1. Jupiter Monica Carrillo Savannah Delgado Lila Zamarripa

2. General Facts Jupiter is the 5 th planet from the sun. Jupiter is the 5 th planet from the sun. Revolution-12 year Revolution-12 year Rotation- 10 hours Rotation- 10 hours Rotates faster than any other planet Rotates faster than any other planet Size- 318 Earth’s ; 1/800 the sun Size- 318 Earth’s ; 1/800 the sun 483 miles from the sun 483 miles from the sun Diameter 88,700 miles Diameter 88,700 miles Known to have 16 satellites Known to have 16 satellites

3. Jupiter’s Formation Jupiter was formed along with rest of the planets soon after the protosun came into life. At a point called the "Ice or frost line" (around where the asteroid belt is today) hydrogen became cold enough to condense into solid ice grains where the growth of small planets could begin. It is for this reason that the gas giants are further from the Sun than the inner, terrestrial planets.

4. Jupiter’s Layers

5. The Great Red Spot Jupiter is most famous for having the giant red spot. It is the size of 2 Earths placed side by side. It moves counter-clockwise because its caught between two jet stream like bands of atmosphere flowing in opposite direction. It’s the only hurricane-like storm that survived on Jupiter for more than a few days. Jupiter is most famous for having the giant red spot. It is the size of 2 Earths placed side by side. It moves counter-clockwise because its caught between two jet stream like bands of atmosphere flowing in opposite direction. It’s the only hurricane-like storm that survived on Jupiter for more than a few days.

7. How Jupiter was Discovered Galileo discovered Jupiter and three of its moons on January 7, 1610. Six nights later, January 13th, he discovered the fourth moon. He named them, J1, J2, J3, and J4. Galileo discovered Jupiter and three of its moons on January 7, 1610. Six nights later, January 13th, he discovered the fourth moon. He named them, J1, J2, J3, and J4.

8. Moons In 1610 Galileo Galilei discovered 4 of Jupiter’s largest moons, Callisto, Europa, Ganymede, Io using his newly invented telescope. These moons are known as the Galilean moons in honor of their discoverer. In 1610 Galileo Galilei discovered 4 of Jupiter’s largest moons, Callisto, Europa, Ganymede, Io using his newly invented telescope. These moons are known as the Galilean moons in honor of their discoverer. Callisto, the outermost of the Galilean satellites, is densely cratered, much like the Earth’s moon. Callisto, the outermost of the Galilean satellites, is densely cratered, much like the Earth’s moon. Europa, smallest of the Galilean moons, has an icy surface that is criss-crossed by many linear features. Europa, smallest of the Galilean moons, has an icy surface that is criss-crossed by many linear features. Ganymede, the largest Jovian satellite, contains cratered areas, smooth regions, and areas covered by numerous parallel grooves Ganymede, the largest Jovian satellite, contains cratered areas, smooth regions, and areas covered by numerous parallel grooves The innermost moon, Io, is one of the only three volcanically active bodies in the solar system. The innermost moon, Io, is one of the only three volcanically active bodies in the solar system.

9. “Jupiter” According to the ancient Roman religion and myth, Jupiter or Jove was the king of the gods, and the god of sky and thunder. He is the equivalent of Zeus in the Greek pantheon.

10. Atmosphere Major components- hydrogen and helium Major components- hydrogen and helium Minor components- methane, ammonia, water, and sulfur Minor components- methane, ammonia, water, and sulfur The wind systems make the light and colored bands that make up Jupiter’s appearance. The wind systems make the light and colored bands that make up Jupiter’s appearance. Jupiter itself gives off nearly twice as much heat then it receives from the sun. Jupiter itself gives off nearly twice as much heat then it receives from the sun.

