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Lecture Chapter 1: Matter and Change
Chapter 2: Measurements and Calculations Chapter 3: Atoms: The Building Blocks of Matter Chapter 4: Arrangement of Electrons in Atoms Chapter 5: The Periodic Law Chapter 6: Chemical Bonding Chapter 7: Chemical Formulas and Chemical Compounds Chapter 8: Chemical Equations and Reactions Main Menu
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Lecture Chapter 9: Stoichiometry Chapter 10: States of Matter
Chapter 11: Gases Chapter 12: Solutions Chapter 13: Ions in Aqueous Solutions and Colligative Properties Chapter 14: Acids and Bases Chapter 15: Acid-Base Titration and pH Chapter 16: Reaction Energy Main Menu
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Lecture Chapter 19: Oxidation-Reduction Reactions
Chapter 17: Reaction Kinetics Chapter 18: Chemical Equilibrium Chapter 19: Oxidation-Reduction Reactions Chapter 20: Electrochemistry Chapter 21: Nuclear Chemistry Chapter 22: Organic Chemistry Chapter 23: Biological Chemistry Main Menu
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Visual Concepts Chapter 1: Matter and Change
Chapter 2: Measurements and Calculations Chapter 3: Atoms: The Building Blocks of Matter Chapter 4: Arrangement of Electrons in Atoms Chapter 5: The Periodic Law Chapter 6: Chemical Bonding Chapter 7: Chemical Formulas and Chemical Compounds Chapter 8: Chemical Equations and Reactions Main Menu
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Visual Concepts Chapter 10: States of Matter Chapter 11: Gases
Chapter 9: Stoichiometry Chapter 10: States of Matter Chapter 11: Gases Chapter 12: Solutions Chapter 13: Ions in Aqueous Solutions and Colligative Properties Chapter 14: Acids and Bases Chapter 15: Acid-Base Titration and pH Chapter 16: Reaction Energy Main Menu
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Visual Concepts Chapter 19: Oxidation-Reduction Reactions
Chapter 17: Reaction Kinetics Chapter 18: Chemical Equilibrium Chapter 19: Oxidation-Reduction Reactions Chapter 20: Electrochemistry Chapter 21: Nuclear Chemistry Chapter 22: Organic Chemistry Chapter 23: Biological Chemistry Main Menu
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Chapter 1: Matter and Change
Visual Concepts Chemistry Chemical Types of Research Matter Atom Element Molecule Compounds Comparing Extensive and Intensive Properties Main Menu
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Chapter 1: Matter and Change
Visual Concepts Liquid Gas Plasma Chemical Reaction Comparing Physical and Chemical Properties Comparing Chemical and Physical Changes Energy and Chemical Reactions Classification Scheme for Matter
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Chapter 2: Measurements and Calculations
Visual Concepts Scientific Method Qualitative and Quantitative Data Hypothesis Models SI (Le Systéme International d´Unités) Volume Measuring the Volume of Liquids Equation for Density Conversion Factor Main Menu
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Chapter 2: Measurements and Calculations
Visual Concepts Accuracy and Precision Significant Figures Rules for Determining Significant Zeros Rules for Rounding Numbers Scientific Notation Direct and Inverse Proportions
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Chapter 3: Atoms: The Building Blocks of Matter
Visual Concepts Chemical Reaction Law of Conservation of Mass Law of Definite Proportions Law of Multiple Proportions Atom Parts of the Atom Thomson’s Cathode-Ray Tube Experiment Millikan’s Oil Drop Experiment Main Menu
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Chapter 3: Atoms: The Building Blocks of Matter
Visual Concepts Rutherford’s Gold Foil Experiment Nuclear Forces Atomic Number Mass Number Isotopes and Nuclides Average Atomic Mass The Mole Avogadro’s Number Molar Mass
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Chapter 4: Arrangement of Electrons in Atoms
Visual Concepts Electromagnetic Spectrum Photoelectric Effect Quantization of Energy Energy of a Photon Absorption and Emission Spectra Bohr Model of the Atom Comparing Models of the Atom De Broglie and the Wave-Particle Nature of Electrons Main Menu
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Chapter 4: Arrangement of Electrons in Atoms
Visual Concepts Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle Electron Cloud Quantum Numbers and Orbitals Electron Configuration Aufbau Principle Pauli Exclusion Principle Orbital Notation Reading Electron-Configuration Notation Noble-Gas Notation
