovnaní... In contrast to... Na rozdiel od... instead of... namiesto... / miesto aby... even though... napriek tomu... The difference between... Rozdiel medzi... Otherwise... Z iného hľadiska.../ Síce... / Inak... In spite of… Napriek... /Navzdory... / I keď... Despite the fact that… Napriek skutočnosti, že… Nevertheless,... Jednako,... / A predsa... / Pritom... Although... Hoci.../Aj keď... However, … Avšak... Whereas… Zatiaľ čo… / Kým.../ Vzhľadom na... While... Kým... /Pokiaľ... Unlike... Na rozdiel od... /Nie ako... On the contrary... Naopak... / V porovnaní... In contrast to... Na rozdiel od... instead of... namiesto... / miesto aby... even though... napriek tomu... The difference between... Rozdiel medzi... Otherwise... Z iného hľadiska.../ Síce... / Inak... © Mgr. J. Bohňáková USEFUL PHRASES for CONTRAST

21.  Name different FORMS of communication & give examples.  Which are your FAVOURITE FORMS of communication? Give reasons.  Name different MEANS of communication & give examples.  Which are your FAVOURITE MEANS of communication? Give reasons.  Describe some differences in languages (Slovak, English & German).  What can people use the language for?  What do men & women usually talk about?  Name typical examples of VERBAL communication.  Name typical examples of NON-VERBAL communication.  Describe some common emoticons. Which do you use?  How can people communicate by the Internet? What equipment do people need for online communication? Give examples. DISCUSSION © Mgr. J. Bohňáková

22. hand V O C A B U L A R Y road marks sign trade- written message opinion express facial sign language your head © Mgr. J. Bohňáková expression prikývnuť hlavou prihlásiť sa výraz tváre vyjadriť názor posunková reč dopravná značka písomný odkaz obchodná značka prikývnuť hlavou prihlásiť sa výraz tváre vyjadriť názor posunková reč dopravná značka písomný odkaz obchodná značka raise nod nod your head raisehand facial expression express opinion sign language roadsign written message trademark

23. exchange a message thoughtsideasopinionsfeelingsskillsreceiveproduceverbalnon-verbal body language facial expressions gesturesposturestrademarksemoticons © Mgr. J. Bohňáková GLOSSARY  výmena  odkaz  myšlienky  nápady, myšlienky  názory  pocity  schopnosti/zručnosti  prijať  produkovať  verbálny/slovný  neverbálny  reč tela  výrazy tváre  gestá  postoje/pózy  obchodné značky  ikony vyjadrujúce pocity

24.  exchange  a message  thoughts  ideas  opinions  feelings  skills  receive  produce  verbal  non-verbal  body language  facial expressions  gestures  postures  trademarks  emoticons © Mgr. J. Bohňáková GLOSSARY výmenaodkazmyšlienky nápady, myšlienky názorypocityschopnosti/zručnostiprijaťprodukovaťverbálny/slovnýneverbálny reč tela výrazy tváre gestápostoje/pózy obchodné značky ikony vyjadrujúce pocity

25.  Braille Script  Morse Code  dots and dashes  flashes of light  voice message  social networks  express opinion  suggestion  advertising  leaflets  posters  mass media  newspapers  magazines  road signs  traffic lights  smoke signals © Mgr. J. Bohňáková GLOSSARY písmo pre nevidiacich morzeovka bodky a pomĺčky záblesky svetla hlasový odkaz sociálne siete vyjadriť názor návrhreklamnýletákyplagátymasmédiánovinyčasopisy dopravné značky semafory dymové signály

26.  handwritten message  typed letters  poetry  novels  tell jokes  tell the truth  tell a lie  make a promise  give advice  persuade  explain  different  vocabulary  dialect  approval  introduce  (dis-)agree © Mgr. J. Bohňáková GLOSSARY ručne písané odkazy strojom písané listy poéziaromány rozprávať vtipy povedať pravdu klamať/povedať lož dať sľub poradiťpresvedčiťvysvetliťodlišný/iný/rozdielny slovná zásoba nárečieschválenie/odobreniepredstaviť(ne-)súhlasiť

27. ASEKH DHASN ODN UYRO EHDA LTLE OJSKE ORBUAVLAYC RSEPSXE IONOPN GSNI GALGAENU AFALCI PERXESONSSI CITRAFF HLISTG ETDPY TETRLSE ORDA NSGSI DBOY AGANGELU ADTARRKSEM RSEUDEPA ATTNHWIREND VEGI VACEDI PAVPORLA MISAREDENTGE GUSESTGONI ASHEK AHDE IARES NDHA MUBTHS PU Usporiadajte písmená tak, aby vznikli zmysluplné pojmy: potriasť rukou prikývnuť hlavou rozprávať vtipy slovná zásoba vyjadriť názor posunková reč výrazy tváre semafory strojom písané listy dopravné značky reč tela obchodné značky presvedčiť rukou/ručne písaný poradiťschválenienesúhlasnávrh krútiť hlavou prihlásiť sa palce nahor SHAKE HANDS NOD YOUR HEAD TELL JOKES VOCABULARY EXPRESS OPINON SIGN LANGUAGE FACIAL EXPRESSIONS TRAFFIC LIGHTS TYPED LETTERS ROAD SIGNS BODY LANGUAGE TRADEMARKSPERSUADEHANDWRITTEN GIVE ADVICE APPROVALDISAGREEMENTSUGGESTION SHAKE HEAD RAISE HAND THUMBS UP © Mgr. J. Bohňáková