1. AMPHIBIANS
HOLT BIOLOGY
CH. 30 Pg

2. CHARACTERISTIC OF AMPHIBIANS
LEGS (most)

3. CHARACTERISTIC OF AMPHIBIANS
LEGS (most)
LUNGS

4. CHARACTERISTIC OF AMPHIBIANS
LEGS (most)
LUNGS
DOUBLE-LOOP CIRCULATION

5. CHARACTERISTIC OF AMPHIBIANS
LEGS (most)
LUNGS
DOUBLE-LOOP CIRCULATION
PARTIALLY DIVIDED HEART

6. CHARACTERISTIC OF AMPHIBIANS
LEGS (most)
LUNGS
DOUBLE-LOOP CIRCULATION
PARTIALLY DIVIDED HEART
CUTANEOUS (skin) RESPIRATION
Live on land, but must stay close to water

7. MOVEMENT AND RESPONSE
Strong endoskeleton needed to support gravity on land

8. MOVEMENT AND RESPONSE
Strong endoskeleton needed to support gravity on land
Good sense of hearing and sight

9. MOVEMENT AND RESPONSE
Strong endoskeleton needed to support gravity on land
Good sense of hearing and sight
Hunting

10. MOVEMENT AND RESPONSE
Strong endoskeleton needed to support gravity on land
Good sense of hearing and sight
Hunting
Avoid predators

11. MOVEMENT AND RESPONSE
Strong endoskeleton needed to support gravity on land
Good sense of hearing and sight
Hunting
Avoid predators
Eye covered in third eyelid (NICTITATING MEMBRANE)

12. MOVEMENT AND RESPONSE
Strong endoskeleton needed to support gravity on land
Good sense of hearing and sight
Hunting
Avoid predators
Eye covered in third eyelid (NICTITATING MEMBRANE)
Inner ear detects sound transmitted through TYMPANIC MEMBRANE-vibration sent through fluid, tiny sensitive hairs then to nerves

13. RESPIRATION
Amphibians get oxygen from

14. RESPIRATION
Amphibians get oxygen from
Skin

15. RESPIRATION
Amphibians get oxygen from
Skin
Lungs

16. RESPIRATION
Amphibians get oxygen from
Skin
Lungs
Mouth

17. RESPIRATION
Amphibians get oxygen from
Skin
Lungs
Mouth
LUNGS

18. RESPIRATION Amphibians get oxygen from LUNGS Skin Lungs Mouth
Larval state has gills

19. RESPIRATION Amphibians get oxygen from LUNGS Skin Lungs Mouth
Larval state has gills
Most adults breathe with lungs

20. RESPIRATION Amphibians get oxygen from LUNGS Skin Lungs Mouth
Larval state has gills
Most adults breathe with lungs
Bag-like organ that allows for exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide

21. RESPIRATION Amphibians get oxygen from LUNGS Skin Lungs Mouth
Larval state has gills
Most adults breathe with lungs
Bag-like organ that allows for exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide
Great surface area (due to folds in tissue)

22. RESPIRATION Amphibians get oxygen from LUNGS Skin Lungs Mouth
Larval state has gills
Most adults breathe with lungs
Bag-like organ that allows for exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide
Great surface area (due to folds in tissue)
Lower bottom jaw to draw air in, lift lower jaw to force waste gas out

23. RESPIRATION Amphibians get oxygen from LUNGS Skin Lungs Mouth
Larval state has gills
Most adults breathe with lungs
Bag-like organ that allows for exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide
Great surface area (due to folds in tissue)
Lower bottom jaw to draw air in, lift lower jaw to force waste gas out
20 times more oxygen than water

24. RESPIRATION
SKIN (CUTANEOUS BREATHING)

25. RESPIRATION
SKIN (CUTANEOUS BREATHING)
Skin is thin and moist

26. RESPIRATION SKIN (CUTANEOUS BREATHING) Skin is thin and moist
Gases passed right through skin

27. RESPIRATION SKIN (CUTANEOUS BREATHING) Skin is thin and moist
Gases passed right through skin
Mucous glands help keep skin moist

