1. The Labor Movement

2. Colonial Times to the 1930s
Most unions up until 1820 were skilled workers with strong bargaining power
After 1820, immigrants began to arrive and posed a threat to unions
From the Civil War to the 1930s manufacturing expanded and farming declined

3. Colonial Times to the 1930s
Early unions formed to negotiate terms for their members
Employers and courts opposed them
First attempt to organize labor was in 1778 with printers of NYC

4. Colonial Times to the 1930s
Working conditions were difficult in some industries – hostile feelings about unions declined
Types of unions in industrial post-Civil War period
Craft Union or Trade Union
Industrial Union

5. Colonial Times to the 1930s Unions helped workers by
Negotiating higher pay
Helping job security
Achieving better hours and working conditions

6. Colonial Times to the 1930s
Workers would strike, picket, and even boycott if employers did not meet agreements.
Employers fought back with a lockout or even a company union.
Courts during this period held an unfavorable attitude toward unions

7. Labor Since the 1930s
Common problems from the Great Depression united factory workers and renewed union efforts
Congress passed a series of labor protection laws that supported organized labor during the 1930s, many are still in effect today

8. Labor Since the 1930s
Union movement grew strong by the end of World War II
Public opinion of unions began to shift again
Taft-Hartley Act of 1947 allowed individual states to pass a right-to-work law

9. Labor Since the 1930s
The American Federation of Labor and the Congress of Industrial Organizations merged in 1955
The AFL-CIO manages the majority of unions in the US
Those not belonging to the AFL-CIO are called independent unions

10. Organized Labor Today Union arrangements Closed Shop Union Shop
Modified Union Shop
Agency Shop
Get a book and define the different types of union arrangements, starts on page 203