1. Voices in the Story Narrator: tells the story to the reader. Narration: when the narrator speaks. Character: people in the story. Dialogue: when characters speak.

2. Read the following… When are you going to let us out of the classroom the loud student asked. The sleepy student said Ms. Whitaker said we can leave when pigs fly. Quiet down students said Ms. Whitaker. The students were still very noisy students I thought you said you wanted to leave said Mr. Morton.

3. Don’t Write This Down “When are you going to let us leave the classroom?” the loud student asked. The sleepy student said, “Ms. Whitaker said we can leave when pigs fly.” “Quiet down, students,” said Ms. Whitaker. The students were still very noisy. “Students, I thought you said you wanted leave,” said Ms. Whitaker. How are these passages different?

4. “Quotation Marks” Character’s voices go in quotes. It was hot. “Turn on the fan,” she said. N C N He said, “Point it toward us.” She didn’t. N C N Quotes show when characters speak.

6. What is characterization? Characterization is the process by which the writer reveals the personality of a character. Characterization is revealed through direct characterization and indirect characterization.

7. Direct Characterizations Narrator explicitly describes a character. Ex: Kat was popular but snobby. Tim was a nice, honest boy. Explicit: Clearly stated; use of adjectives.

8. Direct Characterizations Direct Characterization tells the audience what the personality of the character is. Example: “The patient boy and quiet girl were both well mannered and did not disobey their mother.” Explanation: The author is directly telling the audience the personality of these two children. The boy is “patient” and the girl is “quiet.”

9. Indirect Characterization Character traits revealed through actions Ex: Jess left the pizza crust on her floor. Tim helped old Ms. Jones with her bags. Indirect characterizations are implicit. Implicit: not clearly stated, implied.

10. Indirect Characterization Indirect Characterization shows things that reveal the personality of a character. There are five different methods of indirect characterization…

11. STEAL Speech: What does the character say? How does the character speak? Thoughts: What is revealed through the character’s private thoughts and feelings? Effect on others toward the character: What is revealed through the character’s effect on other people? How do other characters feel or behave in reaction to the character? Actions: What does the character do? How does the character behave? Looks: What does the character look like? How does the character dress?

12. How do we know a character? Which is direct/ indirect? Physical appearance Inner thoughts Interaction with other characters Dialogue Adjectives used by author

13. Review The narrator tells the story. Dialogue: when characters speak. Direct characterization: the narrator explicitly describes the character. Indirect characterization: character’s traits are revealed through their actions.