1. AUTOMOBILE ENGINEERING

2. SYLLABUS SECTION- 1 1 Introduction to automobile Engineering
Drive Train
Front Axle, Steering systems, Rear Axle, Wheel and Tyres

3. SYLLABUS SECTION- II 4 Suspension System, Brakes
5 Electrical system, Modern Trends
6 Vehicle Performance

4. DEFINITION
Automobile engineering is a branch of engineering which deals with everything about automobiles and practices to propel them.
Automobile is a vehicle driven by an internal combustion engine and it is used for transportation of passengers and goods on the ground. Automobile can also be defined as a vehicle which can move by itself.
Examples : Car, jeep, bus, truck, scooter, etc.

5. History of Automobile

6. History of Automobile
The first car was built by Joseph Cugnot in It was powered by a steam engine and was very slow.
Jean Joseph Étienne Lenoir was the first to build the one cylinder engine, internal-combustion engine, was later patent.
Nikolas August Otto built the first four cylinder engine.
In 1886 Gottlieb Daimler designed the first four wheeled automobile. They also created the first v-slanted engine.
Karl Benz, know as one of the founders of Mercedes-Benz, is the first to build an automobile powered by an internal combustion engine.

7. Benz Patent-Motorwagen

8. History of Automobile
The first hybrid commercial truck was built in 1910, and as the gasoline engine was refined interest in hybrids died down.
As problems with environment and gas process continue, Hybrids are now a hot commodity in the market place and are now the new wave of future cars

9. History of Automobile
Gottlieb Daimler and Wilhelm Maybach with Benz’s manufacturing firm in 1926 to create Daimler-Benz. The joint company makes cars today under the Mercedes-Benz nameplate, and Daimler Chrysler
Henry Ford, a famous car company founder, designed the world’s biggest car manufacturer, manufacturing over 15 million Model by 1927
Hybrid cars have also been around since the 1900’s.
In the 1900’s Ford made more steam and electric cars than it did gasoline.

10. Landmark of Indian automobile industry
First Person to own a car in India - Mr. Foster of
M/s Crompton Greaves Company, Mumbai
First Indian to own a car in India - Jamsetji Tata
First Woman to drive a car in India - Mrs.
Suzanne RD Tata
1905 Fiat Motors
1911 First Taxiin India
1928 Chevrolet Motors
1942 Hindustan Motors

11. Landmark of Indian automobile industry
1944 Premier Automobiles Limited
1945 Tata Motors
1947 Mahindra & Mahindra Limited
1948 Ashok Motors
1948 Standard Motors
1974 Sipani Motors
1981 Maruti Suzuki

12. The automobile industry in India
9 th largest automobile industry.
2 nd largest two-wheeler market.
11 th largest Passenger Cars producers.
4 th largest in Heavy Trucks.
2 nd largest tractor manufacturer.
annual production of over 2.3million units.
The monthly sales of passenger Cars in India exceed 100,000units

13. COMPONENTS OF AUTOMOBILE

14. COMPONENTS OF AUTOMOBILE
1 The basic structure
2 Power Plant
3 Transmission System
4 Accessories
5 Controls
6 Super Structure

16. Front engine front wheel drive
Advantages:-
No propeller shaft
Low chassis height
Engine pulls the car
Better road adhesion
Produce understeer conditions
Disadvantages:- 1. Complicated arrangement 2. Two velocity joints needed 3. Decrease of tractive effort 4. Steering is heavier

17. ANATOMY OF AN AUTOMOBILE
(FRONT WHEEL DRIVE)
STEERING
TYRE
TYRE
BRAKE
BRAKE
WHEEL TRACK
TRANSAXLE
CLUTCH
DRIVE SHAFTS
ENGINE
SUSPENSION
BRAKE
BRAKE
TYRE
TYRE
WHEEL BASE

18. Rear Engine Rear wheel Drive
Rear-wheel-drive layout places both the engine and drive wheels at the rear of the vehicle.

19. ANATOMY OF AN AUTOMOBILE
(REAR WHEEL DRIVE - 2WD)
STEERING
TYRE
TYRE
BRAKE
BRAKE
WHEEL TRACK
ENGINE
GEAR BOX
DIFFERENTIAL
PROPELLOR
SHAFT - REAR
CLUTCH
SUSPENSION
BRAKE
BRAKE
TYRE
TYRE
WHEEL BASE

20. FOUR WHEEL DRIVE Advantages
When the front wheels falls in to a ditch, they can be driven out being power driven.
More power
Disadvantages
Higher initial cost
Running cost is more, because of additional fuel consumption

21. FOUR WHEEL DRIVE

22. ANATOMY OF AN AUTOMOBILE
(FOUR WHEEL DRIVE)
STEERING
TYRE
TYRE
PROPELLOR
SHAFT - FRONT
BRAKE
BRAKE
TRANSFER
CASE - 4WD
DIFFERENTIAL
4WD
WHEEL TRACK
ENGINE
GEAR BOX
DIFFERENTIAL
PROPELLOR
SHAFT - REAR
CLUTCH
SUSPENSION
BRAKE
BRAKE
TYRE
TYRE
WHEEL BASE

23. Classification of automobiles
Use
Capacity
Make and model
Fuel used
Body style
Wheels
Drive
transmission

24. BODY
In case of conventional frame, there must be separate structure i. e. the body attached to the frame , while in case of frameless construction the body performs the function of both.
The body and frame should jointly meet the following
requirements
1 Strength – Body must be strong enough to withstand all forces.
2 Stiffness – Body must posses sufficient stiffness to prevent sagging in the middle.

25. 3 Air drag – The shape of the body should be such that the air drag is minimum.
4 Space – The should be adequate space in the body
5 Resistance to corrosion
6 Protection against weather

27. Frame – Conventional construction
Frame is the basic unit to which various components are
attached and body is bolted to the frame.
Functions
To support the chassis components and the body
To withstand static and dynamic load without deflection
Loads on the frame
Weight of the vehicle and passenger
Vertical loads when the vehicle comes across a bump
Loads due to road camber, side wind while taking a turn

28. Sudden impacts loads during a collision
Load due to engine torque and braking torque
Material for frame
Mild sheet steel, carbon sheet steel, sheet nickel alloy
steel

30. FRAMELESS CONSTRUCTION
Body structure is so designed so as to combine the
functions of body and frame, the units normally
attached to the frame then being attached directly to
the body
Advantages of frameless construction –
Reduced weight and saving in fuel consumption
Lower manufacturing cost
Lower body position may be obtained, thus resulting in increased stability of the automobile.

31. Disadvantages of frameless construction –
Reduction of strength
Economical only if adopted in mass production
Increased cost of repairs in case of damaged to the body during accidents.
Topless cars are difficult to design with frameless construction