1. Publishing Workflow for InDesign Import/Export of XML Creating Bi-directional Content Reuse between Databases and Publishing Applications Part 1: The XML Import Dorothy J. Hoskins President, Textenergy

2. Contents The Problem Overview Current State Desired State Proposed XML Workflow Development Successes Challenges Appendix: Why Use XML?Why Use XML?

3. Overview: The Workflow Problem The college has 2 major sources of the content used in the course catalog: a database and InDesign documents. They would like to reduce the time and effort of publishing the content in the database that appears within the InDesign catalog. Simultaneously, they want to reduce the chance of discrepancies between the two sets of content. Knowing that XML can be imported into InDesign, they decided to try to export XML from the database.

4. Overview: Workflow State at Start There was no way to get the content moved between the database and InDesign documents without some kind of cut and paste operation. When the publishing department got the content from the database, it came as a large.txt file that required extensive manual markup to get it formatted correctly in InDesign. Revisions also came as.txt or directly from reviewers as Word snippets, also requiring cut & paste and manual markup.

5. Overview: Desired Workflow File import would be used to get the database content into InDesign. When the publishing department gets the content from the database, it will come as a XML files that format correctly in InDesign on import. Revisions can come as XML snippets also, which can be integrated into the main XML import.

6. Proposed XML Workflow Create content in Lotus Notes database tables for course descriptions and programs of study. Export these types of content as XML from the database, using its XML export capabilities. Take sample XML and import into InDesign to create element styles (to make each piece of content look as it should in print). Import entire XML into InDesign. Adjust layout in InDesign.

7. Proposed XML Workflow Develop revision process: –Create review materials and circulate to reviewers (PDF of InDesign doc). –Input revisions in database tables. (The database is to be the “single source” for all course descriptions and programs of study content.) –Export revisions as XML snippets. –Import XML snippets to make revisions in InDesign. Create XML export from InDesign to load some content into the database (bidirectional flow).

8. Development of XML Workflow Identify the content types (course descriptions, programs of study) and their components (credit hours, prerequisites, course titles, descriptions, etc.) in the database. Model the content as XML elements. Research the InDesign paragraph and character styles to see how to map the XML elements. Develop XML output from the database. Test XML content and refine paragraph styles. Import XML and verify results.

9. Development of XML Workflow People and job functions involved: –The database developer: to create XML output from data tables –XML consultant: to develop the XML import to InDesign –Print publishing manager, production: to provide input on the InDesign requirements, test and verify the import process –Project manager: to track progress against goals and schedule –Web publisher: to provide input on web-related issues regarding the database

10. XML in InDesign CS2 Paragraph and character styles can be assigned to XML elements.

11. XML in InDesign CS2 Import uses the InDesign structure pane (on left side of the layout for the page). –The document already has its paragraph and character styles defined by the publications team.

12. XML in InDesign CS2 Select the XML file for import into InDesign. –The XML file can include its paragraph and character styles in attributes (added during export from the database). Or styles can be added after importing XML.

13. XML in InDesign CS2 Tables can be created with XML import also. Table import requires added XML structures that map to table cells. –Imported files may be linked for further edits (not recommended for large XML files).

14. XML in InDesign CS2 Imported XML can be viewed in the Structure pane in the InDesign file. –Expanding the structure will show the XML attributes as well as the elements. –Flat XML structures are the best for importing.

15. XML in InDesign CS2 InDesign has a mapping feature to assign a paragraph style to all XML elements of a given name. –If you name XML elements exactly as your paragraph styles are named, (or vice versa) the process is very simple. XML element names cannot contain spaces or certain reserved characters like “&”.

16. XML in InDesign CS2 InDesign has a Story Editor view that makes it easier to edit within XML elements. Color coding helps identify the different XML element types.

17. Successes In a catalog of about 300 pages, over 130 pages are now created with XML import. This has reduced the manual markup process from days to a few hours. –Course descriptions flow into 70 pages from one XML database output file. –Programs of study flow into 20 pages from another database export (but require extra XML processing before import) –Program requirements XML flows over 10 pages of 4-column table layout.

18. Challenges The import process gets all the XML elements to format uniformly. However, there are “known issues” such as: –Importing takes a few minutes and requires a computer with a lot of horsepower. Crashes are more likely than with non- XML files. –Tables are less stable than other layout elements. –Cleanup after import applies column or line breaks, kerning overrides and other copyfitting. Markup overrides do not affect the XML. –Overrides have to be redone if the source XML file is reimported. –In some cases, an XSL transform is required to restructure the database XML file into a flatter structure that works well inside Indesign.

19. Why use XML? A look at forces moving the marketplace: e-commerce, globalization, speed to market

20. Global trading and enterprise integration are speeding up XML, a language for describing the structure of information, is one of the key technologies for making information reusable and transportable. Already, industries have been forming coalitions to create standards for themselves called XML schemas (rules for structuring information) and making these schemas available to build momentum for global e-commerce.

21. The players are on the field, and they’re all using XML Microsoft, IBM, Sun and Adobe, among others, are all building XML-enabled applications and systems. Large enterprises are already using XML in Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP), Customer Relationship Management (CRM), Salesforce Automation (SFA), and Supply Chain Management (SCM)/e-procurement. XML is also essential for many Content Management systems.

22. Future development of products XML is widely used in web publishing — and print publishing is the next frontier. Back in 2001, Bill Gates said, “An open industry standard managed by the World Wide Web Consortium, XML enables developers to describe data being exchanged between PCs, smart devices, applications and Web sites.... XML is a lingua franca for the Internet age. Just as the Web revolutionized how users talk to applications, XML transforms how applications talk to each other. “ Now Microsoft has enabled XML for Office applications. So has Adobe for its product line. You have more options than ever before for XML catalog development, from major players.

23. In a nutshell, XML works for business Using XML to connect applications and business systems is working very well already, and XML development is going on all over the globe. (Note: XML makes multi-language websites and localized documents easier to produce.) Those who move to leverage their information resources with XML have new opportunities for establishing valuable partnerships and gaining marketshare.

24. For more ideas about XML for business Contact Textenergy LLC www.textenergy.com dhoskins@textenergy.com www.textenergy.com dhoskins@textenergy.com 585 750-3118