1. Research Process The How-to… Dr. Miller, TE 432/5432 Special Methods

2. I. Section 1: Purpose  Clearly state the background to the problem and what you hope to accomplish through the research.  Be clear and succinct about the type of qualitative inquiry you intend to use (e.g., narrative, phenomenology, grounded theory, ethnography, critical, or case study, Merriam, p. 38) and why you intend to use it and how it is important for your investigation.

3. Questions and Sub-questions  Pose focus questions you intend to explore and provide sub-questions if appropriate.  Set delimiters- I.e., the scope of the study will focus on this, but not that. e.g., RQ: How can a geo-history help to inform students about becoming change agents? delimiters: (a). How did the real estate industry prior to the changes under the FHA in KC, MO generate inequitable neighborhoods east of Troost? (b). What impact did this have on students’ self perceptions at Central High School?

4. II. Section 2: Literature Review/Theoretical Framework  Provide previous key studies in related fields from which you situate your study.  Cite studies that help to frame (also known as a theoretical framework) or narrow down the context of your research (see Merriam, pp. 74-75).  Lit review info Lit review info  Lit review 2 Lit review 2

5. III. Section 3: Method of Data Collection  Describe how you conducted your research-- what you did to gather your data: i.e., literature, field notes, observations, interviews, digital stories, cultural autobiographies, life histories, diversity workshops, group interviews/interviews (highly structured/semistructured/unstructured/informal) surveys (See Qualtrics), questionnaires, spatial mapping, cross- cultural interviews, journaling, activist assignments, mining documents: (public records, personal, pop culture, visual) physical/material/identity artifacts…Qualtrics  If this is just research based in articles or texts, then state that

6. IRB- Institutional Review Board protecting human subjects  For more details see: http://www.iup.edu/page.aspx?id=6637 http://www.iup.edu/page.aspx?id=6637  Review exemptions and expedition  Review sample IRB

7. Sampling  Purposeful or criterion-based selection: selecting participants that are useful to the purpose of your study (e.g., typical, unique, atypical, convenience, snowball/chain/network, theoretical sampling, or rare attributes)  How many? Discuss…

8. Data Analysis  Describe how you made sense of your data. Did you put it through any particular method of analysis such as critical discourse analysis (Bakhtin, 1981 1986; Foucault, 1986; Rogers, 2004; Wetherell et al., 2001), conversational analysis (Wetherell et al., 2001), matrix analysis (Miller, 2008), rhizomatic analysis (Leander, 2006) )sociolinguistic and corpus analysis, and feminist analysis ?  Constant compare/contrast: taxonomies, themes

9. IV. Section 4: Findings  Describe what you found as it relates to the literature review through rich, thick description (Merriam, pp. 28-99 and 44- 44)

10. V. Section V: Reflection/conclusion  Synthesize what you found.  How can these findings add to the conversation?  Pose questions for future research  Draw conclusions that lead to further thinking and future considerations

11. Works Cited  Create a properly formatted works cited in either APA or MLA  Bakhtin, M. M. (1981). The dialogical imagination: Four essays by M.M. Bakhtin (M.Holquist & C. Emerson, Trans.). Austin: University of Texas Press.  ———. (1986). Speech genres and other late essays (V.W. McGee, Trans). C. Emerson & M. Holquist (Eds.). Austin: Texas University Press.  Cochran-Smith, M. (2001). Higher standards for prospective teachers: What’s missing from the discourse? Journal of Teacher Education, 52(3), 179-181.  deLauretis, T (1987). Technologies of gender: Essays on theory, film, and fiction. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.  Freire, P. (1970). Pedagogy of the oppressed. New York: Continuum Publishing.  Goodlad, J.I. (1990). Teachers for our nations schools. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

12. Formatting  Be sure to know your format and follow the expectations for formatting exactly: MLA or APA

13. Misc  Add figures, tables, pics  Include an abstract- overview of the study abstract-  Add a title  On interviews, takes extra pencils, batteries, forms, cds, tapes, leave early/plan to stay late)

14. Proposals for Conferences  Review NCTE proposal  Review NCTEAR proposal  http://nctear2010pittsburgh.wetpaint.com/ http://nctear2010pittsburgh.wetpaint.com/  Be sure to include all aspects of what is being asked of you in the submission process