1. SC235 Unit Six Alan Crandall ACrandall@kaplan.edu

2. Agenda – For your consideration Some people have talked about the "end of AIDS" in the past few years. Why? Is this really the end? Why do you think some nations are unable to obtain drugs that they need to prevent/treat HIV disease? What have some nations done to help decrease the rates of HIV infection? What advice would you give to a young person who has just discovered that he/she is HIV-positive? How would your advice be different if that person lived in Uganda? What are some local resources in your area for people with concerns about HIV or AIDS? Image credits: Microsoft Clip Art

3. HIV – The Virus HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) is a virus that attacks the immune system, the body’s natural defense system. Without a strong immune system, the body has trouble fighting off disease. Both the virus and the infection it causes are called HIV. Image credits: Microsoft Clip Art

5. STATISTICS As of the end of 2003, AIDS has killed over 22 million people worldwide and it is estimated that over 40 million people are infected with HIV. In 2009, 2.6 million people became newly infected with HIV.

6. STATISTICS cont… Over 16 million children have been orphaned due to Aids In addition to the millions of children orphaned by AIDS, millions more are being adversely affected by the disease -the stigma associated with an infected parent -mental and emotional challenges -financial hardships -sick and/or incapacitated parents The global cost of treating and containing HIV/AIDS exceeded $15 billion annually in 2007. (Peak infections) Image credits: Microsoft Clip Art

7. Some people have talked about the "end of AIDS" in the past few years. Why? Is this really the end? Image credits: Microsoft Clip Art

8. More Statistics The number of annual AIDS-related deaths worldwide is steadily decreasing from the peak of 2.1 million in 2004 to 1.8 million in 2009. Remember the 2.6 million newly infected people with HIV in 2009? That is down from 3.1 million in 1997. Why? Due to the increased availability of antiretroviral therapy. Globally, deaths among children younger than 15 yrs old are also declining. 260,000 children died from AIDS- related illnesses in 2009. This is 19% fewer than the 320,000 who died in 2004.

9. Why do you think some nations are unable to obtain drugs that they need to prevent/treat HIV disease? Image credits: Microsoft Clip Art

10. Colored scanning electron micrograph of a T4 cell (green) infected with HIV (red).© NIBSC/Science Photo Library

11. What have some nations done to help decrease the rates of HIV infection?

12. What advice would you give to a young person who has just discovered that he or she is HIV- positive? How would your advice be different if that person lived in Uganda?

13. 2006 Statistics

14. How can you prevent HIV? HIV can be spread by people who don't know they are infected. To protect yourself and others: -Practice safe sex. Use a condom every time you have sex (including oral sex) until you are sure you and your partner are not infected with HIV. -Don't have more than one sex partner at a time. The safest sex is with one partner who has sex only with you.

15. How can you prevent HIV? -Talk to your partner before you have sex the first time. Find out if he or she is at risk for HIV. Get tested together and retested 6 months later. Use condoms in the meantime. -Don't drink a lot of alcohol or use illegal drugs before sex. You might let down your guard and not practice safe sex. -Don't share personal items, such as toothbrushes or razors. -Never share needles or syringes with anyone.

16. What are some local resources in your area for people with concerns about HIV or AIDS? Image credits: Microsoft Clip Art

18. Unit Six Discussion Board on Antibiotic Resistance (already started!) No Project! Image credits: Microsoft Clip Art