1. Chapter 21 Relationships to Allied Fields Relationships to Allied Fields

2. Introduction Early in the 20 th Century, three emerging fields under the umbrella of Physical Education 1.Recreation 2.Health 3.Dance Early in the 20 th Century, three emerging fields under the umbrella of Physical Education 1.Recreation 2.Health 3.Dance

3. Recreation Defined as activities chosen voluntarily during leisure time Known as “recreation and leisure services industry” Annual expenditures over $490 billion to $1 trillion per year Providers are private and public Defined as activities chosen voluntarily during leisure time Known as “recreation and leisure services industry” Annual expenditures over $490 billion to $1 trillion per year Providers are private and public

4. Professional Preparation for Recreation Started in 1930 By 1960’s, preparation led to a general recreation specialist Today 25 different types of recreation positions exist 550 institutions of higher education offer a curriculum in recreation/leisure services The largest of numerous professional organizations is the National Recreation and Park Association (NRPA) formed in 1966 Started in 1930 By 1960’s, preparation led to a general recreation specialist Today 25 different types of recreation positions exist 550 institutions of higher education offer a curriculum in recreation/leisure services The largest of numerous professional organizations is the National Recreation and Park Association (NRPA) formed in 1966

5. 10 Distinct Areas of Professional Recreation Service & Employment 1.Public recreation and park agencies 2.Non-profit organizations 3.Commercial recreation 4.Therapeutic recreation 5.Armed forces recreation 1.Public recreation and park agencies 2.Non-profit organizations 3.Commercial recreation 4.Therapeutic recreation 5.Armed forces recreation (Kraus, 2002)

6. 10 Distinct Areas of Professional Recreation Service & Employment, cont’d 6.Employee services and recreation 7.Private membership groups 8.Campus recreation 9.Sport management 10.Travel, tourism, and hospitality 6.Employee services and recreation 7.Private membership groups 8.Campus recreation 9.Sport management 10.Travel, tourism, and hospitality (Kraus, 2002)

7. Current Issues Regarding the Field of Recreation Reduction and elimination of constraints that affect access, i.e., work, gender Baby boomers approaching retirement age Specialization of the field Reduction and elimination of constraints that affect access, i.e., work, gender Baby boomers approaching retirement age Specialization of the field

8. Health Traditionally, the focus has been on children and youth Since the mid-1980’s, the tradition has changed due to the “health enhancement industry” “Healthy People 2010” outline new health promotion concepts Traditionally, the focus has been on children and youth Since the mid-1980’s, the tradition has changed due to the “health enhancement industry” “Healthy People 2010” outline new health promotion concepts

9. Health Promotion Concepts 1.Physical activity 2.Overweight and obesity 3.Tobacco use 4.Substance abuse 5.Mental health 1.Physical activity 2.Overweight and obesity 3.Tobacco use 4.Substance abuse 5.Mental health

10. Health Promotion Concepts, cont’d 6.Injury and violence 7.Environmental quality 8.Immunization 9.Access to health care 6.Injury and violence 7.Environmental quality 8.Immunization 9.Access to health care

11. Areas of Health Promotion 1.School health and community health education 2.Government health (state, county, municipal levels) 3.Federal levels of health education 4.Non-profit health organizations 5.Corporate and private industries 1.School health and community health education 2.Government health (state, county, municipal levels) 3.Federal levels of health education 4.Non-profit health organizations 5.Corporate and private industries

12. Worksite Health Programs Reasons for supporting health programs at work: –Increased worker productivity –Reduced absenteeism –Increased morale –Reduction in worker compensation claims –Reduction of insurance costs Reasons for supporting health programs at work: –Increased worker productivity –Reduced absenteeism –Increased morale –Reduction in worker compensation claims –Reduction of insurance costs

13. Preparation for Health Education Some employers prefer certifications (CHES) or MPH 300 professional preparation programs for health educators Private sectors have no regulations regarding employment School health educators must be certified and licensed Many receive undergraduate degrees in a health-related major Some employers prefer certifications (CHES) or MPH 300 professional preparation programs for health educators Private sectors have no regulations regarding employment School health educators must be certified and licensed Many receive undergraduate degrees in a health-related major

14. Dance Dance can be either of the following: –Cultural art form –Strongly educational –A means of expression –Form of fitness Dance can be either of the following: –Cultural art form –Strongly educational –A means of expression –Form of fitness

15. Physical Education and Dance Inclusion of dance occurred in the 20 th Century Margaret H’Doubler established dance as part of PE curriculum (1920’s) Included creative dance into elementary school curriculum Folk dance units were included in middle to high school PE curriculum Jazz and other specialties were infrequent and chosen as electives Inclusion of dance occurred in the 20 th Century Margaret H’Doubler established dance as part of PE curriculum (1920’s) Included creative dance into elementary school curriculum Folk dance units were included in middle to high school PE curriculum Jazz and other specialties were infrequent and chosen as electives

16. Teacher Training with Dance and Physical Education One or two classes were required as part of the PE curriculum Dance wasn’t included with many school programs Dance was rediscovered in the 1970’s Promotion of dance and dance education increased Dance was added to AAHPER in 1980 One or two classes were required as part of the PE curriculum Dance wasn’t included with many school programs Dance was rediscovered in the 1970’s Promotion of dance and dance education increased Dance was added to AAHPER in 1980

17. Dance As its Own Discipline Art education became a focus of school curriculum reform (1980’s) Dance became one of the best vehicles for achieving goals in multi- cultural education Many colleges and universities offer majors or minors in Dance Ballet and modern dance remain the strongest dance forms Few states offer teaching certifications in dance Art education became a focus of school curriculum reform (1980’s) Dance became one of the best vehicles for achieving goals in multi- cultural education Many colleges and universities offer majors or minors in Dance Ballet and modern dance remain the strongest dance forms Few states offer teaching certifications in dance

18. Chapter 21 Relationships to Allied Fields