1. Markku Markkula Towards Smart Regions and Cities
Pioneering EU Smart Regions,
Dipoli Espoo
26 April 2013
Markku Markkula
EU Committee of the Regions CoR,
Rapporteur on “Horizon 2020” and Rapporteur of “Closing the Innovation Divide”
Committee of the Regions:
Towards Smart Regions and Cities
There is a huge gap between the latest research knowledge and real life practice. What do we need to do to fill it? CoR has defined the following guidelines:
Europe needs pioneering regions to be forerunners in implementing the EU2020 and through that to invent the desired future.
Lifelong learning and the full use of ICT are cornerstones for this change of mindset towards entrepreneurship and innovation.
We need the dynamic understanding of regional innovation ecosystems where public, private and third sector learn to operate together. Modernize Triple Helix.
We need methodologies to mobilize public private partnerships and encourage especially people participations: user-driven open innovation & living labs.
We need to speed up the change by scalability & implementation.
Source: CoR Opinions

2. Markku Markkula, Aalto University & EU Committee of the Regions
11 June 2012
Regional Innovation Ecosystem
Aalto University Campus 2020
Nokia
Aalto
University
Rovio
Tapiola Garden
City
EIT ICT Lab
Laurea
Young entrepreneurial mindset
According to the plans, by 2020, there will be new investments of 4-5 billion €: metro, tunnel construction of ring road, other infra, housing, office and business buildings, public services, university buildings, sports and cultural facilities…

3. Aalto City Integrating Real and Virtual Worlds
Aalto University campus with its surrounding business and residence areas is the innovation hub of the Helsinki Region. This picture is based on the Energizing Urban Ecosystems research program. The program with its € 20 million multidisciplinary research integrates new science, art and business developments to working  in a virtual environment. Regional Information Modeling is the breakthrough dimension in this research. 

4. Regional Information Modeling
Building Information Modelling (BIM) is used in controlling single construction process in order to record physical and activity based features in a digital form. The resulting building information models become shared knowledge resources to support decision-making about a facility from earliest conceptual stages, through design and construction through its operational life and eventual demolition.
Regional Information Model can be considered as a similar presentation of a larger area of built environment, that can be further used e.g. for virtual city planning. Regional Information Model could be a reliable and trustworthy basis for lifetime engineering supporting new value adding activities and decision making.

5. Towards Regional Information Modeling (CdR CdR 104/2010 fin)
“Committee of the Regions (CoR) points out that management of the built environment and urban planning are sectors with a high impact on the local economy as well as on the quality of the living environment. New developments in information management can play a crucial role in achieving the goal of establishing an ambitious new climate regime. Building Information Modelling (BIM) is actively used in facility management to provide a digital representation of the physical and functional characteristics of a facility. The concepts of BIM should be extended to regional and urban planning. It could then serve as a shared knowledge resource for an area, forming a reliable basis for life-cycle analysis, user-driven business process development and value‑creating decision-making.”
OPINION of the Committee of the Regions on the DIGITAL AGENDA FOR EUROPE,
approved by the CoR Plenary on 6 October 2010

6. The Frame for Implementing Knowledge Triangle (Synergy between Research, Education and Innovation)
Source: Markku Markkula, article in the Knowledge Triangle book, 2013

7. The Hubconcepts™ - Innovation Hub Framework
Company and forum
driven activities
Public-private
partnerships
Public policy
“Smart
Handover”
National /Regional Innovation Policy
Research & Development Activities
Education (elementary to university)
Physical Infrastructure and Service Structures
Cluster Policies & Programs
Start-ups
Living Labs / Test-Beds
Incubation Environments
Anchors
Growth SMEs
First-class master plans
&
Innovation Hub concepts
complete each other
Technology Innovation Area
Biotech & Pharma Phase I
Residential Zone
Semiconductor Phase II
Semiconductor Phase I
Biotech & Pharma Phase II
Scientific Research and
Education Zone
Copyright and all rights reserved. 7

8. The Development Path of the Regional Innovation Ecosystem (RIE)
Development of National or Regional Innovation System
Public support
Stage 2: Initiating transformation
towards RIE
Stage 3: Orchestration for global business
Stage 1: Creating pre-conditions
Source: Jukka Viitanen & Markku Markkula & Carlos Ripoll, article in the Knowledge Triangle book, 2013 8