28. CIRCULATION
More efficient than fish

29. CIRCULATION
More efficient than fish
PARTIALLY DIVIDED HEART

30. CIRCULATION More efficient than fish PARTIALLY DIVIDED HEART
SEPTUM (wall) divides top (ATRIA) of heart

31. CIRCULATION More efficient than fish PARTIALLY DIVIDED HEART
SEPTUM (wall) divides top (ATRIA) of heart
Blood MIXES (oxygen rich and oxygen poor) in VENTRICLES

32. CIRCULATION More efficient than fish PARTIALLY DIVIDED HEART
SEPTUM (wall) divides top (ATRIA) of heart
Blood MIXES (oxygen rich and oxygen poor) in VENTRICLES
SEE PG. 742 DIAGRAM

33. CIRCULATION More efficient than fish PARTIALLY DIVIDED HEART
SEPTUM (wall) divides top (ATRIA) of heart
Blood MIXES (oxygen rich and oxygen poor) in VENTRICLES
SEE PG. 742 DIAGRAM
Ventricle contracts and sends blood to vessels of rest of body

34. CIRCULATION
DOUBLE LOOP CIRCULATION

35. CIRCULATION DOUBLE LOOP CIRCULATION
See pg. 743 (compare fish to amphibians)

36. CIRCULATION DOUBLE LOOP CIRCULATION
See pg. 743 (compare fish to amphibians)
PULMONARY VEINS-carry oxygen rich blood from lungs to heart

37. CIRCULATION DOUBLE LOOP CIRCULATION
See pg. 743 (compare fish to amphibians)
PULMONARY VEINS-carry oxygen rich blood from lungs to heart
Second loop carries oxygen rich blood from heart to body

38. CIRCULATION DOUBLE LOOP CIRCULATION
See pg. 743 (compare fish to amphibians)
PULMONARY VEINS-carry oxygen rich blood from lungs to heart
Second loop carries oxygen rich blood from heart to body
High pressure

39. GROUPS OF AMPHIBIANS
3 main groups

40. GROUPS OF AMPHIBIANS
3 main groups
SALAMANDERS (have legs and tail)

41. GROUPS OF AMPHIBIANS 3 main groups SALAMANDERS (have legs and tail)
CAECILLIAN (no legs)

42. GROUPS OF AMPHIBIANS 3 main groups SALAMANDERS (have legs and tail)
CAECILLIAN (no legs)
FROGS/TOADS (legs, no tail)

43. SALAMANDERS
Long tail

44. MUDPUPPY

45. NEWT

46. SALAMANDERS
Long tail
Smooth, moist skin

47. SALAMANDERS
Long tail
Smooth, moist skin
400 species

48. SALAMANDERS Long tail Smooth, moist skin 400 species
Need to keep skin moist

49. SALAMANDERS Long tail Smooth, moist skin 400 species
Need to keep skin moist
Active during night

50. SALAMANDERS Long tail Smooth, moist skin 400 species
Need to keep skin moist
Active during night
Tongues that extend to capture prey

51. SALAMANDERS Long tail Smooth, moist skin 400 species
Need to keep skin moist
Active during night
Tongues that extend to capture prey
Lay eggs in water/moist areas

52. SALAMANDERS Long tail Smooth, moist skin 400 species
Need to keep skin moist
Active during night
Tongues that extend to capture prey
Lay eggs in water/moist areas
External fertilization

53. SALAMANDERS Long tail Smooth, moist skin 400 species
Need to keep skin moist
Active during night
Tongues that extend to capture prey
Lay eggs in water/moist areas
External fertilization
Female picks up sperm packet and fertilizes self

54. SALAMANDERS Long tail Smooth, moist skin 400 species
Need to keep skin moist
Active during night
Tongues that extend to capture prey
Lay eggs in water/moist areas
External fertilization
Female picks up sperm packet and fertilizes self
Some retain gills into adulthood (MUD PUPPIES)