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Chapter 5: The Periodic Law
Visual Concepts Periodic Table Overview Relating Period Length and Sublevels Filled Blocks of the Periodic Table Based on Sublevel Atomic Radius Ion Ionization Electron Affinity Main Menu
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Chapter 5: The Periodic Law
Visual Concepts Comparing Cations and Anions Ionic Radius Valence Electrons Electronegativity
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Chapter 6: Chemical Bonding
Visual Concepts Chemical Bond Ionic Bonding Covalent Bonding Comparing Polar and Nonpolar Covalent Bonds Using Electronegativity Difference to Classify Bonding Molecule Chemical Formula Main Menu
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Chapter 6: Chemical Bonding
Visual Concepts Structure of a Water Molecule Comparing Monatomic, Diatomic, and Polyatomic Molecules Bond Length Bond Energy The Octet Rule Electron-Dot Notation Lewis Structures Lone Pair of Electrons
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Chapter 6: Chemical Bonding
Visual Concepts Structural Formula Comparing Single, Double, and Triple Bonds Atomic Resonance Characteristics of Ion Bonding in a Crystal Lattice Lattice Energy Comparing Ionic and Molecular Compounds
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Chapter 6: Chemical Bonding
Visual Concepts Comparing Monatomic, Polyatomic, and Diatomic Structures Metallic Bonding Properties of Metals: Surface Appearance Properties of Metals: Malleability and Ductility Properties of Metals: Electrical and Thermal Conductivity
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Chapter 6: Chemical Bonding
Visual Concepts VSEPR and Basic Molecular Shapes VSEPR and Lone Electron Pairs Hybrid Orbitals Dipole-Dipole Forces Dipole-Induced Dipole Interaction Hydrogen Bonding London Dispersion Force
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Chapter 7: Chemical Formulas and Chemical Compounds
Visual Concepts Reading Chemical Formulas Naming Monatomic Ions Naming Ionic Compounds Naming Compounds Using the Stock System Naming Compounds Containing Polyatomic Ions Naming Covalently-Bonded Compounds Main Menu
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Chapter 7: Chemical Formulas and Chemical Compounds
Visual Concepts Naming Compounds Using Numerical Prefixes Naming Binary Acids Naming Oxyacids Salt Prefixes and Suffixes for Oxyanions and Related Acids Rules for Assigning Oxidation Numbers
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Chapter 7: Chemical Formulas and Chemical Compounds
Visual Concepts Formula Mass The Mole Molar Mass Molar Mass as a Conversion Factor Percentage Composition Comparing Molecular and Empirical Formulas
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Chapter 8: Chemical Equations and Reactions
Visual Concepts Chemical Equation Signs of a Chemical Reaction Reading a Chemical Equation Symbols Used in Chemical Equations Interpreting Chemical Equations Balancing a Chemical Equation by Inspection Synthesis Reactions Main Menu
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Chapter 8: Chemical Equations and Reactions
Visual Concepts Electrolysis Combustion Reaction Activity Series
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Chapter 9: Stoichiometry
Visual Concepts Stoichiometry Molar Mass as a Conversion Factor Conversion of Quantities in Moles Mass and Number of Moles of an Unknown Mass-Mass Calculations Limiting Reactants and Excess Reactants Comparing Actual and Theoretical Yield Main Menu
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Chapter 10: States of Matter
Visual Concepts Kinetic Molecular Theory Properties of Gases Fluid Comparing Diffusion and Effusion Diffusion in a Liquid Surface Tension Capillary Action Freezing Main Menu
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Chapter 10: States of Matter
Visual Concepts Melting Point Melting Types of Basic Crystalline Systems Types of Crystals Comparing Cohesion and Adhesion Vaporization and Condensation Equilibrium Equilibrium and Vapor Pressure
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Chapter 10: States of Matter
Visual Concepts Factors Affecting Equilibrium Shifts in the Equilibrium Due to the Application of Heat Comparing Volatile and Nonvolatile Liquids Comparing Sublimation and Deposition Phase Diagram Structure of a Water Molecule
