1. 1 EU STRUCTURAL FUNDS AND COMPETITIVENESS CAN THE CELTIC TIGER COME TO HUNGARY?

2. KEY POINTS 2 The Hungarian and Irish situations involve similarities and differences Structural funds can help Hungarian competitiveness, but as part of a package, not alone and not immediately An integrated Hungarian strategy within and across business and government is therefore the key

3. DIFFERENT ENLARGEMENTS, DIFFERENT TIMES 3 Enlargement date Countries joiningPopulation % added GDP per head, entrants as % of existing average 1973Britain, Denmark, Ireland33.495.5 1981Greece3.748.4 1986Portugal, Spain17.862.2 1995Austria, Finland, Sweden6.3103.6 2004*Cyprus, Czech Republic, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Poland, Slovakia, Slovenia, Hungary 19.646.5 *2003 data Source: The Economist, May 1 st, 2004

4. IRELAND 1973, HUNGARY 2003 4 IrelandHungary c 1973c 2003 GDP Per Capita as a % of EU Average62.655.0 Exports as % of GDP42.662.0 Agriculture as a % of labour force22.86.2 Source:Eurostat, OECD & Hungarian Central Statistics Office

5. IRISH CONVERGENCE – SLOW COMING 5 GDP at current market prices per head of population, 1973-2003 (PPS; EUR-15 = 100 1) Source: Department of Finance Ireland, & Eurostat

6. WHAT CAUSED THE CELTIC TIGER? 6 Macro Policy Global Economy Enterprise Policy Structural Funds Labour Supply Infrastructure Single Market

7. 7 EU FUNDS INPUT IrelandHungary 1994-1999 (actual) % 2004-2006 (planned) % ERDF2,783.9 34.7 1,093.3 38.4 ESF2,058.9 25.6 354.8 12.5 EAGGF1,086.9 13.5 312.8 11.0 FIFG 48.1 0.6 4.4 0.2 Total Structural 5,977.9 74.51,765.3 62.0 Cohesion 1,495.6 18.6 994.1 34.9 Community Initiatives 555.0 6.9 88 3.1 8,028.5100%2,847100%

8. 8 IrelandHungary 1994-1999 (actual) 2004-2006 (planned) Total Funds 8,028m 2,847m Number of Years6 3 Population 3,656,854 10,117,000 Funds Per Year per Head36694 Note: Total Funds include structural funds, cohesion fund and community initiatives Source: Irish 1994-1999 NDP & 2000-2006 NDP; Final Implementation Reports 1994- 1999;Hungarian NDP 2004-2006 & A new partnership for cohesion, convergence competitiveness cooperation, EU Commission 2004 RELATIVE EU FUNDS INPUT

9. STRUCTURAL FUNDS AND A HUNGARIAN TIGER? 9 Structural funds will contribute, but not alone May take time Other things must be right also Have clear objectives, strategy Have an integrated plan at level of government, sectors and businesses

10. SOME GUIDES FOR BUSINESS Use to support your own strategy, dont be funds-driven Know what is available, from whom, what the criteria are, and what conditions attach Focus locally, not Brussels Have strong business representative organisations