55. CAECILIANS
Burrowing amphibians (some aquatic)

56. CAECILLIAN

57. CAECILIANS Burrowing amphibians (some aquatic)
Bony scales imbedded in skin

58. CAECILIANS Burrowing amphibians (some aquatic)
Bony scales imbedded in skin
Wormlike

59. CAECILIANS Burrowing amphibians (some aquatic)
Bony scales imbedded in skin
Wormlike
Most blind

60. CAECILIANS Burrowing amphibians (some aquatic)
Bony scales imbedded in skin
Wormlike
Most blind
Teeth capture prey (worms/insects)

61. CAECILIANS Burrowing amphibians (some aquatic)
Bony scales imbedded in skin
Wormlike
Most blind
Teeth capture prey (worms/insects)
Tentacle to sense chemicals given off by prey

62. CAECILIANS Burrowing amphibians (some aquatic)
Bony scales imbedded in skin
Wormlike
Most blind
Teeth capture prey (worms/insects)
Tentacle to sense chemicals given off by prey
Male deposits sperm packet into female

63. CAECILIANS Burrowing amphibians (some aquatic)
Bony scales imbedded in skin
Wormlike
Most blind
Teeth capture prey (worms/insects)
Tentacle to sense chemicals given off by prey
Male deposits sperm packet into female
Female guards eggs until hatched

64. FROGS/TOADS
4,000 species (ANURANS)

65. FROGS/TOADS 4,000 species (ANURANS)
Adults are carnivores (eat small prey)

66. FROGS/TOADS 4,000 species (ANURANS)
Adults are carnivores (eat small prey)
Long sticky tongue

67. FROGS/TOADS 4,000 species (ANURANS)
Adults are carnivores (eat small prey)
Long sticky tongue
Skeleton adapted for jumping (fused lower spine)

68. FROGS/TOADS 4,000 species (ANURANS)
Adults are carnivores (eat small prey)
Long sticky tongue
Skeleton adapted for jumping (fused lower spine)
Muscular legs for power

69. FROGS/TOADS 4,000 species (ANURANS)
Adults are carnivores (eat small prey)
Long sticky tongue
Skeleton adapted for jumping (fused lower spine)
Muscular legs for power
Frog-smooth skin, toad-bumpy skin

70. FROGS/TOADS 4,000 species (ANURANS)
Adults are carnivores (eat small prey)
Long sticky tongue
Skeleton adapted for jumping (fused lower spine)
Muscular legs for power
Frog-smooth skin, toad-bumpy skin
Male fertilizes eggs externally

71. FROGS/TOADS 4,000 species (ANURANS)
Adults are carnivores (eat small prey)
Long sticky tongue
Skeleton adapted for jumping (fused lower spine)
Muscular legs for power
Frog-smooth skin, toad-bumpy skin
Male fertilizes eggs externally
TADPOLES hatch from eggs

72. FROGS/TOADS 4,000 species (ANURANS)
Adults are carnivores (eat small prey)
Long sticky tongue
Skeleton adapted for jumping (fused lower spine)
Muscular legs for power
Frog-smooth skin, toad-bumpy skin
Male fertilizes eggs externally
TADPOLES hatch from eggs
Have gills for breathing

73. FROGS/TOADS 4,000 species (ANURANS)
Adults are carnivores (eat small prey)
Long sticky tongue
Skeleton adapted for jumping (fused lower spine)
Muscular legs for power
Frog-smooth skin, toad-bumpy skin
Male fertilizes eggs externally
TADPOLES hatch from eggs
Have gills for breathing
Eat algae

74. FROGS/TOADS 4,000 species (ANURANS)
Adults are carnivores (eat small prey)
Long sticky tongue
Skeleton adapted for jumping (fused lower spine)
Muscular legs for power
Frog-smooth skin, toad-bumpy skin
Male fertilizes eggs externally
TADPOLES hatch from eggs
Have gills for breathing
Eat algae
Hind legs develop

75. FROGS/TOADS 4,000 species (ANURANS)
Adults are carnivores (eat small prey)
Long sticky tongue
Skeleton adapted for jumping (fused lower spine)
Muscular legs for power
Frog-smooth skin, toad-bumpy skin
Male fertilizes eggs externally
TADPOLES hatch from eggs
Have gills for breathing
Eat algae
Hind legs develop
METAMORPHOSIS