1. www.icbl.hw.ac.uk Interoperability with virtual learning environments - The Digital Library – VLE integration case - Joining Up: Virtual Learning Environments Digital Libraries and Interoperability Issues Santy Chumbe

2. www.icbl.hw.ac.uk Interoperability with virtual learning environments - The Digital Library – VLE integration case - Virtual Learning Environment (VLE) Commercial, e.g. Blackboard Open Source, e.g. Moodle students teacher Web server Internet content pages, discussion forums, chat, quizzes and exercises, etc. * Perhaps “A Virtual Environment of Learning” ?

3. www.icbl.hw.ac.uk Interoperability with virtual learning environments - The Digital Library – VLE integration case - Digital Library (DL) ”scientific academic scholar“ The digital library vision: "Universal Access to Human Knowledge" A digital library (DL) is a unified, coherent, organized collection of learning and teaching resources, usually accessible via the Internet. Wait a minute!

4. www.icbl.hw.ac.uk Interoperability with virtual learning environments - The Digital Library – VLE integration case - Digital Library (DL) Is there really such a Digital Library (DL)? Have you used one before? No and Yes (Hybrid DLs) Unified (a single point access) Coherent (always valid metadata) Organized (e-journals, books, theses, etc.) Internet

5. www.icbl.hw.ac.uk Interoperability with virtual learning environments - The Digital Library – VLE integration case - Is DL just about search ("can I find it?") and access ("can I get it?“)? Digital Library (DL) That is basic and important, but DL is also about: Long term preservation "googlization" of digital libraries ? Community (knowledge exchange ) Institutional Repositories Interoperability (VLEs)

6. www.icbl.hw.ac.uk Interoperability with virtual learning environments - The Digital Library – VLE integration case - Scenario : a lecturer wants to provide some background reading for her students by making a list of some relevant reading resources Catalogue Library File Upload VLE without embedded DL (the ‘traditional’ way?) VLE – DL Integration

7. www.icbl.hw.ac.uk Interoperability with virtual learning environments - The Digital Library – VLE integration case - VLE with embedded DL DL middleware VLE system VLE DL -OPAC -Google -Scirus -e-Jurnals -etc Scenario : a lecturer wants to provide some background reading for her students by making a list of some relevant reading resources VLE – DL Integration

8. www.icbl.hw.ac.uk Interoperability with virtual learning environments - The Digital Library – VLE integration case - What are the big challenges for effective VLE-DL integration? VLEs are still monolithic and closed enterprise- level-applications, making difficult the integration of their native functionality with external services such as a DL We do need open and effective DL implementations ( “first operability, then interoperability” )

9. www.icbl.hw.ac.uk Interoperability with virtual learning environments - The Digital Library – VLE integration case - “Rigid computer systems played a big part in the decline of the British motor industry and the eventual collapse of Rovers” MG XPower SV Prof. Matthias Holweg, author of “Who Killed MG Rover?” Normandy Fort, France, which was an almost immediate white elephant when it was built, because the Napoleonic wars ended before it was completed.

10. www.icbl.hw.ac.uk Interoperability with virtual learning environments - The Digital Library – VLE integration case - How integration is possible in life? Plug and Play ! Standards and Norms

11. www.icbl.hw.ac.uk Interoperability with virtual learning environments - The Digital Library – VLE integration case - VLE – DL Integration VLE : Content created using standard e-Learning Objects (EEE LOM, SCORM, IMS CP) DL : Software developed using DL reference models (5Ss) DL : Content created using metadata standards for harvesting, retrieving and searching (OAI, Z39.50, SRU) are both partners ready for marriage? I deally both, VLE and DL, are SOA -compliant.

12. www.icbl.hw.ac.uk Interoperability with virtual learning environments - The Digital Library – VLE integration case - VLE : Full (client) Web Services support (SOAP / REST (XML, HTTP)) DL : Full (server) Web Services support (SOAP / REST (XML, HTTP)) VLE – DL Integration are both partners ready for marriage? Middleware : SOA compliant with full XML support. DL : e-Publishing identification and retrieving (DOI, openURL, crossRef)

13. www.icbl.hw.ac.uk Interoperability with virtual learning environments - The Digital Library – VLE integration case - SRU server SRU client SOA middleware PerX and Blackboard VLE Integration Diagram PHP/Apache Java/Tomcat VLE – DL Integration

14. www.icbl.hw.ac.uk Interoperability with virtual learning environments - The Digital Library – VLE integration case - VLE-DL integration using WS and SOA is a "future-proof“ solution. Technical joined up-ness? Connect to third-party databases and full-text services without inputting my ID and password Availability of standards, models and specifications for DLs and VLEs Proprietary solutions are now beginning to appear (Building Blocks (Blackboard), PowerLinks (WebCT)) Search and access e-learning objects directly from and within VLE’s modules See the library status of items on reading lists without going into the library catalogue Read around in the ‘research’ literature (inter-linking) Availability of standards, models and specifications for DLs and VLEs VLE-DL integration using WS and SOA is a "future-proof“ solution. Proprietary solutions are now beginning to appear (Building Blocks (Blackboard), PowerLinks (WebCT)) Search and access e-learning objects directly from and within VLE’s modules See the library status of items on reading lists without going into the library catalogue Read around in the ‘research’ literature (inter-linking) Connect to third-party databases and full-text services without inputting my ID and password

15. www.icbl.hw.ac.uk Interoperability with virtual learning environments - The Digital Library – VLE integration case - References A little bit "old" but still a good book to understand the principles of DL http://portal.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=863700 DL study at Master and Phd Levels: http://portal.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=1141787 An early experience of VLE-DL integration in the UK: http://library.ulster.ac.uk/4i/deliverables/outputs/Uhomoibhi%20Informatica.pdf Practical experiences: Creating VLE content with standards http://www.reload.ac.uk/interop.html

16. www.icbl.hw.ac.uk Interoperability with virtual learning environments - The Digital Library – VLE integration case - Metadata standards Digital objects: EEE LOM, SCORM, IMS CP Interoperability: OAI-PMH, Z39,50, SRU SOA (Service-oriented architecture) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Service-oriented_architecture Web Services (SOAP, REST (SRU/SRW)) http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/freeabs_all.jsp?arnumber=991449 http://www.ariadne.ac.uk/issue40/morgan/ Standards and Specifications

17. www.icbl.hw.ac.uk Interoperability with virtual learning environments - The Digital Library – VLE integration case - Thank you santiago@macs.hw.ac.uk These slides are available at: http://www.icbl.hw.ac.uk/~santiago/vle-dl/ Please tell us what you think of VLE-DL integration http://www.techxtra.ac.uk/index.html?action=feedback (http://business.scotsman.com/ebusiness.cfm?id=207612007 ) A pilot for VLE-DL integration at HWU, is here: http://vleap2.hw.ac.uk