11. Atmosphere Pressure The atmosphere pressure at the top of the clouds is equal to sea level pressure on Earth. The atmosphere pressure at the top of the clouds is equal to sea level pressure on Earth. Because of Jupiter's gravity the pressure increases quickly towards its surface. Because of Jupiter's gravity the pressure increases quickly towards its surface. At 1,000 kilometers below the clouds the pressure is high enough to compress hydrogen gas into a liquid. That’s why Jupiter's surface is thought ot be a big ocean of liquid hydrogen. At 1,000 kilometers below the clouds the pressure is high enough to compress hydrogen gas into a liquid. That’s why Jupiter's surface is thought ot be a big ocean of liquid hydrogen.

12. Rings of Jupiter Jupiter has a small planetary ring system composed of three main segments: an inner cluster of particles known as the halo, a bright main ring, and an outer gossamer ring. Jupiter has a small planetary ring system composed of three main segments: an inner cluster of particles known as the halo, a bright main ring, and an outer gossamer ring.planetary ringplanetary ring These rings appear to be made of dust, rather than ice as with Saturn's rings. These rings appear to be made of dust, rather than ice as with Saturn's rings. The main ring is probably made of material ejected from the satellites Adrastea and Metis. Material that would normally fall back to the moon is pulled into Jupiter because of its strong gravitational influence. The main ring is probably made of material ejected from the satellites Adrastea and Metis. Material that would normally fall back to the moon is pulled into Jupiter because of its strong gravitational influence.AdrasteaMetisAdrasteaMetis

14. Gravity Jupiter's mass is about 1.9 x 1027 kg. Although this is 318 times the mass of the Earth, the gravity on Jupiter is only 254% of the gravity on Earth. This is because Jupiter is such a large planet (and the gravitational force a planet exerts upon an object at the planet's surface is proportional to its mass and to the inverse of its radius squared). A 100-pound person would weigh 254 pounds on Jupiter. Jupiter's mass is about 1.9 x 1027 kg. Although this is 318 times the mass of the Earth, the gravity on Jupiter is only 254% of the gravity on Earth. This is because Jupiter is such a large planet (and the gravitational force a planet exerts upon an object at the planet's surface is proportional to its mass and to the inverse of its radius squared). A 100-pound person would weigh 254 pounds on Jupiter.

15. Viewing Jupiter Jupiter is one of the two most enjoyable and rewarding planets to view through a telescope. For most people, the first glimpse of Saturn is their most memorable, but for longevity of rewards, there is no equal to Jupiter. There is so much activity to see in Jupiter's atmosphere. Through a small telescope on a clear night you can see stripes on the celestial sphere. With more power, bands of color appear. Jupiter is one of the two most enjoyable and rewarding planets to view through a telescope. For most people, the first glimpse of Saturn is their most memorable, but for longevity of rewards, there is no equal to Jupiter. There is so much activity to see in Jupiter's atmosphere. Through a small telescope on a clear night you can see stripes on the celestial sphere. With more power, bands of color appear.

16. Temperature Range The cloud-tops average 120 K = -153°C = -244°F. The cloud-tops average 120 K = -153°C = -244°F.

17. Spacecraft Visits Jupiter was first visited by NASA's Pioneer 10, which flew by Jupiter in 1973. Later fly-by visits included: Pioneer 11, Voyager 1, Voyager 2, Ulysses, and Galileo. Jupiter was first visited by NASA's Pioneer 10, which flew by Jupiter in 1973. Later fly-by visits included: Pioneer 11, Voyager 1, Voyager 2, Ulysses, and Galileo.

18. Comet Hits Jupiter Shoemaker-Levy 9 (SL-9) was a short- period comet that was discovered by Eugene and Carolyn Shoemaker and David H. Levy. As the comet passed close by Jupiter and Jupiter's gravitational forces broke the comet apart. Fragments of the comet collided with Jupiter for six days during July, 1994, causing huge fireballs in Jupiter's atmosphere that were visible from Earth. Shoemaker-Levy 9 (SL-9) was a short- period comet that was discovered by Eugene and Carolyn Shoemaker and David H. Levy. As the comet passed close by Jupiter and Jupiter's gravitational forces broke the comet apart. Fragments of the comet collided with Jupiter for six days during July, 1994, causing huge fireballs in Jupiter's atmosphere that were visible from Earth.

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