1. Today in History September 7, 2011 1940: Nazi Germany began its initial blitz on London during World War II 1000 German planes 1 million London homes damaged Over 40,000 civilians killed Over 46,000 injured Continuous bombing for 76 days

2. FDR Takes Charge September 7, 2011 I hate war. FRANKLIN DELANO ROOSEVELT

3. 1932 Election Great Depression going strong Hoover (R) v. Franklin D. Roosevelt (D) FDR BA History Harvard NY Governor Relatively unknown Grew up UPPER class Elite schools & colleges Married distant cousin –Eleanor Roosevelt –“Eyes & ears” –Compassionate/ Bonus Army Polio –No treatment then –Legs paralyzed

4. 1932 Campaign FDR wins by 7 million votes No time wasted Day after inauguration passed emergency banking bill: power to declare HOLIDAY –Banks ordered to close –Get accounts in order First 100 Days –New Deal: 15 bills proposed & passed by Congress 1 st New Deal: helped banks, businesses, & infrastructure Fireside chats: weekly radio announcements to CALM Americans

5. 1 st New Deal Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) –Insured Bank Deposits up to $5000 Securities & Exchange Commission (SEC) –Regulate Stock Market/ make safer Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA) –Helps FARMERS –STOP overproduction & increase farm prices Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) –Built dams Civil Conservation Corps. (CCC) –Replant trees, build trails, irrigation, ditches, etc. Federal Emergency Relief Act (FERA) –Unemployment

6. Home Owners Loan Corp (HOLC) –Loan $$$ low interest to homeowners Federal Housing Admin. (FHA) –Insured bank loans for building/ repairing homes Public Works Admin. (PWA) –Built bridges, dams, power plants, gov’t buildings –Increase Jobs & infrastructure 2 nd New Deal: benefits PEOPLE –Unemployed, elderly, poor, farmers, workers Social Security Act Pension for retirees Insurance for work related injuries Financed through payroll taxes FLAW: doesn’t apply if work from home –Widows less $$$ than widowers

7. Rural Electrification Admin. (REA) –Loan $$$ to electric companies to build power lines –1930s: 10% farms have electricity –1950s: 80% have electricity National Labor Relations Act (Wagner Act) –Workers allowed to join unions & collective bargain –Collective bargain: negotiate hours, wages, working conditions, etc. Fair Labor Standard Act –Minimum Wage (25 cents/ hour) –Max of 44 hours/ week –No child labor 1936 Election –FDR wins NEW DEAL helps but does NOT end GREAT DEPRESSION – what does??? New Deal changes role of U.S. gov’t