1. Dr. Waseem Anwar Education in Pakistan Education in Pakistan

2. 2 Contents PART - I Definition of Education Constitution of Pakistan PART – II Education Scenario Education Policy

3. 3 Definition of Education The definition of education in common usage, that education is merely the delivery of knowledge, skills and information from teachers to students, is inadequate to capture what is really important about being and becoming educated.

4. 4 The proper definition of education is the process of becoming an educated person. Being an educated person means you have access to optimal states of mind regardless of the situation you are in.

5. 5 Constitution of Pakistan

6. 6 Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, 1973 – Article 37-b The State shall remove illiteracy and provide free and compulsory secondary education within minimum possible period

7. 7 Curriculum, syllabus, planning, policy, centers of excellence, standard of education & Islamic education Concurrent Legislative List:

8. 8 PART – II EDUCATION SCENARIO

9. 9 Human Development Index CountryRanking (out of 177 countries) 200520062007 Iran999694 Sri Lanka939399 Maldives9698100 India127126128 Bhutan134135133 Pakistan135134136 Bangladesh139137140 Nepal136138142

10. 10 Literacy Rates Literacy Definition (As in 1998 Census) The ability of a person who can read a newspaper and write a simple letter in any language

11. 11 Literacy Rates PAKISTAN = 55 % ( Male = 67 %,Female = 42%) Province Literacy Rate Punjab= 60.2% Sindh = 57.7% NWFP = 49.9% Balochistan = 48.8%

12. 12 Educational Institutions by Level LevelTotalPublicPrivate Pre-primary 1,081287794 Mosque school 14,12314,03588 Primary 122,349105,52616,823 Middle 38,44914,33424,115 Secondary 25,09010,55014,540 British System 28111270 NFBE 4,8312,0082,823 Inter & Degree Colleges 1,8821,025857 Universities 1165957 Technical/ Professional 1257426831 Vocational 3,0599162,143 Deeni Madaris 12,15335411,799 Others 3,1202,241879 TOTAL 227,791151,77(67%)76,019 (33 %)

13. 13 Institutions by Medium of Instruction Type # of Institutions Urdu English SindhiOthers Total227,791 14806 2277 3416 22779 Public151,744 103,186 3,035 33,384 12,139 Private76,047 43,347 21,29 3,521 9,886

14. 14 EDUCATION POLICY OF PAKISTAN

15. 15 Challenges Weakened Governance Fragmentation Lack of Clarity in Inter-Tier Relationships Poor Quality of Teachers & Managers Quality of curriculum, textbooks & exams Low level of literacy Out of school children Dropouts

16. 16 Challenges Public Private Partnership In-adequate financing Gender Equity Poor monitoring & evaluation Imbalance in primary, middle & secondary schools Inconvenient school location

17. 17 SALIENT FEATURES OF NATIONAL EDUCATION PLAN Universal and Free Primary and Secondary Education Promotion of Equity Minimum National Standards Relevance to Labour Market Sector Planning Financial allocation of 7% of GDP by 2018 Encourage Private sector Link Allocations to Definition of Free Education Improve Planning, Management and Implementation Capacity Donor Harmonisation Overcoming Fragmented Governance

18. 18 SALIENT FEATURES OF NATIONAL EDUCATION PLAN Bridging the Public Private Divide Improved Examination System Introduction of Early Childhood Education (3-5 years) & inclusive education. Achieve the MDG goals. All Primary schools shall be upgraded to Middle level Well developed plan for expanding school facilities. High priority to reducing drop out rates Improved school environment Career Counselling at higher secondary level Develop national literacy curriculum Enhance qualifications for employment as teachers

19. 19 SALIENT FEATURES OF NATIONAL EDUCATION PLAN Pre-service & in-service teacher training Accreditation and certification of teachers Merit based teacher recruitment, professional development, promotions & postings Curriculum development Competitive publishing of textbooks and learning materials District Education Boards to be established for managing schools Separate management & academic cadres

20. 20 Non-DevelopmentDevelopmentTotal 1. Ministry of Education1,824.4263,122.4594,946.885 2. Higher Education Commission 7,045.6089,104.43616,150.044 (Rs. in million) Allocation of Funds to Education: Year 2009-10 3. Major Projects under Ministry of Education a. Madaris Reforms (Teaching of formal subjects in Madaris)1449.000 b. Education Sector Reforms Program800.00 c. Establishment of 82,000 Community Schools in Pakistan AJK and FATA 170.510 d. Science Education Project (Phase-II) ADB assisted FCU84.670 e. National Education Assessment System (NEAS)71.530 f. Establishment of Cadet College Zhob at Qilla Saifullah50.000 Continue…

21. 21 g. Establishment of Cadet College Panjgur50.000 h. Upgradation of FG Secondary Educational Institutions to the level of Islamabad Model Colleges 45.000 i. Upgradation of FG Elementary Educational Institutions to the level of Islamabad Model Schools 40.000 j. Establishment of 350 Community Schools in hard to reach areas of FATA (NORAD assisted) 39.329 (Rs. In million)

22. 22 1. Tripartite Partnership: The role of family, the community and the State. All need to be mobilized. 2. Free Education Upto Matriculation: 3. Provision of Free Textbooks: 4. Grant of Scholarships and Incentives to Girl Students: 5. Availability and Accessibility of Schools Particularly in Rural Areas. Future Plans for Education in Pakistan Continue…

23. 23 6. Teachers Status and Recruitment of Female Teachers: Better status and pay for teachers. Experience has demonstrated that schools with female teachers function well particularly at Primary level. 7. Improvement in Learning Environment: Better infrastructure through School Management Councils. 8. Technical / Vocational Education: It is important to provide demand related skills. 9. Instructional Methods: Emphasis must be given on development of analytical faculties of the students. Continue…

24. 24 10. Teachers Training and Knowledge: To improve teachers knowledge of the subject and equip them with a wide repertoire of teaching skills. 11. English Language: Introduction of English from Class – I. Future policy reforms will emphasize the teaching of science subjects in English at public secondary schools.

25. 25 Thank You All