1. Effects of level of supplementation in late gestation on performance of meat goat does and kids T. Hutchens, M, Neary, K. Andries, J. Towers Univ. of KY, Purdue Univ. & KY State Univ.

2. (2005-2007) Spring Pasture Kidding Programs Supplemented and Non-Supplemented Objective was to find the lowest input level for a commercial goat herd kidding on KY-31 tall fescue E. Supplementation: – Significant to highly significant differences in 60 and 90 day weaning weights. – Increase in doe efficiency for number of kids weaned – Improved kid weaning weights as a percent of doe body weight. – Increased doe efficiency for weaning multiple births. – Increase in herd efficiency for numbers of kids weaned/doe exposed.

3. Energy Needs for Meat Goat Female Graph 1. 1st Trimester Preg. Day (0– 50) 3rd Trimester Preg. Day (100-150 2nd Trimester Preg. Day (50-100) Lactation Day (150-225) Graph modified from Langston Univ. online certification short course. Non-lactating Period Day (225-365)

4. Objective: to evaluate if productivity of Boer x Kiko does can be influenced by supplementation strategy in last 56 days of gestation – Second trimester – grass hay – 24 Boer x Kiko does (3-4 years of age) – Ultrasound verification 2 feti – Does were randomly allocated into 6 does per treatment group – Does were fed fescue & alfalfa mix hay, 15% CP, 56.9% NDF – DM bases – Hay was chopped and fed free choice in individual feeders (disappearance and refusals were recorded weekly) – Supplement was 1 of 4 soybean hull treatments fed at 1 and 2 percent of initial average BW (48.2 ± 3.3 kg) – Supplement level was (0.45 kg and 0.9 kg)

5. Treatments were soybean hulls fed at: 1=1% SBH for 28d + 2% SBH 28d (M,H) 2=0% SBH for 28d +2% SBH 28d (L,H) 3=2% SBH for 28d +2% SBH 28d (H,H) 4= 1% SBH for 28d +1% SBH 28d (M,M) Supplementation period was 56 days Doe body weights and body condition scores were taken at – 14 day intervals for the 56 day gestational period, – 24 hours after kidding, – 30, 60, 90 days during lactation Kid body weights were recorded at – birth, and 30,60,90 days – average daily gain was calculated

6. Effects of Supplementation Pre-Kidding Doe Performance Treatments 1 Items1 (1%, 2%)2 (0%, 2%)3 (2%, 2%)4 (1%, 1%)SEM ScriptMHLHHHMM Initial Wt kg49.2948.6746.8748.163.30 Initial BCS2.332.582.422.580.17 14-d kg51.28 a,b 48.12 a 53.33 b 52.24 b 0.8 14-d BCS2.582.53 2.780.07 28-d kg53.98 a 52.01 a 57.60 c 54.89 b,c 0.72 28-d BCS2.562.462.522.710.17 42-d kg57.15 a 54.91 a 60.76 b 57.46 a 0.77 42-d BCS2.382.302.862.710.15 56-d kg62.9958.0265.1060.503.60 56-d BCS2.372.232.432.730.28 1 Means within rows not followed by common superscript differ (P≤.05)

7. Effects of Supplementation Post-Kidding Doe Performance Treatments 1 Items1 (1%, 2%)2 (0%, 2%)3 (2%, 2%)4 (1%, 1%)SEM ScriptMHLHHHMM Kidding wt. kg49.7249.4952.1549.291.44 Kidding BCS2.332.342.412.500.13 Lactation wt kg 30-d kg42.9441.1942.9041.321.20 30-d BCS1.531.311.511.470.14 60-d kg41.8541.8042.0240.800.97 60-d BCS1.411.421.331.340.17 90-d kg42.4541.0741.5540.640.97 90-d BCS1.341.251.341.410.14 1 Means within rows not followed by common superscript differ (P≤.05)

8. Effect of Dam Supplementation Level Growth and Performance of Kids Treatments 1 Items1 (1%, 2%)2 (0%, 2%)3 (2%, 2%)4 (1%, 1%)SEM ScriptMHLHHHMM Birth weight, kg3.623.213.463.300.14 30-d kg7.888.11 7.910.37 60-d kg11.9312.8712.3912.330.58 90-d kg 2 14.2516.0415.9115.260.64 ADG kg Birth-30 –d.138.166.155.154.009 30-60-d.142.163.150.152.009 60-90-d.116 a.144 b.138 a,b.133 a,b.007 1 Means within rows not followed by common superscript differ (P≤.05) 2 Notter, D. 2009. The 2008 Kiko Goat National Genetic Evaluation. (Adjustment factors)

9. Effect of Dam Supplementation Level Growth and Performance of Male/Female Kids Gender 1 ItemsIntact MaleFemaleSEM Birth weight, kg3.57 a 3.22 b 0.09 30-d, kg8.54 a 7.46 b 0.25 60-d, kg13.37 a 11.38 b 0.39 90-d, kg16.63 a 14.10 b 0.43 ADG kg Birth-30 d0.165 a 0.142 b 0.007 30-60 d0.163 a 0.140 b 0.006 60-90 d0.144 a 0.121 b 0.005 1 Means within rows not followed by common superscript differ (P≤.05)

10. Daily Hay Disappearance for Does in Late Gestation Treatments 1 Intake as fed1 (1%, 2%)2 (0%, 2%)3 (2%,2%)4 (1%,1%)SEM ScriptMHLHHHMM 0-14 d, kg1.241.251.151.390.08 14-28 d, kg1.731.721.691.730.04 28-42 d, kg1.631.691.741.770.08 42-56 d, kg1.721.671.79 0.09 0-28 d, kg1.491.501.431.570.05 28-56 d, kg1.601.701.721.830.07 0-56 d, kg1.591.62 1.720.05 1 Means within rows not followed by common superscript differ (P≤.05)

11. Remarks Late gestation supplement levels use in this trial did not affect growth and performance of meat goat does or kids.

12. References Data analyzed by one way analysis of variance using mixed model procedures (SAS, 2003). Notter, D. 2009. The 2008 Kiko Goat National Genetic Evaluation. Kiko Goat NSIP Notebook No. 1, National Sheep Improvement Program, Centennial, Co, 12 pp.

13. Questions Soybean Hulls Chopped Mixed Hay

14. Table-1: Effects of Supplementation on Doe Performance Treatments 1 Items1 (1%, 2%)2 (0%, 2%)3 (2%, 2%)4 (1%, 1%)SEM ScriptMHLHHHMM Initial Wt kg49.2948.6746.8748.163.30 Initial BCS2.332.582.422.580.17 Amt fed0.45kg + 0.9kg0.0kg + 0.9kg0.9kg + 0.9kg0.45kg + 0.45kg 1 Means within rows not followed by common superscript differ (P≤.05) Average initial BW (48.2 ± 3.3 kg)