2. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=llhR GUYMcfU&list=PLCCB9BB19B92A8 D1A Great Depression songs for Simulation

3. During The Roaring 20’s The new concept of “credit” People were buying: –Automobiles –Appliances –Clothes Fun times reigned –Dancing –Flappers –Drinking

4. Why was this bad? Credit system –People didn’t really have the money they were spending- went into debt!!! WWI –The U.S. was a major credit loaner to other nations in need –Many of these nations could not pay us back…country was in debt

5. The Stock Market People bought stocks on margins -borrowed money to purchase stocks with. –If a stock is $100 you can pay $10 now and the rest later when the stock rose and they made money Stocks fall –Now the person has actually lost $10 and has no money gained to pay off the remaining $90

6. And then…. With people panicking about their money investors tried to sell their stocks. –Stocks were worthless now. People who bought on “margins” now could not pay. Investors were average people that were now broke STOCK MARKET CRASHED!!!!!! (1929)

7. Europe’s Gain is Our Loss As Europe recovered, they depended less on our factories and products BUT…. We kept producing at the same rate! America’s supply (what we produced) was greater than our demand (what people needed or wanted to buy). Ex: Everyone already had a car….no longer a need to purchase one. When this happens goods lose value

8. Businesses could not afford to pay workers or stay open. People worried the banks, which were businesses too, would close. The public had “bank runs” where they would demand to withdraw all of their money at once…..this forced bank shut downs!!! Many were out of jobs.

9. NC ECONOMY Countries overseas stopped buying NC tobacco. Also, in the US cigarettes were a “luxury.” People avoided luxuries during the Depression. This was hard on the NC Economy and put many out of jobs during the depression. More than 300 NC banks closed during The Depression.

10. Herbert Hoover was president at the start Philosophy: We’ll make it! What He Did: Nothing The poor were looking for help and no ideas on how to correct or help were coming

11. Farmers were already feeling the effects –Prices of crops went down –Many farms foreclosed People could not afford luxuries –Factories shut down –Businesses went out Banks could not pay out money People could not pay their taxes –Schools shut down due to lack of funds Many families became homeless and had to live in shanty towns (Hoovervilles)

13. Many waited in unemployment lines hoping for a job.

14. People in cities would wait in bread lines to bring a little food to their families.

15. Some families were forced to relocate because they had no money.

16. “Hooverville” Some families were forced to live in shanty towns –A grouping of shacks and tents in vacant lots. They were referred to as “Hoovervilles” because of President Hoover’s lack of help during The Depression.

19. -Over-farming in WW2 and drought led to topsoil turning to dust. -High wind would whip this dust into horrific storms called “black blizzards.” -The area this occurred in was known as the “Dust Bowl.” “The Dust Bowl”

21. The West Was Buried Crops turned to dust=No food to be sent out Animals suffocated in dust storms Homes buried Children and adults developed lung diseases Fields blown away West in state of emergency Dust Bowl the #1 weather crisis of the 20th century Some dust storms even reached as far East as New York City. John Steinbeck wrote “The Grapes of Wrath,” a book about life during the Depression Era and Dust Bowl.

25. Two Families During the Depression

26. A Farm Foreclosure

27. Some families tried to make money by selling useful crafts like baskets.

28. *FDR* When he was inaugurated unemployment had increased by 7 million since the last inauguration. Poor sections (like Harlem) had 50% of the pop. unemployed Instated the “New Deal”

29. NEW DEAL CHANGES Radio announcement to the Public (fatherly, friendly, personal speaker). Declared a four-day bank holiday, during which time Congress drafted the Emergency Banking Bill of 1933, which stabilized the banking system and restored the public’s faith in the banking industry by putting the federal government behind it.

30. The Civil Conservation Corps was one of the New Deal’s most successful programs. Sent 3 million single men from age 17 to 23 to the nations’ forests to work. Living in camps in the forests, the men dug ditches, built reservoirs and planted trees. The Works Progress Administration Roosevelt’s major work relief program, employed more than 8.5 million people to build bridges, roads, public buildings, parks and airports.

31. Major Historical Happenings... Jim Crow Laws Scottsboro Trials Recovering from the Great Depression Racial Injustice Poor South

32. Jim Crow Laws After the American Civil War most states in the South passed anti-African American legislation. These became known as Jim Crow laws.American Civil War These laws included segregation in… –Schools-- Hospitals –Theaters-- Water fountains –Restaurants –Hotels –Public transportation –States forbid inter-racial marriages

33. These laws were instituted in 1896 and were not abolished till the late 1950’s (even then still not completely).

34. 9 young African- American men (13-20) were accused of raping 2 white girls in 1931. Trials went on for nearly 15 years before all the men were dismissed.

35. Started on a train bound for Memphis. Several white men boarded and picked a fight with the black men. Whites were forced off train by the 9 black men. The white men reported that the black men had raped two white girls on the train to authorities. They were immediately arrested and tried in front of an all-white jury in Alabama.

36. Taken to the Supreme Court…twice Retried many times Supreme Court finally rules that African Americans should never be tried by a jury not including their “peers.” Charges were finally dropped for four of the nine defendants. Sentences for the rest ranged from 75 years to death. All but two served prison sentences. One was shot in prison by a guard and permanently disabled. Two escaped, were later charged with other crimes, convicted, and sent back to prison. The oldest defendant and the only one sentenced to death, "jumped parole" in 1946 and went into hiding. He was pardoned later in life.

37. The trials caused a huge uproar amongst the black community.

39. Wrote To Kill a Mockingbird in 1960 Based the story on her life growing up in Monroeville, Alabama At one point in the novel, one of the key white characters defends an African American on charges of rape to an all white jury. Inspired by the Scottsboro Boys.

40. Famous Criminals of the Time: Bonnie and Clyde