1. Physical Geography of Africa South of the Sahara: The land

2. o Essential Questions: How has physical geography affected where people have settled in Africa South of the Sahara? o Learning Target: IWBAT explain how the climate has influenced where people live in Africa South of the Sahara o Formative Assessment(s):

3. Africa South of the Sahara: The land Bellwork What kind of geographical features would you expect to find in Africa South of the Sahara? (AKA, mountains, lakes, deserts?)

4. Great Rift Valley Fun Facts – The Great Rift Valley is a name given to the continuous trench, about 3,700 miles in length, that runs from northern Syria in Southwest Asia to central Mozambique in East Africa. – The rift is bordered by a series of mountains and active volcanoes. It is a site of faults and earthquakes. The valley is separating due to plate tectonics. – Basically, the western part of Africa is rifting away from the eastern part body. This causes all the geological activity at the Valley. Far in the future, a sea will run between these two parts of Africa.

5. Classwork – TOGETHER, read about Landforms on pages 511-512 – Write and answer the following questions in your notes: 1.What causes a rift valley? 2.What two geographic features are found in the Great Rift Valley? *Don’t say valley! 3.What two lakes are found in the Great Rift Valley? 4.What are escarpments and what are they found on the edge of? 5.Name 3 mountains found in Africa.

6. Classwork – TOGETHER, read about Water Systems on pages 512-513 – Write and answer the following questions in your notes: 1.What geographical features prevent a person from navigating from the mouth of a river to the source in this region? 2.What is Lake Victoria the second of? 3.Why is Lake Chad disappearing? 4.What three ways is Lake Volta beneficial to Ghana? 5.What are deltas and what two rivers have them? 6.What is an estuary and which river has one?

7. Victoria Falls Fun Facts – The spray from the falls make the River Zambezi Rain Forest the only place that receives rainfall 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. – What is a Moonbow? – It is the rainbow formed by the reflection of moonlight on the water. At night, you will see the light from the moon forming a beautiful rainbow on the waters of the Victoria Waterfalls. – Victoria Waterfalls are the largest in the world. They measure 5577 feet wide and varies in height from 262- 304 feet. – It is estimated that roughly 600 million cubic liters of water hit the ground every minute on the Victoria Waterfalls.

8. Classwork – As you read Natural Resources (page 514), make a web diagram of all the natural resources found in Africa South of the Sahara. Natural Resources (Hero point to the person who finds the most! Use map on page 558 too!

9. Classwork Natural Resources Oil, coal, petroleum, natural gas Copper, iron ore, manganese, zinc, tin, bauxite, nickel Gold, uranium, diamonds, gems Water for irrigation and hydroelectric power Solar power, timber

10. Formative Assessment What are four specific geographic features that can be found in the Great Rift Valley?