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Chapter 11: Gases Visual Concepts Pressure Equation for Pressure
Barometer Dalton’s Law of Partial Pressures Equation for Dalton’s Law of Partial Pressures Boyle’s Law Equation for Boyle’s Law Charles’s Law Main Menu
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Chapter 11: Gases Visual Concepts Absolute Zero
Equation for Charles’s Law Gay-Lussac’s Law Equation for Gay-Lassa's Law Equation for the Combined Gas Law Combined Gas Law Gay-Lussac’s Law of Combining Volumes of Gases Avogadro’s Law
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Chapter 11: Gases Visual Concepts
Using Gay-Lussac’s Law of Combining Volumes of Gases and Avogadro’s Law to Find Mole Ratios Gas Stoichiometry Equation for the Ideal Gas Law Ideal Gas Law Comparing Diffusion and Effusion Graham’s Law of Effusion Equation for Graham’s Law of Effusion
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Chapter 12: Solutions Visual Concepts Solutions
Solutes, Solvents, and Solutions Types of Solutions Suspensions Colloids Emulsions Dissolving Process Factors Affecting the Rate of Dissolution Solution Equilibrium Main Menu
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Chapter 12: Solutions Visual Concepts
Solubility of a Solid in a Liquid Like Dissolves Like Comparing Miscible and Immiscible Liquids Pressure, Temperature, and Solubility of Gases Henry’s Law Effervescence Concentration Preparation of a Solution Based on Molarity Comparing Molarity and Molality
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Chapter 13: Ions in Aqueous Solutions and Colligative Properties
Visual Concepts Rules for Solubility Precipitation Reactions Net Ionic Equation Ionization Comparing Dissociation and Ionization Hydronium Ion Comparing Volatile and Nonvolatile Liquids Main Menu
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Chapter 13: Ions in Aqueous Solutions and Colligative Properties
Visual Concepts Freezing-Point Depression Boiling-Point Elevation and the Presence of Solutes Semipermeable Membrane Osmosis
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Chapter 14: Acids and Bases
Visual Concepts Properties of Acids Naming Oxyacids Properties of Bases Arrhenius Acids and Bases Strength and Weakness of Acids and Bases Brønsted-Lowry Acids and Bases Comparing Monoprotic and Polyprotic Acids Main Menu
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Chapter 14: Acids and Bases
Visual Concepts Lewis Acids and Bases Comparing Arrhenius, Brønsted-Lowry, and Lewis Acids and Bases Conjugated Acids and Bases Amphoterism Neutralization Reaction Acid Precipitation Chemical Weathering
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Chapter 15: Acid-Base Titration and pH
Visual Concepts pOH Comparing pH and pOH Antacid Main Menu
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Chapter 16: Reaction Energy
Visual Concepts Equation for Specific Heat Entropy Equation for Free-Energy Change Relating Enthalpy, Entropy, and Free-Energy Changes Comparing Enthalpy and Entropy Main Menu
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Chapter 17: Reaction Kinetics
Visual Concepts Chemical Equation Reaction Mechanism Activation Energy and Chemical Reactions Catalyst Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Catalysts Rate Law Rate-Determining Step Main Menu
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Chapter 18: Chemical Equilibrium
Visual Concepts Equilibrium and Vapor Pressure Chemical Equilibrium Le Chatelier's Principal Factors Affecting Equilibrium Common-Ion Effect Cation Hydrolysis Using Solubility Product Constants Solubility Product Constant Main Menu
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Chapter 19: Oxidation-Reduction Reactions
Visual Concepts Rules for Assigning Oxidation Numbers Oxidation Reduction Half-Reaction Equation Rules for the Half-Reaction Method Main Menu
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Chapter 20: Electrochemistry
Visual Concepts Electrochemical Cell Parts of an Electrochemical Cell Half-Cell Half-Reaction Equation Voltaic Cell Battery Parts of an Acidic and Alkaline Battery Electrode Potential Main Menu
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Chapter 20: Electrochemistry
Visual Concepts Electrolytic Cell Electroplating Parts of a Rechargeable Cell Electrolysis Electrosynthesis of Sodium
