1. Progressive Era Reforms
Day 2: EOC Review
Industrialism
Progressive Era Reforms
American Imperialism
Spanish American War
World War I

2. Political Machines (Page 7)
Who was the famous political boss of Tammany Hall, NYC? BOSS TWEED.
Corruption:
Bribery

3. Business (Page 7)
Free Enterprise, laissez-faire government and abundant resources caused- growth in business
Led to growth of industry/corporations/trusts/monopolies
Entrepreneurs
Andrew Carnegie: Gospel of Wealth
John Rockefeller: Standard Oil

4. Business (Page 7)
List workplace abuses: low wages, long hours, dangerous work environments, repetitive tasks
Why was this called the Gilded Age? Wealth for some, poverty for others.
What was Social Darwinism? Competition in business: stronger would survive.

5. Immigration (page 7) Push Factors? Poverty, War, Discrimination
Pull Factors? Freedom, jobs, opportunity.
What was nativism? Viewpoint that wanted to restrict immigration
Chinese Exclusionary Act: Restricted immigration of Chinese workers.

6. Urbanization (Page 7) Rural to Urban: Why did people move?
What problems did rapid growth create?
Overcrowding
Sanitation Problems
Tenements
Infrastructure
Corruption

7. Technology (Page 7) Elevator Telephone/Telegraph Oil Drilling
Bessemer Process
Electricity
How did technology impact business? Improved productivity and standard of living.

8. Progressive Era Reforms (page 8)
Economic Reforms:
16th Amendment- Income Tax: Congress could now tax personal income
What impact did the following reforms have?
Business regulation: Increased the federal governments ability to prevent unfair business activities
Federal Reserve Act of 1913: Federal government’s movement toward enacting monetary policy

9. Progressive Era Reforms (Page 8)
Social Reform and its impact
NAACP: Gave a voice to racial equality
19th Amendment: Women's right to vote
Settlement Houses: Movement toward social reform.
Meat Inspection Act: Protection of Consumer Health
Pure Food and Drug Act:
Labor Unions: Gave a voice to workers rights.

10. Progressive Era Reforms (Page 8)
Political:
Initiative: voters can introduce bill.
Recall: voters can remove elected officials.
Referendum: voters could seek legislators to put a bill on ballot.
Direct Primary: Used by voters to choose candidates
17th amendment: Direct Election of Senators
Civil Service Reform: created commission to monitor hiring in government jobs.

11. Political Reform Impact (Page 8)
Helped end corruption and increased participation in democratic process.

12. Environmental Reform (Page 8)
National Park Service Act: established parks & monuments under federal control.
National Park System: supervision & maintenance of natural parks, monuments.
Impact: Conservation of natural resources by the federal government .

13. American Imperialism
Brain Pop: Theodore Roosevelt

14. American Imperialism: From Isolationism to Expansionism (Page 9)
Military:
Alfred T. Mahan argued for a strong Navy in his book “Influence of Sea Power Upon History”
Protection of territories
Refueling ports

15. American Imperialism (Page 9)
Economic/Political
Need for raw materials and markets.
Open Door Policy— U.S. declares continued trade with China.
Boxer Rebellion
Dollar Diplomacy— Taft’s idea to give economic support to other countries.
Roosevelt Corollary— justified sending U.S. troops to intervene in Central America.

16. American Imperialism (Page 9)
Social
Spread of American institutions
Missionary zeal

17. Examples of American Imperialism (Page 9)

18. Spanish American War (Page 10)
WHO: United States, Spain. Yellow journalism—Pulitzer and Hearst newspapers used this exaggerated form of journalism
When: 1898, USS Maine
Where: Cuba and the Philippines. San Juan Hill Victory of Rough Riders led by Theodore Roosevelt

19. Spanish American War (Page 10)
Why: USS Maine sinks and the U.S. blames Spain.
De’Lome letter calls President McKinley weak. Americans are outraged.
How:
Media—Yellow journalism increases support.
Land—U.S. fought Spain in Cuba and the Phillipines. 
Sea—U.S. defeats Spain quickly.

20. Spanish American War (Page 10)
Significance:
U.S. acquired territory from Spain—Guam, Puerto Rico, and Philippines
Platt Amendment— U.S. could intervene in Cuba
What was the result? U.S. moves into world power
Why is this war considered a turning point? U.S. began to have more international influence

21. World War I (Page 11)
WHO?
President Wilson initially declared neutrality
Alliances:
Allies vs. Central Powers
American Expeditionary Forces (AEF) led by John J. Pershing
Argonne Forest one of the most famous battles (1918)because it shattered the German defenses
Alvin York won the Congressional Medal of Honor

22. Technological Innovations (Page 11)
 Poison gas
 Tanks
 Machine guns
 Airplanes

23. Effects of Technological Innovations (Page 11)
Western Front— hundreds of miles of battle front along eastern France
Trench warfare … led to a
Stalemate led to …
Massive casualties

24. Causes of World War I (Page 11)
Militarism:
build-up of military
Alliances:
joining forces with countries with similar ideology
Imperialism
exercising control over another nation
Nationalism:
extreme loyalty to your nation
Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand

25. Reasons for United States Entry (Page 11)
When
Lusitania is sunk
Germany’s unrestricted submarine warfare
Ties to Allies
Zimmerman Telegram
Sussex Pledge

26. Significance (Page 11) Treaty of Versailles—
Germany reparations and accept
guilt
Woodrow Wilson’s 14 Points
created League of Nations
Great Migration
U.S. returns to isolationism
International instability
Espionage Act of 1917/Sedition Act restricted freedom of speech
Selective Service Act