1. Drifting Towards Disunion
APUSH Chapter 19
1854 – 1861
How did the Creation of popular sovereignty in the new U.S. territories result in additional conflict that led to the Civil War?

2. Harriet Beecher Stowe (1811–1896)
So this is the lady who
started the Civil War Abraham Lincoln

3. Uncle Tom’s Cabin 1852 p. 411 Sold 300,000 copies in the first year.
2 million in a decade.
What theme of slavery
was the focus of the book?
Role in the build up
to the Civil War?
Southern response?
Who is Hinton R. Helper?

4. The “Know-Nothings” (The American Party)
Nativist
Anti-Catholic
Anti-immigrant
1849  Secret Order of the Star-Spangled Banner created in NYC.

5. 1856 Presidential Election√
James Buchanan John C. Frémont Millard Fillmore Democrat Republican Whig / Know Nothing
Buchanan would prove to be a president who would do little to stop secession

6. 1856 Election Results Role of the Fire-eaters? Why did many
Northerners not
vote for Buchanan?
How did the
election of 1856
set the stage
for 1860?

7. “Bleeding Kansas” Two gov’ts in KN? Border “Ruffians” (pro-slavery
Missourians)
Two gov’ts in KN?

8. John Brown
Abolitionist who led the Pottawatomie Creek Massacre in response to events at Lawrence
Provoked many other attacks between proslavery settlers & free-soilers
In all about 200 people are killed

9. John Brown: Madman, Hero or Martyr?
Unofficial Civil War begins
in KN in 1856
Continues until it merges
with full scale war
in 1861
Mural in the Kansas Capitol by John Steuart Curry (20c)

10. Lecompton Constitution Two governments in KN?
Written in 1857 by the proslavery gov’t at Lecompton, Kansas who was trying to join the Union as a slave state
Free-Soilers greatly outnumbered the proslavery settlers and rejected the document
President Buchanan endorsed the proslavery Lecompton Constitution b/c so many proslavery Southerners had helped him win the presidency
What was the reaction to this across the country?

11. “The Crime Against Kansas” 
Sen. Charles Sumner (R-MA)
Rep. Preston Brooks (D-SC)

12. The caning of Charles Sumner
In the Senate, 1856 Charles Sumner gives an anti-slavery speech in which he insults an SC Senator, Andrew Butler
Sen. Butler’s nephew, Preston Brooks later walks into the Senate and beats Sumner in the head repeatedly with his cane

13. Dred Scott v. Sanford, 1857 Why did Scott claim he was free in 1834?
B/C he had lived in free territories
What did the Supreme Court say about Dred Scott & slaves in general?

14. Dred Scott Case Three rulings in the Dred Scott Case
Slaves did not have rights of citizens
Scott had no claim to freedom b/c he was living in MO
Missouri Compromise was unconstitutional. Why?
Popular sovereignty also unconstitutional

15. What caused the Panic of 1857?? p. 419
What were its affects on the nation?

16. The Lincoln-Douglas (Illinois Senate) Debates, 1858
A House divided against itself, cannot stand. - Abraham Lincoln
Most famous debate?
Major Issues of the debate?

17. Popular Sovereignty outlawed by the Dred Scott Decision?
Stephen Douglas & the Freeport Doctrine:
Effort to revive Popular Sovereignty

18. John Brown’s Raid on Harper’s Ferry, 1859
Plan?
Reaction across the United States?

19. 1860 Election: A Nation Coming Apart?!

20. √ Abraham Lincoln Republican
John Bell Constitutional Union
1860
Presidential Election
Stephen A. Douglas Northern Democrat
John C. Breckinridge Southern Democrat

21. Republican Party Platform in 1860 p. 426
Non-extension of slavery [for the Free-Soilers.
Protective tariff [for the N. Industrialists].
No abridgment of rights for immigrants [a disappointment for the “Know-Nothings”].
Government aid to build a Pacific RR [for the Northwest].
Internal improvements [for the West] at federal expense.
Free homesteads for the public domain [for farmers].

22. 1860 Election Results What is significant about the election?
Why did the Democrats split?
Why was Douglass unacceptable to some Democrats?
Why would SC be pleased
with the result?
What did the Republicans
seem to threaten?

23. Secession!: SC Dec. 20, 1860

24. Late 1860 SC unanimously voted to secede
By states had left the Union
Jefferson Davis chosen as CSA President
13 original states voluntarily entered the union
11 southern states would leave
Based on what precedent?

25. Why was Lincoln unable to stop the breakup of the Union?
Why did Buchanan believe he did not have the power to stop secession?

26. Crittenden Compromise: A Last Ditch Appeal to the South
Senator John Crittenden (Know-Nothing-KY)
Terms:
Slavery prohibited north of 36,30
Slavery protected by feds south of 36,30
Rejected by Lincoln

27. Fort Sumter: April 12, 1861