1. Energy

2. 1. Energy The ability to do work or cause change is called energy.

3. 1. Energy When an object does work on another object, energy is transferred to that object Power is the rate at which the work is done.

4. 2. Types of Energy There are two basic kinds of energy: – Kinetic Energy – Potential Energy

5. 3. Kinetic The energy of motion is called kinetic energy (kineos = moving) Ex: running, blowing, rolling, sliding

6. 4. Potential Stored energy, based on the position or mass of an object is called potential energy. Potential Energy Depends on – Position – Mass of object Ex: sitting on a shelf / sitting on the floor small car sitting on a hill large car sitting on a hill

7. 5. Types of Potential Energy Gravitational Potential Energy is energy related to an objects height. Ex: a skier on a 100 ft. slope has more potential energy than a skier on a 70 ft. slope

8. 5. Types of Potential Energy Elastic Potential Energy is energy gained from being stretched Ex: sling shot, bow and arrow

9. Forms of Energy

10. 1. Mechanical Energy associated with the position and motion of an object (working energy) Mechanical energy = PE + KE Ex: a football being thrown by Drew Brees vs. being thrown by a 4 year old boy (size of ball, strength of player)

11. 2. Thermal Particles in motion generate heat – which is measured by thermal energy Ex: fast moving particles – high heat slow moving particles – less heat fire, lava, warm air, sunlight

12. 3. Electric Energy from electric charges – or the movement of electrons Ex: electricity in your home lightning batteries

13. 4. Chemical Energy that comes from breaking and forming chemical bonds Ex: fizzing caused by baking soda and vinegar glow sticks producing light food

14. 5. Nuclear Potential energy that is stored in an atom and released in a nuclear reaction Ex: electricity from nuclear power plant nuclear fission

15. 6. Electromagnetic Energy that travels in waves Ex: microwaves sunlight xrays radio waves sound

16. Energy Transformations and Conversions

17. 1. Energy Transformations Most forms of energy can be transformed into other forms. This is called an energy transformation. Two types of energy transformations are: – Single transformations – Multiple transformations

18. 2. Single Transformations In a single transformation, one form of energy is transferred into another. Examples: – Toasters transform electrical to thermal – Cell phones transform electrical to electromagnetic – Your body transforms chemical to mechanical

19. 3. Multiple Transformations Multiple transformations occur when a series of energy transformations occur. Example – Striking a Match: – Mechanical to strike it – Thermal energy releases stored chemical energy – Electromagnetic energy in the form of light

20. 4. Conservation of Energy The law of conservation of energy states that energy can not be created or destroyed.

21. Heat Transfer

22. 1. Conduction The transfer of heat by TOUCH Examples include: – Warm hands by holding hot coffee – Warm seat by sitting on it – Spoon gets hot by sitting in hot soup

23. 2. Radiation Getting heat by standing near something that is hot Heat spread out, so it is cooler the farther away you are Examples: – Heat from hot pavement – Heat from hot grill – Steam off of hot coffee – Standing near a fire

24. 3. Convection Heat that circulates is called convection Examples: – a vent blows the heat around a room – Convection oven – heat rises as in boiling water

26. 4. Insulator An insulator prevents heat from coming in or going out Examples: – Thermal jacket – Thermal cups / mugs – Home insulation

27. 5. Conductor Used to transfer heat Examples: – Metal is a good conductor of heat

28. What do I study for my test? Notes Types of Energy Notes Energy Transformations Notes on Heat (conduction, radiation, convection) and Insulators and Conductors Feel the Heat Worksheet Kinetic or Potential energy Worksheet What is Heat Worksheet Vocabulary

29. What do I study for my test? Notes Types of Energy Notes Energy Transformations Notes on Heat (conduction, radiation, convection) and Insulators and Conductors Feel the Heat Worksheet Kinetic or Potential energy Worksheet What is Heat Worksheet Vocabulary