1. Comparing the three major principles of Chinese moral order
Eastern Philosophies
Comparing the three major principles of Chinese moral order

2. Confucianism

3. Confucius 551 – 479 B.C.E. Born in the feudal state of Liu.
Chaos and corruption was all over China
Believed that people can be taught virtue
If people are taught virtue then society
will be a better place
Became a teacher and editor of books.
Traveled around China teaching virtue

4. Major Confucian Principles
Li --> Appropriate behavior, order, responsibility, ritual (Binding force of an enduring stable society)
Jen (wren) --> human heartedness; goodness; benevolence,
Shu --> Respect, reciprocity, empathy
Do not do unto others what you would not want others to do unto you.
Yi --> Righteousness, be the superior man
Xiao --> Filial Piety, reverence (Respect your elders!)

5. Confucian 5 Relationships
Ruler and Subject
Father and Son
Husband and Wife
Older Brother and Younger Brother
Friend and Friend
Each relationship is based on respect, responsibility and kindness

6. Confucian Sayings
The superior man is modest in his speech, but exceeds in his actions.
Virtue is not left alone. He who practices it will have neighbors.
Our greatest glory is not never falling, but rising every time we fall.

7. Legalism

8. Han Fei
280? B.C.E.
Han Fe Zi.
Lived during the late Warring States period.
Allowed Emperor Qin Shi Huangdi to unify China
Legalism became the political philosophy of the Qin [Ch’in] Dynasty.

9. Major Legalist Principles
1. Human nature is naturally selfish.
2. Intellectualism and literacy is discouraged.
3. Law is the supreme authority and replaces morality.
4. The ruler must rule with a strong, punishing hand.
5. War is the means of strengthening a ruler’s power.

10. Daoism

11. Lao Zi [Lao-Tzu] His name means “Old Master”
Not sure when he died. [604 B.C.E. - ?]
His name means “Old Master”
Wrote the Dao De Jing (Tao Te Ching)
Book of poems that explains the Dao
and Daoist philosophy
Did not found religion, but did organize it and made it popular

13. Major Daoist Principles
1. Dao [Tao] is the first-cause of the universe. It is a force that flows through all life.
2. A believer’s goal is to become one with Dao; one with nature.
Find balance and harmony between one’s self, nature and the universe
3. Wu wei --> “Let nature take its course.” > “The art of doing nothing.” > “Go with the flow!”
4. Man is unhappy because he lives according to man-made laws, customs, & traditions that are contrary to the ways of nature.

14. The Uniqueness of Eastern Philosophy
How is a man to live in a world dominated by chaos, suffering, and absurdity?
Confucianism --> Moral order in society.
Know your role and act with virtue
Man can be taught virtue
Legalism -----> Rule by harsh law & order.
Daoism > Freedom for individuals and less govt To avoid uniformity and conformity.
Balance and Harmony with everything.

15. What's Your Philosophy of Life?

16. How would a (Confucianist, Daoist, Legalist) handle the situation
Use one of the Eastern Philosophies to analyze and react to each of the following situation

17. Your Friend did not do their homework and wants to copy your work before class starts
Use one of the Eastern Philosophies to analyze and react to the following situation

18. You and your friends get stopped by the police for skateboarding on front street
Use one of the Eastern Philosophies to analyze and react to the following situation

19. At the football game some Baldwin students start harassing you and your friends, talking smack about you and your school
Use one of the Eastern Philosophies to analyze and react to the following situation

20. While Surfing someone cuts you off and steals your Wave
Use one of the Eastern Philosophies to analyze and react to the following situation

21. At the store with some of your friends and they decide to steal some candy
Use one of the Eastern Philosophies to analyze and react to the following situation