1. 9.3 Notes Respiration

2. Cellular Respiration outline I. What is respiration? II. Where does it occur? III. Equation: IV. Oxygen or no oxygen V. Steps of Respiration 1. Glycolysis 2. If oxygen: citric acid cycle electron transport chain total ATP 2. If no oxygen: lactic acid fermentation alcoholic fermentation VI. Photo vs. Resp

3. How do PLANTS obtain energy? How do PLANTS obtain energy? PHOTOSYNTHESIS: PHOTOSYNTHESIS: MAKE FOOD - SUGAR MAKE FOOD - SUGAR How do Animals/Other Organisms obtain energy? How do Animals/Other Organisms obtain energy? Eating plants & animals Eating plants & animals How do Animals convert FOOD to ENERGY? How do Animals convert FOOD to ENERGY? Cellular Respiration Cellular Respiration

4. Cellular respiration— Process when Cellular respiration— Process when Mitochondria breaks down food molecules Mitochondria breaks down food molecules Make energy (ATP) Make energy (ATP)

5. Let’s try to write the equation for respiration: HINT: it’s the opposite of photosynthesis!

6. Respiration equation C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2 6CO 2 + 6H 2 O + energy C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2 6CO 2 + 6H 2 O + energy

7. Oxygen or NO oxygen?!?! Aerobic: reaction that requires Oxygen Aerobic: reaction that requires Oxygen Anaerobic: reaction that does NOT require Oxygen Anaerobic: reaction that does NOT require Oxygen

8. 3 stages of cellular respiration: 1. Glycolysis Location : cytoplasm Location : cytoplasm Breaks down glucose (sugar) = Breaks down glucose (sugar) = Smaller Molecules (2 pyruvic acid) Smaller Molecules (2 pyruvic acid) Produces 2 molecules of ATP (energy) Produces 2 molecules of ATP (energy) (it really makes 4ATP but uses up 2) (it really makes 4ATP but uses up 2) Glycolysis Digestion

9. After Glycolysis W/ Oxygen (aerobic) 2. Citric Acid Cycle (Kreb’s Cycle) Location: mitochondria Location: mitochondria Every glucose molecule forms 1 ATP Every glucose molecule forms 1 ATP Byproduct: CO 2 Byproduct: CO 2 Citric acid cycle

10. After Citric Acid Cycle w/ Oxygen (aerobic) 3. Electron transport chain Location: mitochondria Location: mitochondria Electrons passed through mitochondria membrane Electrons passed through mitochondria membrane Produces water and 32 ATP molecules Produces water and 32 ATP molecules Occurs because of O 2 Occurs because of O 2 Electron Transport Chain Mitochondria membrane

11. ATP Production Glycolysis = 2 ATP Glycolysis = 2 ATP Citric Acid Cycle (Krebs) = 2 ATP Citric Acid Cycle (Krebs) = 2 ATP Electron Transport Chain = 32 ATP Electron Transport Chain = 32 ATP TOTAL = 36 ATP TOTAL = 36 ATP

12. 2 Stages of Cellular Respiration— (anaerobic) 1. Glycolysis Location: cytoplasm Location: cytoplasm Breaks down glucose (sugar) = Breaks down glucose (sugar) = smaller molecules (2 pyruvic acid) smaller molecules (2 pyruvic acid) Produces 2 molecules of ATP (energy) Produces 2 molecules of ATP (energy) Glycolysis Digestion

13. After Glycolysis if No Oxygen (anaerobic) is Present: 2. Fermentation Anaerobic Respiration Anaerobic Respiration When ? No Oxygen present When ? No Oxygen present 2 types 2 types

14. Lactic acid fermentation Lactic acid fermentation Supplies energy when not enough oxygen Supplies energy when not enough oxygen Produces: 2 molecules ATP Produces: 2 molecules ATP Lactic acid: byproduct in muscle cells Lactic acid: byproduct in muscle cells builds up builds up Burning sensation Burning sensation Occurs during strenuous exercise Occurs during strenuous exercise

15. Alcoholic fermentation Alcoholic fermentation Used in yeast cells & some bacteria Used in yeast cells & some bacteria Byproducts: carbon dioxide & alcohol Byproducts: carbon dioxide & alcohol Makes 2 ATP Makes 2 ATP Used : making bread and beer Used : making bread and beer

16. Comparison of PS and CR Photosynthesis Cellular Respiration Makes food Breaks down food Requires Energy Makes energy Occurs in the Chloroplast (only in plant cells) Occurs in the mitochondria (in all living cells)

17. Eat FoodDigestionGlycolysis Citric acid cycle Electron transport chain Oxygen is present No oxygen is present Fermentation (anaerobic respiration) Lactic acid fermentation Alcoholic fermentation In animals In yeast Aerobic respiration Cellular Respiration

18. ___________________________ _________ ____________ __________ __________ __________ _____________________ ____________________ ________ _______ _________ Cellular Respiration

19. Photosynthesis vs. Respiration Makes foodbreaks down food Requires energymakes energy Occurs in occurs in chloroplastmitochondria (only plant cells)(all living cells)