1. Napoleon

2. Napoleon Born in 1769 Born in 1769 Sent to military school Sent to military school Finished school at age 16 Finished school at age 16 Became a lieutenant in the artillery Became a lieutenant in the artillery Joined the new government during French Revolution Joined the new government during French Revolution

3. Hero Napoleon- 1795 Napoleon- 1795 Defeated thousands of Royalists who marched Defeated thousands of Royalists who marched Became the hero of the hour Became the hero of the hour Hailed as savior of French Republic Hailed as savior of French Republic

4. 1796 Napoleon appointed to lead French army against Austria and Kingdom of Sardinia Napoleon appointed to lead French army against Austria and Kingdom of Sardinia Hailed a great hero for heroic victory Hailed a great hero for heroic victory Lost expedition in Egypt Lost expedition in Egypt Kept quiet, remained great hero Kept quiet, remained great hero

5. coup d‘etat 1799 Directory lost control of the political situation Directory lost control of the political situation Napoleon and his troops seized political power Napoleon and his troops seized political power Napoleon assumed power of a dictator Napoleon assumed power of a dictator

6. Ruler of France People voted on a constitution which gave all the real power of France to Napoleon People voted on a constitution which gave all the real power of France to Napoleon Plebiscite- vote of the people

7. Restoring Order Set up efficient method of tax collection and established a national banking system Set up efficient method of tax collection and established a national banking system Fired corrupt government officials Fired corrupt government officials Set up government run public schools which provided trained officials Set up government run public schools which provided trained officials Offered to males of all backgrounds Offered to males of all backgrounds Appointed to public office on basis of merit rather than family connections Appointed to public office on basis of merit rather than family connections Lycees- government run public schools

8. Restoring Order New relationship with Church New relationship with Church Government recognized the influence of the Church, but rejected Church control in national affairs Government recognized the influence of the Church, but rejected Church control in national affairs Gave Napoleon the support of organized Church as well as the majority of the French people Gave Napoleon the support of organized Church as well as the majority of the French people Concordat- agreement

9. Napoleonic Code Uniform set of laws for country Uniform set of laws for country Eliminated many injustices Eliminated many injustices Eliminated liberty and promoted order and authority of individual rights Eliminated liberty and promoted order and authority of individual rights Freedom of speech and press restricted Freedom of speech and press restricted Restored slavery in the French colonies of the Caribbean Restored slavery in the French colonies of the Caribbean

10. Emperor 1804 1804 Crowned Emperor Crowned Emperor

11. American Territories France loses its American Territories France loses its American Territories Saint Domingue (Haiti) rebels and gains independence- 1801 Saint Domingue (Haiti) rebels and gains independence- 1801 Napoleon sells Louisiana Territory to U.S. for $15 million in 1803 Napoleon sells Louisiana Territory to U.S. for $15 million in 1803 “The sale assures forever the power of United States, and I have given England a rival who, sooner or later, will humble her pride.”

12. European Conquest Already annexed the Austrian Netherlands and parts of Italy Already annexed the Austrian Netherlands and parts of Italy Set up a puppet government in Switzerland Set up a puppet government in Switzerland Napoleon looked to expand his influence even further into Europe Napoleon looked to expand his influence even further into Europe

13. Fearful of Napoleon Britain, Russia, Austria, and Sweden joined forces against France Britain, Russia, Austria, and Sweden joined forces against France Napoleon’s forces crushed the opposition Napoleon’s forces crushed the opposition Forced them to sign peace treaties Forced them to sign peace treaties Built largest European empire since the Romans Built largest European empire since the Romans Only power left undefeated was British navy Only power left undefeated was British navy

14. Battle of Trafalgar 1805- British navy defeated France 1805- British navy defeated France Destruction of French fleet had 2 results: Destruction of French fleet had 2 results: It ensured the supremacy of the British navy for the next 100 years It ensured the supremacy of the British navy for the next 100 years Forced Napoleon to give up his plans of invading Britain Forced Napoleon to give up his plans of invading Britain Napoleon’s obsession with defeating Britain would lead to his own downfall

15. Napoleon’s Empire 1812- only areas of Europe free from Napoleon’s control were Britain, Portugal, Sweden, and the Ottoman Empire 1812- only areas of Europe free from Napoleon’s control were Britain, Portugal, Sweden, and the Ottoman Empire Napoleon manipulated or controlled many other nations Napoleon manipulated or controlled many other nations (see map on page 232 in textbook)

16. French Empire Was huge but unstable Was huge but unstable Napoleon was able to maintain it at its greatest extent for only 5 years 1807-1812 Napoleon was able to maintain it at its greatest extent for only 5 years 1807-1812 It then quickly fell apart It then quickly fell apart Sudden collapse was caused by Napoleon’s actions Sudden collapse was caused by Napoleon’s actions