1. http://www.durham.anglican.org/userfiles/image/Durham%20Website/Mission%20and%20Ministry/Mission/8271%20steam%20and%20sa nd.jpg

2.  Nine major regions  North America, Europe (MDCs)  Latin America, East Asia, S.W. Asia/North Africa, S.E. Asia, Central Asia, South Asia, Sub-Saharan Africa (LDCs)  Three ‘significant areas’  Japan, Oceania, Russia http://www.usp.org/sites/default/files/images/aroundTheWorld/Regiona lActivities/regional_activities_map_en.jpg

3.  Nearly all developed regions are found north of 30 degrees N. latitude (north-south split)  MDCs in the north have relatively high HDIs  Southern countries have lower HDIs http://school.edturtle.co.uk/images/north-south_800.jpg South Africa is #123 in HDI (0.619)…why is it considered an MDC on this map?

4.  North America (HDI 0.95)  U.S. – 13 th in HDI worldwide  High in GDP Per Capita and literacy rate  Lower in education and life expectancy ▪ High school dropouts ▪ Inadequate health-care coverage http://communitylink.com/us/nc/raleigh/profile/media/images/educati on.jpg

5.  Europe (HDI 0.93)  European Union makes Europe the world’s richest market  15 of the 19 highest HDIs are in Europe, but southern/eastern countries lag behind ▪ Highly dependent on international trade ▪ Struggling recently with recession and financial instability http://www.anunews.net/blog/wp-content/uploads/2011/12/aa- European-debt-crisis-dominoes-falling-good-one.jpg

6.  Russia (HDI 0.73)  Transitioned to a market economy after Soviet Union collapsed in 1991  Painful struggle with high unemployment and corruption (HDI was above 0.9 in 1980s)  Slow rebound tied to oil production http://www.etftrends.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/08/russia_01.jpg

7.  Japan (HDI 0.96)  Different culture than other MDCs  Low ratio of population to resources  Strength: rigorous education system, skilled labor force  Specialty: electronics, cars  Oceania (HDI 0.90)  Australia and New Zealand (other islands lag behind)  Key exports: iron ore, lead, nickel, titanium http://www.asianresearch.org/news_images/2003-10-9- japan_students.jpg

8.  Latin America (HDI 0.82)  Highest HDI of LDC regions  Development levels vary sharply ▪ Coastal areas have high GDP per capita ▪ Development lags in the interior areas ▪ Economy is closely linked to the U.S. (especially Mexico) http://media.cnbc.com/i/CNBC/Sections/News_And_Analysis/_Blogs/Con sumer_Nation/_Slideshows/HottestRetailMarkets_2011/CNBC_attractive _countries_retail_2011_peru.jpg

9.  East Asia (HDI 0.77)  Main player: China (2 nd largest economy)  World’s largest manufacturer (tied closely to Wal-Mart)  Problems: ▪ Low wages ▪ Weak management ▪ Primitive banking system ▪ High levels of pollution http://www.giftsanddec.com/photo/383/383839-Wal_Mart_China.jpg

10.  S.W. Asia/N. Africa  Key: Oil reserves  Huge gap between oil producing and non- producing countries  Impact of Islamic faith: ▪ Daily prayers disrupt business activities ▪ Women excluded from jobs and public places ▪ Result: development is lower than it could be http://www.makkahmasjid.co.uk/coppermine/albums/Makkah_Masjid_Al bum1/P1010011.jpg

11.  Southeast Asia (HDI 0.73)  Indonesia, Vietnam, Thailand, Philippines  Climate is hot and rainy (difficult for farming)  1930s-1980s: nearly continuous warfare  Key exports: palm oil, rubber, tin, rice, textiles http://www.greenpeace.org/usa/Global/usa/planet3/photos- forests/palm-fruit.jpg

12.  Central Asia (HDI 0.75)  Many former republics of the Soviet Union  Iran and Kazakhstan are fairly well-developed (reason: oil production)  Iran has used wealth to promote revolution, drive out western influences  Afghanistan: HDI unknown (war and instability) http://i.telegraph.co.uk/multimedia/archive/02100/iran- oil_2100448b.jpg

13.  South Asia (HDI 0.61)  India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka  2 nd highest population, 2 nd lowest GDP per capita  Big beneficiary of the Green Revolution ▪ India now has 4 th largest economy ▪ Leading exporter of rice, wheat, services (telemarketing) http://images.teamsugar.com/files/upl1/19/193328/40_2008/Indian-Call- Centers.jpg

14.  Sub-Saharan Africa (HDI 0.51)  High levels of poverty, poor health, low education levels, war, instability  Landlocked states are most vulnerable  #1 problem – entire region has dry or tropical climates ▪ Cannot support large concentrations of people ▪ Africa – world’s highest natural increase rate http://static.guim.co.uk/Guardian/travel/gallery/2007/aug/21/africa/BN17748 _4a-1122.jpg