1. Click to edit Master title style Click to edit Master subtitle style CLICKER QUESTIONS For CAMPBELL BIOLOGY, NINTH EDITION Jane B. Reece, Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Robert B. Jackson © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Conservation Biology and Restoration Ecology Chapter 56 Questions prepared by Eric Ribbens Western Illinois University John Zarnetske Hoosick Falls Central Schools

2. © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. From a biological viewpoint, diversity means different kinds of a)ecosystems. b)trophic levels. c)species. d)genotypes. e)both c and d.

3. © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Introduced species are sometimes a problem usually because they a)are predators. b)are better competitors. c)displace mutualists. d)exploit unused resources. e)are omnivores.

4. © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Chapter 56 points out that many endangered or extinct species live in freshwater habitats, such as along the Mississippi River. Chapter 55 mentions that eutrophication has been one major source of freshwater destruction and damage. Since nitrogen is a major contributor to eutrophication, one good solution would be to a)breed varieties of duckweed that absorb lots of phosphorus. b)fertilize cornfields during the summer instead of in spring. c)prevent runoff of nitrogen fertilizers from agricultural land. d)require all wastewater dumped in the Mississippi River to go through a wastewater treatment facility first. e)build more levees so the river runs to the Gulf of Mexico faster.

5. © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. The first graph shown below shows the Illinois prairie chicken population between 1970 and 2000. The second figure shows that egg viability declined sharply as the number of males decreased. However, the text says that there used to be millions of prairie chickens in Illinois in the 19th century. The graph doesn’t go back that far, but the most important reason for the large reduction in prairie chickens between 1850 and 1950 was a)a skewed sex ratio. b)habitat loss. c)an increase in feral dogs. d)a lack of genetically diverse males. e)the population fell below its MVP.

6. © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. The map below shows earth’s biodiversity hot spots. There are several interesting patterns here, one of which is that there are no biodiversity hot spots a)north of the equator. b)on islands. c)in Europe. d)in areas with lots of people. e)near the poles.

7. © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. The map shows the amount of land needed to protect the grizzly bear population in western Wyoming. Assuming there are no changes to park size in the future, you can predict that a)where there are grizzly bears, there will be wolves. b)grizzly bears will probably disappear from Wyoming. c)grizzly bears will learn to not bother people. d)there are 50 grizzly bears living in Yellowstone National Park. e)more bears live outside the parks than inside the parks.

8. © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Costa Rica has established an extensive network of national parks and buffer zones to protect its biodiversity. However, a recent study showed that habitat loss outside these zones is significant. This shows that a)Costa Rica is too small. b)habitat zones don’t work. c)biodiversity can take care of itself. d)protecting biodiversity is difficult. e)the laws need to be enforced better.

9. © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Biophilia means our connection to nature and love of other forms of life. Biophilia is a)a new religious concept, closely associated with new-age religions. b)an economically viable alternative model. c)a way to describe the common belief that other species are entitled to life. d)a theory to explain people who hang animal heads on their walls. e)a new form of deviant sexuality.

10. © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Because decomposition is slow when it is cold, boreal forests, tundras, and peatlands have stored enormous quantities of carbon. Scientists are concerned that a)warmer temperatures will increase decomposition rates, putting even more carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. b)warmer temperatures will shift these biomes further south, resulting in even more accumulation of carbon-containing compounds. c)warmer temperatures will increase the growth of plants in these biomes, resulting in even more accumulation of carbon-containing compounds. d)warmer temperatures will remove keystone predators and destabilize these biomes, resulting in unpredictable changes to carbon emissions. e)all of the above

11. © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. We are concerned about carbon dioxide increases in our global atmosphere. Imagine that we planted trees to grow into a forest, over a large area perhaps the size of Australia. Would this be a good way to stop or slow the accumulation of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere? a)No, because plants release carbon dioxide when they do photosynthesis. b)Yes, because the trees would convert carbon dioxide into wood. c)Perhaps, but when the trees died and decayed, the carbon dioxide would be returned to the atmosphere. d)It is unlikely that plants could make much difference in global air concentrations. e)Yes, because it would show the world we were serious about stopping global warming.

12. © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. The graph below shows carbon dioxide levels and average global temperatures from 1958 to 2009. We can conclude several things from the graph, including which of the following? a)Over the 50 years of data, there appears to be a positive correlation between carbon dioxide levels and average global temperatures. b)Over the 50 years of data, carbon dioxide concentrations have increased. c)Over the 50 years of data, average global temperatures have increased. d)There was more variation in temperature than in carbon dioxide concentrations. e)All of the above are correct.

13. © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. This figure shows the dead zone in the Gulf of Mexico. The dead zone is larger in the summer than in the winter. This is probably because a)temperatures are cooler in the winter. b)less water flows down the Mississippi in the winter. c)there is more nitrogen and other nutrients being delivered to the Gulf of Mexico in the summer. d)decomposition of leaf litter is lower in the winter. e)hurricanes are more likely in the summer.