1. Unit 1 Lesson 3 Representing Data Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

2. Unit 1 Lesson 3 Representing Data Indiana Standards Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company NOS 7.5 Use the principles of accuracy and precision when making measurement. NOS 7.9 Evaluate possible causes for differing results (valid data). NOS 7.11 Communicate findings using graphs, charts, maps, and models through oral and written reports.

3. Get Organized! Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company How do scientists make sense of data? Scientific investigations involve the collection of data in the form of facts, figures, and other evidence. The more data a scientist collects, the greater the need for the data to be organized in some way. Unit 1 Lesson 3 Representing Data

4. How do scientists make sense of data? Data tables are one of many ways scientists organize their data. Scientists often use data tables to organize and record many observations and measurements. Data tables show information grouped in columns and rows. Units of measurement are shown in the column headings. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Unit 1 Lesson 3 Representing Data

5. How do scientists make sense of data? Scientists use different types of graphs for analyzing patterns and trends. The type of graph depends on the data they collected and the relationship being studied. Circle graphs are ideal for showing data that are parts of a whole. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Unit 1 Lesson 3 Representing Data

6. How do scientists make sense of data? Each part of a circle graph represents a percentage of the whole circle. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Unit 1 Lesson 3 Representing Data

7. Circle Up! Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company What do graphs show? Circle graphs are used to show how each group of data relates to all the data. Bar graphs are used to compare data in a number of categories. Line graphs are used to show changes in variables over time. Unit 1 Lesson 3 Representing Data

8. Test Drive the New Model Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company How do scientists evaluate models? A scientific model can be a visual or mathematical representation of an object or system. Models are useful for showing things that are too small, too large, or too complex to see easily. Unit 1 Lesson 3 Representing Data

9. How do scientists evaluate models? This plant cell model shows the parts of the cell more clearly than they can be seen under a microscope. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Unit 1 Lesson 3 Representing Data

10. How do scientists evaluate models? Scientists use models in many ways. Scientists can use models to make predictions before an investigation and to represent results after an investigation. To use a model wisely, scientists must evaluate a model’s strengths and limitations. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Unit 1 Lesson 3 Representing Data

11. How do scientists evaluate models? A model can be evaluated by how much it can explain. Models can be simple or complex and can be made of any material. The important thing is for a model to be a good representation of the real object or system. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Unit 1 Lesson 3 Representing Data

12. How do scientists evaluate models? A model can be evaluated by how well it can adapt. A good model that is based on evidence can even help scientists discover new information. For example, when scientists built a model of DNA, they learned more about how genetic information is transmitted. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Unit 1 Lesson 3 Representing Data

13. How do scientists evaluate models? A model can be evaluated by how many limitations it has. Scientists can choose to use models that provide more information about certain things. Sometimes, new data do not fit the model made by scientists. Scientists must identify the ways in which a model does not match the real object or system. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Unit 1 Lesson 3 Representing Data