1. SpreadsheetML Advanced

2. Disclaimer
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3. Tables

4. SpreadsheetML Tables
SpreadsheetML tables provide structure and formatting for worksheet information
Design goals for SpreadsheetML tables:
Separate presentation and data
Data stays in the worksheet
Table definition is in a separate part (referenced via a relationship)
Cell definition lightweight but extensible
Complex type with future storage capabilities
Named ranges written in their own collection instead of on each cell
Open XML has different types of tables for each document type, optimized for different scenarios:
WordprocessingML has its tbl element
SpreadsheetML has its table element
PresentationML uses DrawingML tables (tbl inside graphicData)

5. SpreadsheetML Table: simple example
Worksheet (sheet1.xml)
<sheetData>
<row r="1" spans="1:2">
<c r="A1" t="s"><v>0</v></c>
<c r="B1" t="s"><v>1</v></c>
</row>
<row r="2" spans="1:2">
<c r="A2"><v>1</v></c>
<c r="B2"><v>4</v></c>
<row r="3" spans="1:2">
<c r="A3"><v>2</v></c>
<c r="B3"><v>5</v></c>
<row r="4" spans="1:2">
<c r="A4"><v>3</v></c>
<c r="B4"><v>6</v></c>
</sheetData>
...
<tableParts count="1">
<tablePart r:id="rId2"/>
</tableParts>
Headings = shared strings
Data remains in sheetData
Table definition (table1.xml)
<table … ref="A1:B4” …>
<autoFilter ref="A1:B4”/>
<tableColumns count="2">
<tableColumn id="1" name="Column1" />
<tableColumn id="2" name="Column2" />
</tableColumns>
<tableStyleInfo …/>
</table>
DEMO

6. Typical Tables Table #1 Table #2 Table #3 Header Row No Header Row
(merged cells)
Totals Row
No Totals Row
Table #3
Header Row
No Totals Row

7. Table #1

8. Table #2

9. Table #3

10. autoFilter definition
In worksheet part (sheet1.xml):

11. AutoFilter Result

12. conditionalFormatting

13. Cells with Conditional Formatting
> .5
Data Bars

14. Comments

15. Comment Example Typical comment Key concepts:
Comments are not stored in the worksheet
Each worksheet may have a comment part
Contains all comments for that worksheet
Each comment is attached to a cell (A1 notation)
Drawing/rendering information is stored separately
VML-based legacy format
Implicit worksheet relationships point to comment part and drawing part

16. Comment part (comment1.xml)
<comments xmlns="...spreadsheetml...">
<authors>
<author>John Smith</author>
</authors>
<commentList>
<comment ref="D4" authorId="0">
<text>
<r>
<rPr>
<b />
<sz val="8" />
<color indexed="81" />
<rFont val="Tahoma" />
<family val="2" />
</rPr>
<t>John:</t>
</r>
<t xml:space="preserve">Why is shipping so high on this item?</t>
</text>
</comment>
</commentList>
</comments>
Author 0 (from the list)
Comment for cell D4
Rich text formatting

17. Comments: vmlDrawing1.vml
Defines how to render the comment
Uses VML (legacy schema being replaced by DrawingML)
<xml xmlns:v="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:vml“
xmlns:o="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office"
xmlns:x="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:excel">
<o:shapelayout v:ext="edit">
<o:idmap v:ext="edit" data="1"/>
</o:shapelayout>
<v:shapetype id="_x0000_t202" coordsize="21600,21600" o:spt="202"
path="m,l,21600r21600,l21600,xe">
<v:stroke joinstyle="miter"/>
<v:path gradientshapeok="t" o:connecttype="rect"/>
</v:shapetype>
<v:shape id="_x0000_s1025" type="#_x0000_t202" style='position:absolute;
margin-left:203.25pt;margin-top:37.5pt;width:96pt;height:55.5pt;z-index:1;
visibility:hidden' fillcolor="#ffffe1" o:insetmode="auto">
<v:fill color2="#ffffe1"/>
<v:shadow on="t" color="black" obscured="t"/>
<v:path o:connecttype="none"/>
<v:textbox style='mso-direction-alt:auto'>
<div style='text-align:left'></div>
</v:textbox>
<x:ClientData ObjectType="Note">
<x:MoveWithCells/>
<x:SizeWithCells/>
<x:Anchor>4, 15, 2, 10, 6, 15, 6, 4</x:Anchor>
<x:AutoFill>False</x:AutoFill>
<x:Row>3</x:Row>
<x:Column>3</x:Column>
</x:ClientData>
</v:shape>
</xml>