9. The Development Path in More Detail
Stage 1 Regional pre-conditions:
Potential of existing regional/international innovation system (=audits)
2. Willingness to utilise this potential (=active participation)
Stage 2 Creating the innovation hub:
1. Joint R&D
2. Joint innovation capacity
3. Joint commercialization
4. Joint platforms
Stage 3 Orchestrating RIE:
Mindset change
Implementing Knowledge Triangle
Integrating innovation activities with research programs
Source: Jukka Viitanen & Markku Markkula & Carlos Ripoll, article in the Knowledge Triangle book, 2013

10. PICNIC Smart City & Living Labs Markku Markkula
Have a look at:
14 September Amsterdam
Mindset
Situation when Aalto started in 2010
EU Calls for Transformation:
Europe needs pioneering regions, as pathfinders and rapid prototypes. Helsinki Region has forerunner instruments in use:
Aalto Design Factory
Aalto Venture Garage
Aalto Camp for Societal Innovation
and many more …
Markku Markkula
CoR & Aalto University

11. ACSI 2011: We Cannot Reach the Target by Incremental Small Steps
Inventing the future: Working and learning together
Today: Separate projects and silos
Gardening to enable uniqueness
The upside-down tree metaphor originates 1992 by Leif Edvinsson
Fruits of global pioneering to the use of all
We need to create “Joint Regional Innovation Ecosystems”
The picture is based on the results of the Aalto Camp for Societal Innovation 2011: Markku Markkula

12. Aalto Camp for Societal Innovation ACSI
Integrating Real World & Virtual World

15. Finnish Way to Knowledge Society: Regional Level = The Learning City
Espoo =
The Learning City
Preconditions of Learning
Learning Services
Learning Environments
Culture of Learning
Concept of Learning
Learning Methods
Learning Organisations
Innovations, Development
Values, Goals and Strategies
Physical Environment
Virtual Environment
Spiritual Environment
Time Variation
Structure of Economic Life
Accessibility of Services
Knowledge- and Citizens’ Society
Inclusion and
Impowerment
International Activities
Resources
Learning Facilities and Supportive Measures
Cooperation Between Providers of Education
Infrastructure of Lifelong Learning
City of Espoo – Cluster of Learning Services
Espoo has defined the following features and activities to be essential for the Learning City concept:
- Creates a network of educators and other actors
- Is responsible for the preconditions of learning
- Acts itself as a learning organization
- Recognizes the importance of knowledge and encourages and stimulates learning
The Cluster of Learning Services aims at connecting the knowledge and resources of different actors to a self-steering network to benefit both learning providers and companies as well as the public sector. The objective is to use the new information and communication technologies efficiently in learning environments and to find the added value of the new technologies to support the learning process. Pilot projects:1) Master of Mathematics, special advanced mathematics course for upper secondary schools 2) Young Net Entrepreneur – course 3) Basics of programming.
The basic principle of the activities of the cluster is mutuality. Partners focus on their core competence, e.g. pedagogics, technology, business or other learning contents. The network is based on personal relations and efficient information. Same contents can be tailored to meet different learning needs and different learning phases.
The cluster operates through meetings, exchange of know-how and learning contents, testing the pedagogical models, intranetwork training projects, producing and marketing services and tailored company projects.
The projects are open to all schools, and in practice to others as well in Espoo. New projects will be approved on the basis of criteria determined in the action plan.

16. Espoo & European Year of Lifelong Learning 1996
This picture was done already close to 20 years ago: This Has Been and Still Is a Long Process
Espoo =
The Learning City
Preconditions of Learning
Learning Services
Learning Environments
Culture of Learning
Concept of Learning
Learning Methods
Learning Organisations
Innovations, Development
Values, Goals and Strategies
Physical Environment
Virtual Environment
Spiritual Environment
Time Variation
Structure of Economic Life
Accessibility of Services
Knowledge- and Citizens’ Society
Inclusion and
Impowerment
International Activities
Resources
Learning Facilities and Supportive Measures
Cooperation Between Providers of Education
Infrastructure of Lifelong Learning
Espoo & European Year of Lifelong Learning 1996
City of Espoo – Cluster of Learning Services
Espoo has defined the following features and activities to be essential for the Learning City concept:
- Creates a network of educators and other actors
- Is responsible for the preconditions of learning
- Acts itself as a learning organization
- Recognizes the importance of knowledge and encourages and stimulates learning
The Cluster of Learning Services aims at connecting the knowledge and resources of different actors to a self-steering network to benefit both learning providers and companies as well as the public sector. The objective is to use the new information and communication technologies efficiently in learning environments and to find the added value of the new technologies to support the learning process. Pilot projects:1) Master of Mathematics, special advanced mathematics course for upper secondary schools 2) Young Net Entrepreneur – course 3) Basics of programming.
The basic principle of the activities of the cluster is mutuality. Partners focus on their core competence, e.g. pedagogics, technology, business or other learning contents. The network is based on personal relations and efficient information. Same contents can be tailored to meet different learning needs and different learning phases.
The cluster operates through meetings, exchange of know-how and learning contents, testing the pedagogical models, intranetwork training projects, producing and marketing services and tailored company projects.
The projects are open to all schools, and in practice to others as well in Espoo. New projects will be approved on the basis of criteria determined in the action plan.