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Chapter 21: Nuclear Chemistry
Visual Concepts Nuclear Binding Energy Nuclear Reaction Electron Capture Comparing Alpha, Beta and Gamma Particles Half-Life Decay Series Parent and Daughter Nuclides Rules for Nuclear Decay Main Menu
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Chapter 21: Nuclear Chemistry
Visual Concepts Alpha, Beta, and Gamma Radiation Radiometric Dating Radioactive Tracer Nuclear Chain Reaction Critical Mass Nuclear Fusion
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Chapter 22: Organic Chemistry
Visual Concepts Catenation Saturated Hydrocarbons Alkane Cycloalkanes Naming Unbranched Alkanes Alkyl Groups Using Prefixes to Name Organic Compounds Fractional Distillation in Refineries Main Menu
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Chapter 22: Organic Chemistry
Visual Concepts Unsaturated Hydrocarbons Alkene Naming Alkenes Alkyne Aromatic Hydrocarbon Benzene Functional Group Alcohol
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Chapter 22: Organic Chemistry
Visual Concepts Alkyl Halide Ether Types of Amines Substitution Reaction Addition Reaction Elimination Reaction
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Chapter 23: Biological Chemistry
Visual Concepts Carbohydrates Monosaccharides Disaccharides Cation Hydrolysis Anion Hydrolysis Types of Lipids Amino Acid Formation of Dipeptides and Polypeptides
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Chapter 23: Biological Chemistry
Visual Concepts Proteins Sickle Cell Anemia Enzyme Photosynthesis Chlorophyll a and b Linking Photosynthesis and Respiration Comparing ADP and ATP Energy Yield in Aerobic Respiration
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Chapter 23: Biological Chemistry
Visual Concepts Cellular Respiration Nucleic Acid Examples of Nucleotides DNA Overview Gene DNA Replication Ribonucleic Acid (RNA) Comparing DNA and RNA
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Chapter 23: Biological Chemistry
Visual Concepts Types of RNA Genetic Code Genetic Engineering DNA Fingerprint Making a DNA Fingerprint Polymerase Chain Reaction Cloning Using Plasmids to Produce Insulin
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Image Bank Chapter 1: Matter and Change
Chapter 2: Measurements and Calculations Chapter 3: Atoms: The Building Blocks of Matter Chapter 4: Arrangement of Electrons in Atoms Chapter 5: The Periodic Law Chapter 6: Chemical Bonding Chapter 7: Chemical Formulas and Chemical Compounds Chapter 8: Chemical Equations and Reactions Main Menu
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Image Bank Chapter 10: States of Matter Chapter 11: Gases
Chapter 9: Stoichiometry Chapter 10: States of Matter Chapter 11: Gases Chapter 12: Solutions Chapter 13: Ions in Aqueous Solutions and Colligative Properties Chapter 14: Acids and Bases Chapter 15: Acid-Base Titration and pH Chapter 16: Reaction Energy Main Menu
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Image Bank Chapter 19: Oxidation-Reduction Reactions
Chapter 17: Reaction Kinetics Chapter 18: Chemical Equilibrium Chapter 19: Oxidation-Reduction Reactions Chapter 20: Electrochemistry Chapter 21: Nuclear Chemistry Chapter 22: Organic Chemistry Chapter 23: Biological Chemistry Main Menu
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Standardized Test Prep
Chapter 1: Matter and Change Chapter 2: Measurements and Calculations Chapter 3: Atoms: The Building Blocks of Matter Chapter 4: Arrangement of Electrons in Atoms Chapter 5: The Periodic Law Chapter 6: Chemical Bonding Chapter 7: Chemical Formulas and Chemical Compounds Chapter 8: Chemical Equations and Reactions Main Menu
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Standardized Test Prep
Chapter 9: Stoichiometry Chapter 10: States of Matter Chapter 11: Gases Chapter 12: Solutions Chapter 13: Ions in Aqueous Solutions and Colligative Properties Chapter 14: Acids and Bases Chapter 15: Acid-Base Titration and pH Chapter 16: Reaction Energy Main Menu
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Standardized Test Prep
Chapter 17: Reaction Kinetics Chapter 18: Chemical Equilibrium Chapter 19: Oxidation-Reduction Reactions Chapter 20: Electrochemistry Chapter 21: Nuclear Chemistry Chapter 22: Organic Chemistry Chapter 23: Biological Chemistry Main Menu
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