2. The American Dream

4. Graduation rates What is the percentage of first generation students who will not earn an undergraduate degree within six years of starting their degree???

5. Social differences/ disparities

6. Social stratification O A system of social standing, social stratification refers to a society’s categorization of its people into rankings on socioeconomic tiers based on factors like wealth, income, race, education and power

7. Patterns of inequality

8. Stratification as a social pattern O Individuals are unequal O Systematic differences – based on group membership O Class O Race O Structure of the society affects person’s standing – social stratification is created and supported by society as a whole

12. Stratification based on what society values

13. Family is the key source of social standing O Families pass social position O Cultural resources O Children inherit social norms – cultural capital

14. Systems of stratifications

15. Indian caste system

19. Class system is an open system of stratification O A class consists of a set of people who share similar status based on: O Income O Wealth O Education O Occupation

20. Class is a open system of stratification O Occupations are not fixed at birth O Exogamous marriages O High social mobility

21. Meritocracy

23. Status consistency and inconsistency O Status consistency O Income O Social status O Power O If you have higher on one then you are high on other. O Caste system has high status consistency.

24. US stratification and mobility O Overall economic growth and better standard of living. O Class mobility is possible

25. United states is an highly unequal society O WHY?? O 1% of population holds 1/3 nations wealth. O Feminization of poverty O Wage stagnation

26. United states is an highly unequal society O Inequalities of social status O Status attached to occupations O Income made by different professionals O High rates of poverty (40 million people on food stamps)

28. US class structure

29. How does the upper class look? O Power – corporate leaders O Important decision makers O Media owner – shape public opinions O Board members of universities – culture O Socialites and celebrities

30. Middle class O Upper and lower middle class O Professional degrees O Lower middle class carry less prestige O Comfortable living

31. Lower class O Working Class O Working poor

32. The underclass

33. Graduation rates 1.More than 1.3 million students drop out of high school every year in the US. 2.More than 20% of dropouts are foreign born. Another 17% are Hispanic students. 3.A high-school dropout is ineligible for 90% of jobs in America. 4.Kids who don't read proficiently by 4th grade are 4 times likelier to drop out of school. Reading books (for pleasure, not school) improves literacy rates and prevents dropouts

35. 6.In 2009, the Northeast had a lower status dropout rate (7.1%) than the South and the West (8.4% and 8.6%, respectively) 7.After World War II, the United States had the #1 high school graduation rate in the world. Today, we have dropped to #22 among 27 industrialized nations. 8.The percentage of students enrolling in college in the fall immediately following high school completion was 68.2% in 2011. Females enrolled at a higher rate (72.2%) than males (64.7%).

36. 9.Roughly 80% of white and Asian students complete high school, compared to 55% African-American and Hispanic students. 10.A high-school graduate’s lifetime income is 50 to 100% higher than a non-graduate’s. 11.In 2012, only 21 states in the US required students to attend high school until they are 18 or earn a diploma.

37. What are the high school graduation rates for high-poverty schools, according to school administrators? In 2007–08, the average percentage of 12th-graders in high-poverty secondary schools who graduated with a diploma during the previous year was lower than the average percentage for 12th-graders in low-poverty secondary). About 68 percent of 12th-graders in high-poverty schools and 91 percent of 12th-graders in low-poverty schools graduated with a diploma. Since 1999– 2000, the average percentage of seniors in high-poverty schools who graduated with a diploma has declined by 18 percentage points, from 86 to 68 percent. In contrast, there was no measurable difference between the 1999–2000 graduation rate in low-poverty schools and the 2007–08 rate in low-poverty schools.