1. Affluent Society and Civil Rights 1945-61

2. Introduction Affluent Society – Statistics – Vets – Family Life Civil Rights Phase I: 1954- 63 – Background – Brown – Bus Boycott Other Americans Conclusion

3. Themes Prosperity of U.S. society after WWII Beginnings of modern civil rights movement

4. Affluent Society and Civil Rights 1945-61 Introduction Affluent Society – Statistics – Vets – Family Life Civil Rights Phase I: 1954- 63 – Background – Brown – Bus Boycott Other Americans Conclusion

5. Affluent Society 1945-1961 American Families in 1960 – 60% owned homes – 75% owned a car – 87% owned a TV

7. Affluent Society and Civil Rights 1945-61 Introduction Affluent Society – Statistics – Vets – Family Life Civil Rights Phase I: 1954- 63 – Background – Brown – Bus Boycott Other Americans Conclusion

8. G.I. Bill 1944 Full tuition and spending money for school Loans guaranteed up to $2,000 Money for 52/20 Club – Unemployment of $20 a week for a year Produced a social revolution – Growth of middle class – Primary Beneficiaries were white males

9. Affluent Society and Civil Rights 1945-61 Introduction Affluent Society – Statistics – Vets – Family Life Civil Rights Phase I: 1954- 63 – Background – Brown – Bus Boycott Other Americans Conclusion

10. Many new homeowners built in the suburbs – 20 million Americans moved to the suburbs during the 1950s

11. American Family and Baby Boom Americans tended to marry at a younger age Fertility rate increased – 1940: 80 births per 1,000 women – 1957: 123 births per 1,000 women Baby Boom Generation: born between 1946- 1964 – 76 Million Americans

12. American Family and Baby Boom Impact of Baby Boomers – Late 1940s: Baby supplies – 1950s: School Construction – 1960s: College Enrollments – 1970s: House Construction – 1980-90s: Stock Market – 2000s: Social Security and Health Care

13. Affluent Society and Civil Rights 1945-61 Introduction Affluent Society – Statistics – Vets – Family Life Civil Rights Phase I: 1954- 63 – Background – Brown – Bus Boycott Other Americans Conclusion

14. Civil Rights: Background WWII raised expectations of many African Americans Returning veterans expected more racial equality after fight a war against fascism Truman established the first President’s Committee on Civil Rights Armed Forces desegregated in 1948 NAACP attacked segregation through court system

15. Affluent Society and Civil Rights 1945-61 Introduction Affluent Society – Statistics – Vets – Family Life Civil Rights Phase I: 1954- 63 – Background – Brown – Bus Boycott Other Americans Conclusion

16. Brown Decision Linda Brown couldn’t attend a school near her home because of segregation Thurgood Marshal: NAACP attorney who represented the Browns Earl Warren: Supreme Court Chief Justice who presided over the case

17. Brown Decision 1954 The decision – The doctrine of separate but equal had no place in education – Segregation in schools was prohibited

18. Brown Decision 1954 The decision – The doctrine of separate but equal had no place in education – Segregation in schools was prohibited Impact – The Courts would protect the civil liberties of all Americans, even if Congress or states would not – Spark that started the modern Civil Rights movement

19. Following Brown Supreme Court ordered schools be desegregated with all deliberate speed Flash Point – Desegregation of high school in Little Rock, Arkansas – Guards had to escort Af. Am. Students to and from campus

20. Affluent Society and Civil Rights 1945-61 Introduction Affluent Society – Statistics – Vets – Family Life Civil Rights Phase I: 1954- 63 – Background – Brown – Bus Boycott Other Americans Conclusion

21. Bus Boycott Montgomery, AL, 1955-56 Rosa Parks sparked the boycott Af. Am. Community mobilized and demanded equality

22. Bus Boycott Montgomery, AL, 1955-56 Martin Luther King, Jr. Goal: Integration of Af. Am. into U.S. society Tactic: Non-violent protest The boycott continued for about a year In 1956, the buses became intergrated

23. Civil Rights: Phase I In the mid-1950s the modern civil rights movement began Actions of individuals began to erode the Jim Crow/Segregation laws in the U.S.

24. Affluent Society and Civil Rights 1945-61 Introduction Affluent Society – Statistics – Vets – Family Life Civil Rights Phase I: 1954- 63 – Background – Brown – Bus Boycott Other Americans Conclusion

25. Other Americans The Other Americans: Poverty in the United States – Author: Michael Harrington – Published in 1962 U.S. in 1960s – 22% at or below poverty level – 35 million Americans

26. Other Americans U.S. in 1960s – 22% at or below poverty level – 35 million Americans – Many lived in inner-cities – Disproportionetly racial and ethnic minorities, single parent families, senor citizens

27. Affluent Society and Civil Rights 1945-61 Introduction Affluent Society – Statistics – Vets – Family Life Civil Rights Phase I: 1954- 63 – Background – Brown – Bus Boycott Other Americans Conclusion

28. The U.S. was charachterized by its affluence; but not all Am. were included Beginnings of modern Civil Rights movement

29. Websites of Interest Linda Brown Family 1950s Popular Culture

30. Source http://college.cengage.c om/history/lecturepoint s/index.html http://college.cengage.c om/history/lecturepoint s/index.html