1. Effects of glucosamine on proteoglycan loss by tendon, ligament and joint capsule explant cultures 
M.Z. Ilic, Ph.D., B. Martinac, Ph.D., T. Samiric, Ph.D., C.J. Handley, Ph.D. 
Osteoarthritis and Cartilage 
Volume 16, Issue 12, Pages (December 2008)
DOI: /j.joca
Copyright © 2008 Osteoarthritis Research Society International Terms and Conditions

2. Fig. 1
Glucosamine affects the kinetics of loss of 35S-labeled proteoglycans from the matrix of bovine ligament but not tendon and joint capsule explant cultures. Following the incubation of tissue with [35S]sulfate, the percentage of radiolabeled proteoglycans remaining in the matrix of tendon, ligament or joint capsule maintained in culture for 10 days in the presence or absence of 10mM glucosamine is plotted against time in culture; (A, C, E) percentage of total (large+small) radiolabeled proteoglycans remaining in the matrix of cultures cultured without (○), or with 10mM glucosamine (●); (B, D, F) percentage of radiolabeled large and small proteoglycans remaining in the matrix of cultures cultured without (large proteoglycans, □, small proteoglycans, ▵), or with 10mM glucosamine (large proteoglycans, ■, small proteoglycans, ▴). Values shown represent the mean of triplicate cultures of tissue from same animal and the SD (positive error bars). *P<0.05 vs DMEM alone by Student's t test.
Osteoarthritis and Cartilage  , DOI: ( /j.joca )
Copyright © 2008 Osteoarthritis Research Society International Terms and Conditions

3. Fig. 2
Glucosamine does not have an effect of the rate of formation of [35S]sulfate and the release of 35S-labeled small proteoglycans from bovine tendon explant cultures. Following the incubation of tissue with [35S]sulfate, tendon was maintained in DMEM for 5 days to allow for the loss of majority of radiolabeled large proteoglycans prior to treatment with 10mM glucosamine for further 10 days. The culture medium was collected daily and analyzed for the presence of [35S]sulfate and 35S-labeled small proteoglycans; (A) cumulative release of [35S]sulfate into the culture medium for cultures maintained without (♢) or with glucosamine (♦); (B) cumulative release of 35S-labeled small proteoglycans into the culture medium for cultures maintained without (▵) or with glucosamine (▴); (C) the percentage of 35S-labeled small proteoglycans remaining in the matrix with time in culture for cultures maintained without (▵) or with glucosamine (▴). Values shown represent the mean of triplicate cultures of tissue from same animal and the SD (positive error bars).
Osteoarthritis and Cartilage  , DOI: ( /j.joca )
Copyright © 2008 Osteoarthritis Research Society International Terms and Conditions

4. Fig. 3
Glucosamine affects the rate of formation of [35S]sulfate and the release of 35S-labeled small proteoglycans from bovine ligament explant cultures. Following the incubation of tissue with [35S]sulfate, ligament was maintained in DMEM for 5 days to allow for the loss of majority of radiolabeled large proteoglycans prior to treatment with 10mM glucosamine for further 10 days. The culture medium was collected daily and analyzed for the presence of [35S]sulfate and 35S-labeled small proteoglycans; (A) cumulative release of [35S]sulfate into the culture medium for cultures maintained without (♢) or with glucosamine (♦); (B) cumulative release of 35S-labeled small proteoglycans into the culture medium for cultures maintained without (▵) or with glucosamine (▴); (C) the percentage of 35S-labeled small proteoglycans remaining in the matrix with time in culture for cultures maintained without (▵) or with glucosamine (▴). Values shown represent the mean of triplicate cultures of tissue from same animal and the SD (positive error bars). *P<0.05 vs DMEM alone by Student's t test.
Osteoarthritis and Cartilage  , DOI: ( /j.joca )
Copyright © 2008 Osteoarthritis Research Society International Terms and Conditions

5. Fig. 4
Glucosamine does not have an effect on the rate of formation of [35S]sulfate and the release of 35S-labeled small proteoglycans from bovine joint capsule explant cultures. Following the incubation of tissue with [35S]sulfate, joint capsule was maintained in DMEM for 5 days to allow for the loss of majority of radiolabeled large proteoglycans prior to treatment with 10mM glucosamine for further 10 days. The culture medium was collected daily and analyzed for the presence of [35S]sulfate and 35S-labeled small proteoglycans; (A) cumulative release of [35S]sulfate into the culture medium for cultures maintained without (♢) or with glucosamine (♦); (B) cumulative release of 35S-labeled small proteoglycans into the culture medium for cultures maintained without (▵) or with glucosamine (▴); (C) the percentage of 35S-labeled small proteoglycans remaining in the matrix with time in culture for cultures maintained without (▵) or with glucosamine (▴). Values shown represent the mean of triplicate cultures of tissue from same animal and the SD (positive error bars).
Osteoarthritis and Cartilage  , DOI: ( /j.joca )
Copyright © 2008 Osteoarthritis Research Society International Terms and Conditions

6. Fig. 5
Glucosamine does not have an effect on the proteolytic processing of 35S-labeled small proteoglycans in ligament, tendon and joint capsule explant cultures. Following the incubation of tissue with [35S]sulfate, ligament, tendon and joint capsule were maintained in DMEM for 5 days to allow for the loss of majority of radiolabeled large proteoglycans prior to treatment with 10mM glucosamine for further 5 days. A fluorogram of 4–15% polyacrylamide/SDS gels shows radiolabeled small proteoglycan core proteins that were isolated from the matrix of tendon (T), ligament (L) and joint capsule (JC) on day 5 of culture period (a–c) and from the pooled medium from days 6 to 10 of culture period. Lane a: ligament cultured in DMEM only; lanes b, c and d: ligament, tendon and synovial capsule, respectively, cultured in the presence of glucosamine. The weights of tissue (g) corresponding to the amount of sample loaded on the gel were 0.2g (panel A) and 0.4g (panel B).
Osteoarthritis and Cartilage  , DOI: ( /j.joca )
Copyright © 2008 Osteoarthritis Research Society International Terms and Conditions