1. Urinary System:
Outcome: I can describe the main structures found in the kidney and their functions.
Drill:
What are the four main structures/organs in the urinary system?

2. Renal cortex Cortical nephron Juxtamedullary nephron Renal medulla
Types of nephrons and their location
Renal cortex
Cortical
nephron
Juxtamedullary
nephron
Renal
medulla
Minor calyx
© Pearson Education, Inc.
© Pearson Education, Inc.
Figure 24.3 3

3. Gross and Microscopic Anatomy of the Kidney
Nephrons
Microscopic functional units of the kidney
Two types
Cortical nephrons
85 percent of all nephrons
Located primarily in the cortex
Responsible for most regulatory functions
Juxtamedullary nephrons
15 percent of all nephrons
Long nephron loop extending deep into medulla
Essential to producing concentrated urine
© 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.

4. Segments of a Nephron Nephron components Two components
Renal corpuscle
Blood pressure forces water and solutes out of the glomerular capillaries in a process called filtration
Produces filtrate (protein-free solution, similar to blood plasma)
Collected in the surrounding capsular space
Renal tubule
Tubular passageway up to 50 mm long
Receives filtrate and modifies it to create urine
© 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.

5. Segments of a Nephron Nephron segments Renal corpuscle
Glomerular capsule (cup-shaped chamber)
Capillary network (glomerulus)
Proximal convoluted tubule (PCT)
Reabsorbs nutrients from the filtrate (now called tubular fluid)
© 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.

6. Nephron Collecting System Figure 24.4 1 – 2 2 4 Proximal Convoluted
Overview of a nephron and the collecting system
Slide 1
Nephron
Collecting System 2 4
Proximal
Convoluted
Tubule
Distal
Convoluted
Tubule
Renal
tubule 1
Renal
Corpuscle
Efferent arteriole 5
Collecting Duct
Afferent arteriole
Glomerular capsule
Descending
limb of
loop begins
Ascending
limb of
loop ends
Capsular space
Glomerulus 3
Ascending
limb
Nephron Loop 6
Papillary Duct
KEY
Filtrate
Water reabsorption
Variable water reabsorption
Solute reabsorption or secretion
Descending
limb
Variable solute reabsorption
or secretion
© Pearson Education, Inc.
Figure 24.4 1 – 2

7. Arcuate arteries Cortical radiate arteries Afferent arterioles
Arterial blood flow in the kidney
Arcuate
arteries
Cortical radiate
arteries
Afferent arterioles
Interlobar
arteries
Segmental
arteries
Glomerulus
Renal artery
© Pearson Education, Inc.
© Pearson Education, Inc.
Figure 24.5 1

8. Circulation Patterns in the Kidney
Arterial system
Renal artery delivers blood to kidney branching into:
Segmental arteries in the renal sinus, which branch into:
Interlobar arteries running within renal columns and branching into:
Arcuate arteries that arch along the boundary between the renal cortex and renal medulla and branch into:
Cortical radiate arteries that branch into:
Afferent arterioles that supply each nephron, specifically a capillary knot known as a glomerulus
© 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.

9. Cortical radiate veins
Venous blood flow in the kidney
Cortical radiate veins
Arcuate veins
Interlobar
veins
Renal vein
© Pearson Education, Inc.
© Pearson Education, Inc.
Figure 24.5 1

10. Circulation Patterns in the Kidney
Venous system
Cortical radiate veins collect blood from the capillaries of the nephron and drain into:
Arcuate veins, then to:
Interlobar veins, which drain into the:
Renal vein, which drains into the inferior vena cava
© 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.

11. Minor calyx Major calyx Hilum Renal pelvis Ureter Figure 24.3 2
Frontal section of a human kidney
Minor calyx
Major calyx
Hilum
Renal pelvis
Ureter
© Pearson Education, Inc.
© Pearson Education, Inc.
Figure 24.3 2

12. Urinary System:
Exit Ticket:
Describe the pathway of blood flow into the kidney. What arteries are being pass through (in order)?