2. WELCOME to Seminar 4! We will begin on time. Meanwhile, enjoy chatting. You just can't beat the person who never gives up. - Babe Ruth

3. It’s SHOWTIME !!!!!!!! Welcome to Seminar #4 How is everyone today? How was your week?

4. Unit 4 Discussion Open one of the Unit 1 articles about your topic. Copy and paste an interesting section of fewer than 40 words from the article. Do not change any of the words, and be sure to pick information that might be helpful for writing your paper.

5. In the Discussion Quote: –Enclose the words from the article within quotation marks and cite, using APA format. –Do not change any of the words. Paraphrase the quoted material. –The paraphrase must be in your own words and have APA in-text citation. Repeat the process for the second quote. Label all parts of the discussion. Post questions you may have.

6. Project: Sample APA References Page Use all of the five sources listed under Unit 4 Project. Those sources are not in APA format. Put the sources in APA format. A sample project is provided in the Project section. Each reference should begin at the left margin. Additional lines are indented 5 spaces. This is known as a hanging indent. For help with APA format, follow samples in the “APA Cheat Sheet” in doc sharing.

7. Sample APA References Page Begin with a header, not a title page. This is NOT APA, so do not do this for the final project. The word References must be centered at the top of the references. Double space the entire page only. Do not leave extra lines between references.

8. Your Reference Page Should Look Like This References Description. (n.d.) Island Interlude. Retrieved on July 16, 2007, from http://www.swordweb.com/islandinterlude General real estate info. (n.d.). Calypso Realty. Retrieved on July 16, 2007, from http://www.calypsorealty.com/ St. Thomas rental. (n.d.). A-1 Vacations. Retrieved on July 16, 2007, from http://www.a1vacations.com/US-Virgin-Islands/vacation- condo-St-Thomas/p143120.htm

9. Double Spacing All of your work must be double spaced, including this week’s project. If you have Word 2007 (the new version of Microsoft Word), you will not be able to successfully double space your work unless you change the default settings. If you have Word 2007, go to doc sharing, download “Word 2007,” and follow the simple directions to make the permanent changes.

10. 12 Point Font In you have Word 2007, the default font setting is 11 point, not 12. The easiest way to fix this problem permanently is to change the default setting, using the direction in doc sharing in Word 2007. Making the changes is easy, and failure to make the changes will result in your losing grade points, so make the changes right away!

11. What is a reference page, and when must you include a reference page with your work? What is a reference page, and when must you include a reference page with your work?

12. The Reference Page The reference page is the list of materials you used in your writing. Whenever you use someone else's words or ideas, the source of that material must be listed on a reference page. The reference page is a separate page at the end of your work.

13. How to Avoid Forgetting to Include Sources One of the ways I avoid problems is by doing my reference page at the same time as I am writing my paper. Every time I use information from a source, I immediately put in the in text citation (author’s last name, date) and then scroll down and put the reference on my Reference Page. This assures that I will not forget to include all references.

14. The Reference Page: Book Frankl, V. (1984). Man’s search for meaning. New York: Simon & Schuster. 1) A uthor's last name, first initial, not first name 2) Publication date in parenthesis, followed by a period 3) Name of the book, italicized or underlined, followed by a period 4) CITY where the book was published, followed by a colon (:) 5) Name of the publishing company, followed by a period

15. Notice the hanging indent Frankl, V. (1984). Man’s search for meaning. New York: Simon & Schuster. The first line of the reference begins at the left margin. Additional lines are indented 5-7 spaces.

16. In what order should the items on a reference page be listed? In what order should the items on a reference page be listed?

17. Alphabetical Order Items on the reference page must be in alphabetical order. 1) First preference for alphabetizing is the author's last name. For example: Frankl, V. (1984). Man's search for meaning. New York: Simon & Schuster. What if there is no author? What do you do then?

18. If you don’t have an author 2) Alphabetize by the title of the article. There may be times when the author isn’t listed. In that case, begin with the title of the article (if there is one). For example: Ave Maria may be forced to repay loans. (2004, July 9). The News-Press, p. B2. What if there is no author and no article title?

19. Alphabetize by the name of the book, magazine, or web site. This will probably happen most frequently with web sites. Alphabetize by the name of the web site, but do NOT alphabetize using a web address (www.xxx).www.xxx Alan Furman & Co. Retrieved on July 18, 2003, from the World Wide Web http://www.alanfurman.com.http://www.alanfurman.com Information retrieved from the Internet often does not list complete reference information. You can put ONLY what you can find. If the information is not there, omit it.

20. How to Cite Web Sites A web site is not the same as the Kaplan electronic databases, which are part of a library. Web sites are not part of any library. Instead, they are online sites that people post for varying reasons. Sometimes you don’t have a lot of information about a web site, so use only what you have. Do NOT under any circumstances list only a web address or alphabetize by www. If you can't find an author or an article title, alphabetize by the name of the web site.