18. Styles

19. Styles & Themes We have seen examples of direct formatting
Rich text settings in the <rPr> run properties element
Applied directly to cell contents or comment text
Formatting can also be specified by a style
Named collection of formatting elements
Style types: cell style, table style, pivotTable style
A style may refer to a theme definition
Themes define a set of colors, font information, and shape effects
Direct formatting may also refer to a theme
Picking a different theme changes the styles/formatting that refer to it

20. Style part (styles.xml)
Contents of the <styleSheet> element:
Description
Tag
Number Format Expressions
<numFmts>
Font Definitions
<fonts>
Fill Definitions
<fills>
Border Definitions
<borders>
Master Records – Cell Styles
<cellStyleXfs>
Master Records – Formatting
<cellXfs>
Cell Styles
<cellStyles>
Differential Formatting Records
<dxfs>
Custom Table Styles
<tableStyles>

21. Number Format Expressions <numFmts>
Cell number format definitions
The numFmtId attribute uniquely identifies each entry
Number formats don’t use 0-based index like other style definitions
Example (for currency formatting):
May not reference theme definitions
# of formats defined
Formatting expression
<numFmts count="1">
<numFmt numFmtId="164" formatCode=""$"#,##0.00" />
</numFmts>
ID for this formatting style (predefined in the spec)

22. Font Definitions <fonts>
Referenced by index (fontId) from master records
Properties may reference theme definitions
<fonts count="3">
<font>
  <sz val="11" />
  <color theme="1" />
  <name val="Calibri" />
  <family val="2" />
  <scheme val="minor" />
  </font>
  <sz val="8" />
  <color indexed="81" />
  <name val="Tahoma" />
  <b />
</fonts>
fontId=0
Color 1 from theme definition
Indexed color reference
fontId=1
Bold version of above font
fontId=2

23. Fill Definitions <fills>
Referenced by index (fillId) from master records
ST_PatternType fill patterns documented in §
<fills count="2">
<fill>
  <patternFill patternType="none" />
  </fill>
  <patternFill patternType="gray125" />
<patternFill patternType=“solid”>
<fgColor theme=“4”/>
<bgColor theme=“4”/>
</patternFill>
</fills>
Color 4 from theme definition

24. Border Definitions <borders>
Referenced by index (borderId) from master records
Define presence/absence of borders, weight, color, etc.
<borders count="1">
<border>
  <left style=“medium”>
<color indexed=“64”>
</left>
  <right style=“medium”>
</right>
  <top />
  <bottom />
  <diagonal />
  </border>
</borders>
Left/right borders: medium, color 64
top, bottom, diagonal borders: none
DEMO

25. Master Record – Cell Styles <cellStyleXfs>
Groups together a specific combination of style settings for use in a cellStyle definition
Master records are referenced by index (xfId)
<cellStyleXfs count="1">
<xf numFmtId="0" fontId="0" fillId="0" borderId="0" />
</cellStyleXfs>
Border definition (0-based index)
Fill definition (0-based index)
Font definition (0-based index)
Number format expression (unique ID)

26. Master Record – Formatting <cellXfs>
Groups together a specific combination of style settings for use in directing formatting from a cell
NOTE: master records are referenced by index and not xfId (§ ). For example, to reference the 2nd master record above (i.e., index=1):
<cellXfs count="2">
  <xf numFmtId="0" fontId="0" fillId="0" borderId="0" xfId="0" />
  <xf numFmtId="164" fontId="0" fillId="0" borderId="0" xfId="0" applyNumberFormat="1" />
</cellXfs>
<c r=“A1” s=“1” t=“s”>
<v>0</v>
</c>

27. Master Record Direct Formatting

28. Cell Styles <cellStyles>
Collection of the cell styles used in the workbook
<cellStyles count="1">
  <cellStyle name="Normal" xfId="0" builtinId="0" />
  <cellStyle name=“Accent1" xfId=“1" builtinId=“29" />
</cellStyles>

