1. Image shutterstock.com Housing and Human Needs CHAPTER 1 Housing and Interior Design By Carolyn S. Turner 10 th Edition

2. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Objectives Assess how housing helps meet needs. Analyze factors that affect housing choices: values, space, costs, roles, lifestyle Summarize how housing needs change over the life span. Examine ways housing affects quality of life. Summarize human ecology and the move toward green and sustainable design. Objectives

3. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Housing Affects People Housing, good or poor, affects the way occupants feel and behave Housing is any dwelling that provides shelter, including –furnishings, neighborhood, and community A house is any building that serves as living quarters for one or more families A home is any place a person lives

4. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. People and Their Housing Housing is the near environment, part of the total environment, and is a –small, distinct part of the total environment in which people live ©Goodheart-Willcox Publisher

5. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Meeting Needs Through Housing Psychologist Abraham Maslow suggested that humans are motivated to satisfy five basic needs Maslow arranged these needs in the order they must be filled, starting with those most basic ©Goodheart-Willcox Publisher Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

6. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Physical Needs Physical needs are the most basic human needs Physical needs have priority over others because they are essential for survival, including –shelter –food and water –rest continued

7. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Physical Needs Housing provides shelter from weather An archeologist studies how culture provides shelter, including –materials used (such as adobe) –different forms of housing (such as a yurt) Housing provides for water and food preparation Housing provides places for rest and relaxation

8. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Image shutterstock.com Discuss Housing meets physical needs of humans What physical needs do these photos show that are met through housing? ©Naaman Abreu/Shutterstock.com ©Kutlayey Dmitry/Shutterstock.com

9. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Psychological Needs After meeting physical needs, people strive to meet psychological needs through housing, including –security –love and acceptance –esteem –self-actualization continued

10. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Security provides protection from the outside world, including –physical danger and the unknown Love and acceptance is displayed through housing in several ways, including –providing a private place to be –receiving tasks as part of a group continued Psychological Needs

11. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Psychological Needs Housing tells others something about you and helps you gain esteem by –approval from others for a clean, neat home Living in a pleasant home can help you gain self-esteem For self-actualization people, housing is a place for a person to progress toward becoming capable

12. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Image shutterstock.com Discuss Psychological needs can be pursued after physical needs are met How do these photos demonstrate psychological needs being met through housing? ©wavebreakmedia/Shutterstock.com ©Monkey Business Images/Shutterstock.com

13. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Other Needs Met Through Housing Housing reflects your idea of beauty and pleasing environment –Beauty gives pleasure to the senses Your personality and taste, or self- expression, is shown through housing Ability to use imaginative skills, or creativity, to make something new is met through housing –Examples are painting and flower arranging

14. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Factors Affecting Housing Choices Factors affecting housing choices include –values –space –costs –roles –lifestyle

15. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Values Values are strong beliefs and ideas about what is important, such as –family, friendship, money, status, religion, and independence Needs and values are closely related, for example –people have the need to sleep in a bed –values influence what type of bed people choose (size, comfort level)

16. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Image shutterstock.com Discuss Values impact housing choices What values related to housing do these photos suggest? ©OtnaYdur/Shutterstock.com ©Gelpi/Shutterstock.com

17. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Space Space requirements affect housing and impact peoples’ needs, including –privacy to avoid feeling crowded and having a place for personal possessions –family interactions that require designated areas for group activity Examples include an eat-in kitchen or great room for family activities

18. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Costs The costs of a housing structure affects what people can afford Factors that affect type and size of housing people can afford include –operating costs (furnishings and equipment) –maintenance costs (repairs and utility costs)

19. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Roles Roles are patterns of behavior that people display in their homes, for example –an adult female might be a wife, mother, and teacher –children can be sons/daughters, students, athletes, or artists Roles affect how housing is selected and used, for example –a student needs a quite place to study

20. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Lifestyle Lifestyle is a pattern or way of life and can require space for such household activities as –hobbies (need space and storage) –entertaining (need group spaces) –work at home (need quiet/organized area) –retirement (may need maintenance-free home) Lifestyle impacts housing choices

21. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Image shutterstock.com Discuss Housing choices can enhance a way of life What lifestyles do these images suggest? What factors should be considered for such lifestyles? ©Sklep Spozywczy/Shutterstock.com ©forestpath/Shutterstock.com

22. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Housing Needs Through the Life Span Life situations and circumstances cause change and impact the way people live, and set the stage for interactions with –other people –people and their housing

23. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Households A household includes all people who occupy a dwelling, including individuals and families Five basic family structures include –nuclear –single-parent family –stepfamily –childless family –extended family

24. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Life Cycles A life cycle is a series of stages through which an individual or family passes during its lifetime Two types of life cycles include –individual life cycle –family life cycle

25. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Individual Life Cycle The individual life cycle has four substages ©Goodheart-Willcox Publisher

26. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Family Life Cycle The family life cycle has six major stages ©Goodheart-Willcox Publisher

27. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Image shutterstock.com What housing needs do individuals have? What housing needs might a family need during the –beginning stage –childbearing stage –parenting stage –launching stage –midyears stage –aging stage Discuss

28. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Housing and Quality of Life Personal quality of life is enhanced when –the housing environment helps meet needs and values –surroundings are satisfying Cooperation of groups and individuals is necessary to improve –housing for all groups –the quality of life for society

29. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Human Ecology Human ecology is the study of people and their environment and focuses on improving problems such as –indoor and outdoor air quality –noise pollution –traffic congestion –waste of natural resources Solving environmental problems will improve housing and societal quality of life

30. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Green and Sustainable Design A major societal trend is the movement toward –green design and sustainable design Sustainable design strives to have NO negative impact on the environment Green design strives to have low impact on the environment through use of –products and approaches to obtain sustainable design

31. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Green and Sustainable Design A tornado devastated Greensburg, Kansas on May 4, 2007. 95% of the existing structures in the town were destroyed. http://www.usatoday.com/story/news/greenhouse/2013/04/13/greensbur g-kansas/2078901/

32. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Image shutterstock.com What do these photos suggest about green and sustainable design? Discuss ©manfredxy/Shutterstock.com ©Heymo/Shutterstock.com ©Luxe/Shutterstock.com ©gillmar/Shutterstock.com

33. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Image shutterstock.com People interact with their housing Housing helps people satisfy physical and psychological needs According to Maslow, these needs include –physical and security –love and acceptance –esteem and self-actualization Beauty, self-expression, and creativity are other needs people meet through housing Recap continued

34. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Image shutterstock.com Factors that affect housing choices include –values, family relationships, space needs, costs, roles, and lifestyle Needs and values are closely related The needs and values of people and their housing vary as they move through various life cycles Lifestyle can impact housing space needs and costs Recap continued

35. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Image shutterstock.com Meeting needs and values of individuals and families through housing can impact quality of life The study of human ecology can help improve housing and societal quality of life Making sustainable and green design choices in housing also helps improve –quality of life for individuals and society Recap