17. We need real life feedback  indicators  bench-learning
ELLI- Internet Platform
ELLI-Studies & Publications
ELLI-Index
Europe
ELLI – Learning Community Report
www
Regional
UNESCO‘s four learning dimensions
CoR Presentation by Markkula on 21 Feb 2011:
This ELLI is excellent material and instruments.
This can lead to a real societal innovation.

18. How to Speed up and Scale up EU 2020 Implementation
Horizon 2020 Frame for Research and Innovation:
How to Speed up and Scale up EU 2020 Implementation
More
Societal Innovations
Digitalized Real Life Test-beds
Open Innovation & Digital Entrepreneurship
Regional Innovation
Ecosystems
Pioneering
EU2020
Urban
Design
Solutions
SMART SPECIALISATION
Scientific Excellence & Industrial Leadership
Markku Markkula,
Chair CoR-EPP Task Force on Europe 2020, Aalto University, Finland

19. Incremental innovations Semi-radical innovations
Transformation: the levers for the 3 types on innovation (In the past: the focus on innovations has been on business and technology. Now: also the cultural levers are the drivers of change)
Business Model Levers
Technology Levers
Value Proposition
Value Chain
Target Customer
Product and Service
Process Technology
Enabling Technology
Cultural Levers
Regional Innovation
Ecosystem
Space
(Ba & Flow)
Design
Mindset
Learning
Incremental innovations
Semi-radical innovations
Radical innovations
Markkula M & Pirttivaara M, (2013). Adding the Cultural Levers. Developed from Davila T, Epstein MJ and Shelton RD, (2013), Making Innovation Work, FT Press, New Jersey.

20. Applying Experiences from Industrial Systems 
Interacting Learning & Research & Innovation Activities
Three Steps to Understand the System:
Identify
Societal / Market Needs
& define system
requirements & barriers
Integrate Fundamental Research & Innovation Knowledge into
Enabling Technologies
Develop Useful Insights from Fundamental Knowledge
Professor Sir Mike Gregory, 13 Feb 2013
(E O’Sullivan: Adapted from NSF ERC Strategy Framework)

21. Globalisation  Need for Smart Specialisation
Work in Progress
April 4, 2017
Globalisation  Need for Smart Specialisation
Understanding the dynamics of global industries
Mapping and managing global value chains
Configuring production and supply
Understanding national industrial policies
‘Making the right things in the right places’
Professor Sir Mike Gregory, 13 Feb 2013

22. Energizing Urban Ecosystems
Aalto University & other researchers & industry & cities:
Energizing Urban Ecosystems
20 million euro research program for
Regional Information Modeling in Urban Planning for the Built Environment
1. Scientific breakthroughs 2. Application breakthroughs 3. Breakthrough in mindsets 4. Breakthroughs in art & design 5. Breakthroughs in business models
This ppt-set (short version of the set made for EUE in August 2012) gives an evidence that the real life breakthrough can be made.

23. Participants produced inputs which were uploaded to the Virtual Environment and further developed by the facilitators for voting.
All this happened during the workshop.
Overview of the workspace used in the EU Open Days 10A16 Workshop In Brussels Oct
2012
Juho-Pekka Virtanen, Tommi Hollström, Lars Miikki, Markku Markkula
Based on research on Regional Information Modelling by:
Juho-Pekka Virtanen, Hannu Hyyppä, Marika Ahlavuo, Juha Hyyppä

24. CoR Draft Opinion on “Closing the Innovation Divide”  Making the Transformation to Happen
Addressing new innovative solutions on major societal challenges at regional level
Smart specialisation – what does that mean in practice
Smart cities and smart regions – concepts and implementation
Regional innovation ecosystems as laboratories for entrepreneurial discovery
Synergistic cooperation (= Knowledge Triangle & European Partnerships) during the new programming period