21. Remember that a web site citation ends with "Retrieved on” date YOU found the information “from” web address. Here is a sample of how to cite a web site. Dooley, M. (2008). The story. Totally Unique Thoughts. Retrieved August 18, 2008, from http://www.tut.com/about/http://www.tut.com/about/

22. DATABASES  Let's talk about articles from the Kaplan Library Electronic Databases since you are using so many of from that source.  What are Electronic Databases?

23. Electronic databases are an online library. Articles contained in the databases were originally published in hard copy form in a magazine, newspaper, or journal. For example, the articles might come from such sources as US News and World Report, Time, Nation, Christian Science Monitor, USA Today, etc. What are the names of some of the Kaplan Electronic Databases?

24. MasterFile Premier, Academic Search Premier, Business Source Elite, Proquest Criminal Justice, Newspaper Source, Health Source Nursing are all Kaplan electronic databases. Kaplan also has a number of other databases. On the reference page, how do you indicate that you have taken information from one of the Kaplan Electronic Databases?

25. If you read articles from an online database, so you must indicate that. You must use the word RETRIEVED followed by the date YOU found the article and then the word FROM and the name of the database. On your reference page, it would look like this: Author's last name, first initial. (date published). Title of article. Name of Magazine, volume, (issue). Retrieved on date you found the article, from name of database.

26. Lord, L. (2003). A first lady of many firsts. US News and World Report, 135 (20). Retrieved February 16, 2004, from Academic Search Premier database. Notice how the end of the reference names the database. Also note that you must include the name of the magazine as well as the title of the article.

27. When you use borrowed material, where must you give credit?

28. Using Borrowed Material In your essays, you MUST cite all borrowed material in TWO places: in the text and on the reference page. –In the text, borrowed material is followed by the source in parenthesis. –The same information must appear on the reference page. Interviews are an exception as they are documented in the text only.

29. What is a quotation?

30. A quotation is when you use someone else's exact words. How do you indicate to the reader that you are using someone else's words?

31. To indicate that you are using someone else's words, place those words within quotation marks and cite. What do you put in the text to tell your reader the source of your information?

32. We no longer use footnotes. Now the information should be placed within parenthesis :  (author's last name, date, page number).  "There is only one way under high heaven to get anybody to do anything....And that is by making the other person want to do it" (Carnegie, 1998, p. 17). Note: the period goes at the end of the parenthesis, not at the end of the quote.

33. Use the word you alphabetize by on the reference page as the first word in your parenthesis.  Reference Page: Smith, J. (1999)  In the text: (Smith, 1999, p. 25). If there isn't any author listed, use the title of the article.  Reference Page: To test or not to test (2005)  In the text: (To test, 2005)

34. Consider this reference Lord, L. (2003). A first lady of many firsts. US News and World Report, 135 (20). Retrieved February 16, 2004, from Academic Search Elite database. What would an in text citation for this article look like?

35. And the answer is: In the text: (Lord, 2003) The in-text citation and the reference page must match. Reference Page: Lord, L. ( 2003 ). A first lady of many firsts. US News and World Report, 135(20). Retrieved February 16, 2004, from Academic Search Elite database.

36. What is a paraphrase?

37. Paraphrase A paraphrase is when you put someone else’s words into your own words. You can't copy and paste a few words from different sentences and call it your own. Either reword the information completely or put it within quotation marks. When paraphrasing, avoid plagiarizing accidentally by using your own words and sentence structure. If you include an author's exact words, enclose them in quotation marks.

38. Must you cite when you paraphrase?

39. Yes! Even though you are using your own words, you still need to include an in text citation that identifies the original source of the ideas. You must also include it on your reference page. Whether paraphrasing or quoting an author directly, after the borrowed material, document: (author’s last name, date, page number).

40. Example of a Quotation & Citation Quotation: –“Thoughts become things” (Dooley, 2008). When quoting, use the author’s exact words and place those words within quotation marks. The in text citations can be placed at the end of the quotation with the period after the citation. Alternative method of quoting: –According to writer and speaker Mike Dooley (2008), “Thoughts become things.” If you use the author’s name in the sentence with the quotation, put the date after the author’s name instead of at the end.

41. Examples of Paraphrases Quotation: –“Thoughts become things” (Dooley, 2008). Paraphrase: –According to Mike Dooley (2008), the author of the TUT Adventurers’ web site, the thoughts that a person holds in his or her mind become manifested in the material world. OR –Thinking produces tangible results. (Dooley, 2008) Note that in both paraphrases, all the important words were changed.

42. Writing Tip: Then & Than The word THEN is defined as (1) Next in time, space, or order: I watched the late movie and THEN went to bed. (2) At that time: I was still in school THEN. (3) In addition; moreover; besides: It costs $20, and THEN there's the sales tax to pay. (4) In that case; accordingly: If traffic is heavy, THEN allow extra time. (5) As a consequence; therefore: The case, THEN, is closed.

43. Then & Than (continued) The word THAN is used to compare two or more things: He is taller THAN she is. As you can see, THEN has a lot of meanings, but THAN is used only for comparison. If you find you are confused, ask yourself if you are comparing anything. If not, choose THEN.