1. Professional Standards

2. Proprietary Standards A standard that is manufactured & used by one company. E.g IOS This improves the overall quality of the product & minimises bugs in the software since it’s made by the company not a third party This can also increase company revenue because customers have to buy products straight from the manufacturer, which is usually more expensive than buying 3 rd party products.

3. The Charger (Connection to Phone) ProsCons Increase revenue by forcing customer to buy straight from company instead of shopping around May turn some people away because buying from the company rather than 3 rd party is usually more expensive Reduces risk of cheap imitations on the market taking money away from the company & insures high product standard May lose customers because the charger only works with one type of phone

4. The PC connection ProsCons Customers have to buy a PC from the same company to connect their phone to the computer This may put people off buying a phone that they cannot connect to their current computer