29. Differential Formatting Records <dxfs>
Groups of formatting information that can be applied as a differential/additive style
Referenced by index (0-based) from a tableStyle element
When applied, only the specified properties are changed and all other formatting properties retain their values
<dxfs count=“1”>
<dxf>
<font>
<b/>
<color theme=“0”/>
</font>
<fill>
<patternFill patternType=“solid”>
<fgColor theme=“5”/>
<bgColor theme=“5”/>
</patternFill>
</fill>
</dxf>
</dxfs>
Change font to bold and change color, leave other font properties unchanged

30. Custom Table Styles <tableStyles>
Only custom-defined styles are saved – predefined Table/PivotTable styles are not saved
Predefined Table/PivtoTable styles – see §3.8.40
13 table regions can be formatted
15 additional PivotTables regions
All predefined styles reference themes
Custom styles may reference themes
<tableStyles count=“1" defaultTableStyle="TableStyleMedium9" defaultPivotStyle="PivotStyleLight16" />
<tableStyle name=“TableStyleMedium10 – Custom” pivot=“0” count=“1”>
<tableStyleElement type=“WholeTable” dxfId=“6”/>
</tableStyle>
</tableStyles>
Apply the 7th differential formatting record to the “whole table” region

31. Custom Table Style
Styles part: Table definition:

32. Style & Formatting Example
Left set of numbers have direct & themed formatting
Table has a table style applied
PivotTable has a table style applied

33. Vary The Theme
Since all colors are specified as theme colors, they change when a different theme is selected
Cells with non-theme colors specified wouldn’t change color with theme changes

34. Named Ranges

35. Named Ranges <defineNames>
This workbook-level element defines names for:
Cells
Named ranges
Formulas
Constants
Names can’t be in the range A1 – XFD
Names can’t begin with _xlnm
Predefined names: _xlnm.Print_Area, _xlnm.Sheet_Title, etc.
Best practice: use named ranges

36. Named Range Attributes
Name – required
Description – user-viewable
Comment – internal documentation
Function/hidden/vbProcedure – booleans
Scope defined by localSheetId
Other attributes – see §3.2.5
<definedNames>
<definedName name=“MyFormula” comment=“My comment.">SUM(Sheet3!$B$2:$B$9)</definedName>
<definedName name=“MyRange1">Sheet3!$A$1:$C$12</definedName>
<definedName name=“MyRange2" localSheetId="2” hidden="1">Sheet5!$A$1:$T$47</definedName>
</definedNames>
DEMO

37. Pivot Tables

38. PivotCacheDefinition
Pivot Tables
Column axis
Row axis
Values
Pivot tables simplify large data sets
Aggregate information by rows/columns
Two components must be defined:
The pivot cache definition
Defines the data source
Workbook has a relation to the pivot cache definition
The pivot table definition
Defines the appearance
Worksheet has a relationship to the pivot table definition
Workbook 1 1 n n
Sheet
PivotCacheDefinition 1 1 n
PivotTable n

39. Pivot Cache Definition
Defines data source (may be internal or external)
Defines pivot-table fields and pivot values
<pivotCacheDefinition refreshOnLoad="1" invalid="1">
<cacheSource type="worksheet">
<worksheetSource ref="A1:G1525" sheet="Sheet1" />
</cacheSource>
<cacheFields count="2">
<cacheField name="Territory" numFmtId="0">
<sharedItems count="10">
<s v="Canada" />
<s v="Northwest" />
<s v="Southeast" />
...
<s v="Australia" />
</sharedItems>
</cacheField>
<cacheField name="Sale Total" numFmtId="0">
<sharedItems containsSemiMixedTypes="0“ containsString="0“ containsNumber="1" />
</cacheFields>
</pivotCacheDefinition>
Data source
Cache field
Pivot values

40. Pivot Table Definition
Defines the look & feel of the pivot table
Associated cache definition (ID from workbook part)
<pivotTableDefinition name="PivotTable1"
cacheId="1“ dataCaption="Value">
<location ref="A1:B12" firstHeaderRow="1"
firstDataRow="2" firstDataCol="1" />
<pivotFields count="2">
<pivotField axis="axisRow" showAll="0">
<items count="11">
<item x="0" />
<item x="1" />
...
<item t="default" />
</items>
</pivotField>
<pivotField dataField="1" showAll="0" />
</pivotFields>
<rowFields count="1">
<field x="0" />
</rowFields>
<dataFields count="1">
<dataField name="Sum of Sales" fld="1" />
</dataFields>
</pivotTableDefinition>
Location of the pivot table within the worksheet
DEMO