1. Changes on the Western Frontier 1877-1900
Chapter 5

2. 5.1 Cultures Clash on the Prairie Culture of the Plains Indians
What were the characteristics of the Plains Indians culture?
How did the culture of white settlers differ from that of the Plains Indians?
Why did settlers continue to push westward?

3. 5.1 Cultures Clash on the Prairie Government restrict/bloody battles
How did the government attempt to deal with the growing conflict between Native Americans and white settlers?
Why did the Black Hills become a contested territory between Native Americans and white settlers?
What were the consequences of the defeat of General Custer’s forces?

4. 5.1 Cultures Clash on the Prairie Assimilation/Wounded Knee
What was the Dawes Act and what goals did it seek to achieve?
Why was the destruction of the buffalo so detrimental to the Native American way of life?
What were the causes and consequences of the Battle of Wounded Knee?

5. 5.1 Cultures Clash on the Prairie Cattle Becomes Big Business
What influence did Spanish ranchers have on the American cowboy?
How did the growth on railroads and cities impact the cattle business?
Where did the Chisholm Trail run?

6. 5.1 Cultures Clash on the Prairie Cowboy Life/End of Open Range
How did the cowboy life differ from the popular conception of it?
What was the long drive?
What factors helped to bring an end to the open range?

7. 5.1 DQ’s & Notes
How did the discovery of gold affect the settlement of the West?
What happened at Sand Creek?
What were the terms of the Treaty of Fort Laramie? Why did it fail?
What happened at the Battle of Little Big Horn?
What was the purpose of the Dawes Act?
What happened at Wounded Creek?

8. 5.2 Settling the Great Plains
Why did settlers move westward to farm?
New life, opportunities?
Railroads sold land…
Homestead Act…
Close of frontier – Indian territory – Oklahoma and the Sooners/Boomers…

9. 5.2 Settling the Great Plains
How did settlers meet the challenges of the Great Plains?
Homes out of land – dugouts and sods…
Women worked along side men – women’s roles – yeah right!!!
Inventions – John Deere & steel plow,
Cyrus McCormick & reaper machine saying “you reap what you sow”, barbed wire, etc.

10. 5.2 Settling the Great Plains
Education
Morrill Act 1862 – agricultural colleges
Hatch Act 1887 – agricultural experiments – farmers up to date about techniques
LEAD TO…
DEBT$$$
New machines, land, shipping cost…

11. 5.3 Farmers & Populist Movement Farmers Unite to Address Common Problems
Foreclosures – mortgage for loans (land, supplies, seed, etc…)
Railroads overcharged – no competition.
Economics – not enough money in circulation – Greenbacks pulled.
Alliances – Grange – inform isolated farmers, fight RR, organize farmers.
Farmers Alliance (south & west) educate about loans, gov. control over RR & Banks.
Colored Farmers National Alliance.

12. 5.3 Farmers & Populist Movement The Rise and Fall of Populism
Platform
Increase money supply
Increase price for goods & services
Graduated income tax
Federal loan program
U.S. Senator elected by popular vote
Single term Pres & V.P.
Secret ballot
8 hr. workday

13. 5.3 Farmers & Populist Movement The Rise and Fall of Populism
Populist ideas adopted by the Democratic Party.
Panic of 1893…
Recession led to depression.
Businesses closed, lost jobs, Bank run, too much debt, banks closed.
Dec 1894 – 1/5 unemployed, farm families suffer.

14. 5.3 Farmers & Populist Movement The Rise and Fall of Populism
Silver or Gold – (backed by paper money)
Political Issue
Republicans – Business owners/bankers
Democrats – farmers/laborers
“Silverites” favored bimetallism – more money in circulation
Paper money backed by gold and silver
But…less value per dollar – (hope to get economy going)

15. 5.3 Farmers & Populist Movement The Rise and Fall of Populism
“Gold Bugs” – favored Gold standard
Expensive, more staple
Fewer people with money
1896 Presidential election
William McKinley (R) v. William Jennings Bryan (D)
End of Populism w/ election of McKinley

16. 5.3 Farmers & Populist Movement The Rise and Fall of Populism
Legacy
Workers & Poor can organize
List reforms
20th Century Progressives