1. Nursing Management of Clients with Stressors that Affect Health Promotion NUR101 Fall 2008 Lecture # 25 K. Burger, MSEd, MSN, RN, CNE PPP By: Sharon Niggemeier RN, MS Revised burgerk1007

2. Assessing Health Health =State of optimal functioning or well-being Wellness= an active process in which individuals are aware of choices they make to lead a better life Illness = state in which function is impaired compared with previous function. Health has many definitions:

3. Health Traditionally health and illness were viewed as two separate entities 1946 W.H.O. (World Health Organization) the state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity Several models of health and illness

4. Health - Illness Continuum Measures a persons perceived level of health Constantly changing state Perception of HEALTH is influenced by individuals self-concept, culture, environment, and many other internal & external variables High level wellness at one end, normal health in the center and illness-death at the opposite end

5. Holistic Health Model System that considers all components of health: promotion, maintenance, education, illness prevention,and restorative care Holistic theory requires forces of nature be kept in balance therefore holistic health involves the total person Clients assuming responsibility for health maintenance and Nurses working to promote optimal conditions to promote health.

6. Basic Human Needs Model Maslows Hierarchy of Needs all people share basic human needs each person has unique needs priority is usually given to physiological needs, but may fluctuate d/t individual perceptions

7. Health Promotion Model (HPM) HPM- depicts the multidimensional nature of people interacting with their interpersonal and physical environments when they pursue health This model stresses the importance of an individuals uniqueness, behavior - specific cognitions and affect, and behavioral outcomes

8. Homeostasis & Adaptation Homeostasis-physiological and psychological mechanisms respond to changes in the internal and external environment to maintain a balanced state. To maintain health the bodys internal environment needs a balanced state Adaptation- change that occurs due to a response from stressor. Adaptation occurs to maintain homeostasis

9. Influences on Health and Health Belief Practices Physical Developmental Emotional Intellectual Environmental Sociocultural Spiritual Man Cold Video http://glumbert.com/media/mancold

10. Effects of Illness Loss of independence Lack of control Dependent on others Financial deprivation Family hardship Decreased self - esteem

11. Planning Health Promotion Based on patient needs Needs are prioritized based on the nursing process, Maslows Hierarchy of Needs, & growth and developmental level Acute Illness = short duration; severe Chronic Illness = persists > 6 mos

12. Nursing Diagnosis Knowledge deficit Ineffective health maintenance Readiness for enhanced therapeutic regimen management

13. Nursing Interventions Health Promotion Disease Prevention

14. Health Promotion Increase well-being Maximize pt. strengths Teach self-care activities Increase awareness Provide information and referrals Factors effecting health Genetics Knowledge Race Culture Age Cognitive abilities

15. Disease Prevention Primary prevention-focuses on health promotion and protection from specific diseases Purpose- decrease an individuals risk to disease

16. Disease Prevention Secondary prevention- focuses on early detection and prompt interventions to alleviate health problems and prevent complications. Purpose- identify patient at early stage and limit disability

17. Disease Prevention Tertiary prevention-focuses on restoring/rehabilitating patient Purpose-to allow patient to return to optimal level of functioning

18. Summary-Health Promotion Various models of health care/promotion Health promotion based on needs of client Focuses on nurses promoting health and disease prevention