1. Unit 5 Notes for GLI#5
Explain that multi-cellular organisms have a variety of specialized cells, tissues, organs, and organs systems that perform specialized functions.

2. Learning Target #1: I can describe cell theory.
I. Three concepts of cell theory. A. Every living thing is made of one or more cells. B. Cells carry out the functions needed to support life. C. Cells come only from other living cells.

3. Learning Target #1: I can describe cell theory.
II. All living things are made of cells. A. The cell is the smallest unit of a living things. 1. Unicellular-organisms that are made of a single cell. a. cannot see without a microscope. b. single-celled organisms perform all the activities that characterize life.

4. Learning Target #1: I can describe cell theory.
2. Multicellular- organisms that are made of many cells.
a. most you can see without any type of aide.
b. different parts of multicellular organisms perform different functions
c. different types of cells work together to help the organism to meet its need.
Ex. Muscles cells help an organism move.

5. Learning Target #1: I can describe cell theory.
III. Cells carry out the functions needed to support life. A. Functions of life (aka the characteristics of life) 1. Organization- organized in a way that enables it to meet its needs. a. All cells have parts to it that have a specific function. 2. The ability to grow and develop 3. The ability to respond to the environment 4. The ability to reproduce

6. Learning Target #1: I can describe cell theory.
IV. Cells come from other cells. A. Cells Divide to make more cells B. One cell divides into two cells

7. Questions 1-3 and 5 on page 15
Name four characteristics of living things.
All living things have some sort of organization, grow and develop, respond to environment, and reproduce.
How did the microscope change human understanding of life?
It allowed people to see cells. Before the microscope humans did not realize that life could be so small.
Explain the three concepts that make up the cell theory.
The three concepts that make up the cell theory included every living thing is make of one or more cells; cells carry out the functions needed to support life; cells come only form other living cells.

8. Unicellular Multicellular Question #5 Need energy Materials
Space to live
Carry out life functions
One cell
Cannot be seen directly
Many cells
Complex
Easier to see

9. Learning Target #2: I can describe how organisms are classified by cell types.
I. Organisms can be classified by their cell type A. Most organisms on Earth are single cell. B. Domain- a broad category of living things that is based on characteristics of their cells. 1. Three domains a. Archaea- single cell organisms that look like bacteria but are different genetically 1. Prokaryotes- contains no organelles, genetic material mixed into cytoplasm

10. Learning Target #2: I can describe how organisms are classified by cell types.
b. Bacteria- single cell organisms. 1. Prokaryotes- contains no organelles, genetic material mixed into cytoplasm c. Eukaryotes- 1. Organisms that have cell structures called organelles 2. Genetic material in chromosomes found in nucleus of cell.

11. Learning Target #3: I can explain specialization of cells
I. Cells in multicellular organisms are specialized. A. Most multicellular organisms have many different types of cells 1. ex: blood cells, nerve cells, and muscle cells.

12. Learning Target #3: I can explain specialization of cells
B. Cells have specialization 1. specific cells perform specific functions a. blood cells carry oxygen and fight infection b. muscles cells move an organism c. In plants, certain cells do photosynthesis, others draw water from soil, while others support the weight of the plant.

13. Learning Target #4: I can explain how cells, tissues, and organs are organized into systems.
I. A multicellular organism is a community of cells. A. Tissue- a group of similar cells that are organized to do a specific job. B. Organ- different tissues working together to perform a specific function. a. the eye is composed of different tissues that work together to allow sight. b. a leaf is composed of different tissues that provides a plant with energy and materials.

14. Learning Target #4: I can explain how cells, tissues, and organs are organized into systems.
C. Organ system- different organs working together.
a. the digestive system is an organ system. The mouth, stomach, liver, intestines, etc. all work together to get energy from food.

15. Learning Target #4: I can explain how cells, tissues, and organs are organized into systems.
D. Organism- highest level of organization.
a. see all the characteristics of life.
1. organization
2. the ability to develop and grow
3. the ability to respond to the environment
4. the ability to reproduce. 
E. Organization
Cells Tissues Organ Organ System Organism

16. Learning Target #5: I can demonstrate the basic functions of organ systems.
I. Organ Systems A. Respiratory System 1. Function- to provide gas exchange between the blood and the environment. Primarily, oxygen is absorbed from the atmosphere into the body and carbon dioxide is removed from the body. 2. Major Organs-Nose, trachea and lungs

17. Learning Target #5: I can demonstrate the basic functions of organ systems.

18. Learning Target #5: I can demonstrate the basic functions of organ systems.
B. Skeleton System
1. Function-to provide support for the body, to protect delicate internal organs and to provide attachment sites for the organs
2. Major Organs-Bones, cartilage, tendons and ligaments

19. Learning Target #5: I can demonstrate the basic functions of organ systems.
C. Nervous System 1. Function-to relay electrical signals through the body. The nervous system directs behavior and movement and, along with the endocrine system, controls physiological processes such as digestion, circulation, etc. 2. Major Organs-Brain, spinal cord and nerves

20. Learning Target #5: I can demonstrate the basic functions of organ systems.

21. Learning Target #5: I can demonstrate the basic functions of organ systems.
D. Endocrine System 1. Function-to relay chemical messages through the body. In conjunction with the nervous system, these chemical messages help control physiological processes such as nutrient absorption, growth, etc. 2. Major Organs-hypothalamus, pituitary, thyroid, pancreas and adrenal glands

22. Learning Target #5: I can demonstrate the basic functions of organ systems.
E. Muscular System
1. Function-is to provide movement.  Muscles work in pairs to move limbs and provide the organism with mobility.  Muscles also control the movement of materials through some organs, such as the stomach and intestine, and the heart and circulatory system.
2. Major Organs-Skeletal muscles and smooth muscles throughout the body.

23. Learning Target #5: I can demonstrate the basic functions of organ systems.

24. Learning Target #5: I can demonstrate the basic functions of organ systems.
F. Digestive System
1. Function-to breakdown and absorb nutrients that are necessary for growth and maintenance
2. Major Organs-Mouth, esophagus, stomach, small and large intestines

25. Learning Target #5: I can demonstrate the basic functions of organ systems.

26. Learning Target #5: I can demonstrate the basic functions of organ systems.
G. Reproductive System
1. Function-to manufacture cells that allow reproduction
2. Major Organs-ovaries and testes

27. Learning Target #5: I can demonstrate the basic functions of organ systems.
H. Immune System 1. Function- to destroy and remove invading microbes and viruses from the body 2. Major Organs-Lymph, lymph nodes and vessels, white blood cells

28. Learning Target #5: I can demonstrate the basic functions of organ systems.