1. Chapter 11 Earth Science Volcanoes

2. Words to Know – Section 1 Volcanoes and Earth’s Moving Plates Volcano Volcano Vent Vent Crater Crater Hot spot Hot spot

3. Opening in Earth’s surface that erupts sulfurous gases, ash, and lava; can form at Earth’s plate boundaries, where plates move apart or together, and at hot spots. volcano volcano

4. Opening where magma is forced up and flows out onto Earth’s surface as lava, forming a volcano. vent vent

5. Steep-walled depression around a volcano’s vent. crater crater

6. The result of an unusaully hot area at the boundary between Earth’s mantle and core that forms volcanoes when melted rock is forced upward and breaks through the crust. Hot spot Hot spot

7. Words to Know – Section 2 Types of Volcanoes Shield volcano Shield volcano Tephra Tephra Cinder cone volcano Cinder cone volcano Composite volcano Composite volcano

8. Broad, gently sloping volcano formed by quiet eruptions of basaltic lava. Shield volcano Shield volcano

9. Bits of rock or solidified lava dropped from the air during an explosive volcanic eruption; ranges in size from volcanic ash to volcanic bombs and blocks. tephra tephra

10. Steep-sided, loosely packed volcano formed when tephra falls to the ground. Cinder cone volcano Cinder cone volcano

11. Volcano built by alternating explosive and quiet eruptions that produce layers of tephra and lava; found mostly where Earth’s plates come together and one plate sinks below the other. Composite volcano Composite volcano

12. Words to Know – Section 3 Igneous Rock Features Batholith Batholith Dike Dike Sill Sill Volcanic neck Volcanic neck caldera caldera

13. Largest intrusive igneous rock body that forms when magma being forced upward toward Earht’s crust cools slowly and solidifies underground. batholith batholith

14. Igneous rock feature formed when magma is squeezed into a vertical crack that cuts across rock layers and hardens underground. dike dike

15. Igneous rock feature formed when magma is squeezed into a horizontal crack between layers of rock and hardens underground. sill sill

16. Solid igneous core of a volcano left behind after the softer cone has been eroded. Volcanic neck Volcanic neck

17. Large, circular-shaped opening formed when the top of a volcano collapses. caldera caldera