1. Construct a Born-Haber cycle Slides 2 and 3 show examples of the cards in use Print slides 4 to 15 onto A4 paper or card Laminate if desired, then cut into strips (use paper trimmer), and squares Slides 4 to 9 will make 8 sets of cards for NaCl Slides 10 to 15 will extend the 8 sets to also construct MgCl 2 and MgO Easily stored in envelopes for future use

4. Na (S) Na (S) Na (S) Na (S) Na (S) Na (S) Na (S) Na (S) Na (g) Na (g) Na (g) Na (g) Na (g) Na (g) Na (g) Na (g) Na (g) Na (g) Na (g) Na (g) Na (g) Na (g) Na (g) Na (g) Na + (g) Na + (g) Na + (g) Na + (g) Na + (g) Na + (g) Na + (g) Na + (g) Na + (g) Na + (g) Na + (g) Na + (g) Na + (g) Cl - (g) Cl - (g) Cl - (g) Cl - (g) Cl - (g) Cl - (g) Cl - (g) Cl - (g)

5. Cl 2 (g) Cl 2 (g) Cl 2 (g) Cl 2 (g) Cl 2 (g) Cl 2 (g) Cl 2 (g) Cl 2 (g) Cl (g) Cl (g) Cl (g) Cl (g) Cl (g) Cl (g) Cl (g) Cl (g) Cl (g) Cl (g) Cl (g) Cl (g) Cl (g) Cl (g) Cl (g) Cl (g) Cl 2 (g) Cl 2 (g) Cl 2 (g) Cl 2 (g) Cl 2 (g) Cl 2 (g) Cl 2 (g) Cl 2 (g) ½½½½½½½½ ½½½½½½½½

6. +++ +++++ ++++++++ +++ +++++ ++++++++ +++ +++++ ++++++++

7. NaCl (s) H 1 IE H at

8. H 1 IE H LE H EA1

9. HfHf HfHf HfHf HfHf HfHf HfHf HfHf HfHf MgO (s) H EA1 MgO (s)

10. Mg (S) Mg (S) Mg (S) Mg (S) Mg (S) Mg (S) Mg (S) Mg (S) Mg (g) Mg (g) Mg (g) Mg (g) Mg (g) Mg (g) Mg (g) Mg (g) Mg (g) Mg (g) Mg (g) Mg (g) Mg (g) Mg (g) Mg (g) Mg (g) Mg + (g) Mg + (g) Mg + (g) Mg + (g) Mg + (g) Mg + (g) Mg + Mg 2+ (g) Mg 2+ MgCl 2(s)

11. Cl (g) Cl (g) Cl (g) Cl (g) Cl (g) Cl (g) Cl (g) Cl (g) e-e- e-e- e-e- e-e- e-e- e-e- e-e- e-e- ++++++++ ++++++++ MgCl 2(s) Cl (g) Cl (g) Cl (g) Cl (g) Cl (g) Cl (g) Cl (g) Cl (g)

12. 22222222 22222222 22222222 22222222 22222222 22222222

13. H 2 IE H EA2 +++ +++ e-e- e-e- e-e- e-e- e-e- e-e-

14. +++++ ++++ +++ ++++ O2O2 (g) O2O2 O2O2 O2O2 O2O2 O2O2 O2O2 O2O2 O2O2 O2O2 O2O2 O2O2 O2O2 O2O2 O2O2 O2O2 O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O

15. O O O O O O O O O-O- O - (g) O-O- O-O- O-O- O - (g) O-O- O-O- O 2- (g) O 2- (g) O 2- (g) O 2- (g) O 2- (g) O 2- (g) O 2- (g) O 2- (g) Mg 2+ (g) Mg 2+ (g) Mg 2+