1. Somalia By: Shane B and Sal N

2. Location

3. Ethnic Groups of Somalia Ethnic Groups of Somalia include:  Sunni Muslim  Islamist Militias They are located where they are because their dictatorship collapsed in 1991 and separate clans took control of the land

4. Major Conflicts in Somalia The major cause of conflict in Somalia is the separate clans and their leaders fighting for control over the land and resources. There has been no national government to take control.

5. Cultural Conflicts In S s In Somalia, the main clans fighting against each l other are known as the Darod, Hawiya, and Islamic Insurgents known as Al Shabab.

6. Outside Forces Ethiopia and the United States has been against the Islamist Militias that have took control of Somalia. The US decided to launch air strikes in 2007 which created hundreds of thousands refugees. Eritrea has been on the side of the Islamists.

7. Timeline 1. Dictatorship collapsed in 1991 which formed many separate clans 2. US sent troops to Somalia in 1992 after 300,000 people had died from warfare amongst the clans 3. Battle of Mogadishu on October 3rd, 1994, when the US attempted to take out a Warlord named General Aidid. 4. Islamist Militias took control of a good portion of Somalia from 2004 to 2006. US launched air strikes one year later. 5. The Islamists left and then returned to take more land

8. Ethnic Conflict and the 5 Themes Ethnic Conflict in Somalia has a lot to do with the theme of place. “Place is the human and physical characteristics of a location.” (Rosenberg 2012) The many clans of Somalia are fighting for the land with the most resources and that is the physical characteristics of the land. Another theme that relates to Somalia is Region. All of the clans have different ideas of what land they control and this causes many fights.

9. Solutions to the Ethnic Problems 1. World and Somali leaders can gather and determine specific lands for the separate clans so they don’t need to fight over it. This would work because a lot of the fighting is about land and this solves that problem. 2. Rid Somalia of the Islamist Militias and then create a democracy where the clans elect a leader and they all can talk about the problems in a reasonable manner.

10. Video Link https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GcB-4OU9XPI

11. 5 Questions 1. Is there another example of this conflict somewhere else? 2. Should the U.S. be involved with Somalia's problems? 3. Is having a government essential when trying to run a country? 4. How do resources control the people in developing countries? 5. How did America’s involvement in Somalia affect its state?

12. Works Cited http://somalilandtimes.net/Archive/45/4510.htm http://geography.about.com/od/teachgeography/a/5themes.htm http://www.c-r.org/accord-article/endless-war-brief-history-somali-conflict http://www.cnbc.com/2014/08/17/us-says-conducts-air-strikes-in-iraq-near-irbil-and-mosul-dam.html http://www.csmonitor.com/World/Africa/2012/0315/Ethiopian-Army-attacks-Eritrean-military-post-in-retaliation-for-rebel-violence http://www.mccullagh.org/image/10d-13/united-nations-internet-summit-1.html http://understandingthehorn.berkeley.edu/1992-somalia-ethnic-groups-magellan-map https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GcB-4OU9XPI