1. Assignment 2 Ibrahim Sahabi Isah 138253 Muhammad Galadima 128142 Abubakar Sabo 13876

2. Outline Introduction 3 justifications: POLITICAL: Conflict, Corruption. SOCIAL: Poverty, HIV and AIDS Epidemic. ECONOMIC: Low per capita income, High level of imports. Conclusion

3. Introduction South Sudan is located in the north-eastern part of Africa. It gained its independence from Sudan in 2011. Its current capital is Juba which is the largest city. GDP Per capita in 2014 was $1,111 Has significant oil wealth, discovered in 1978. Also the most oil dependent country in the world. 60% of its GDP (world bank).

4. Conflict Human rights watch estimated 1.5 million people were forced to flee their homes due to the on-going conflict. UN estimated 50,000 casualities since its start. Had a significant financial impact with 2014 GDP coming in 15% less than projected. Military expenditure has increased further.

5. Corruption. The nation’s elites have developed kleptocratic system that controls every part of the south Sudanese economy. A report by the u4 anti corruption resource center, identifies the main types of corruption in south Sudan as bureaucratic corruption, patronage, political corruption and embezzlement and it states that these forms of corruption takes place largely in the following sectors; extractives, public financial management and police/security forces. Public-choice theory assumes that politicians, bureaucrats, citizens, and states act solely from a self-interested perspective, using their power and the authority of government for their own selfish ends.

6. POVERTY The primary drivers of poverty in South Sudan include conflicts, displacement, depletion of assets and limited access to social services. The incidence of poverty has also worsened, from 44.7% in 2011 to more than 57.2% in 2015, with a corresponding increase in the depth of poverty. The neo-Marxist, neocolonial view of underdevelopment attributes a large part of the developing world’s continuing poverty to the existence and policies of the industrial capitalist countries. Weakness of IDR model: It does not offer any policy prescription for how poor countries can initiate and sustain economic development.

7. HIV AND AIDS EPIDEMIC Number of people living with HIV & AIDS 190,000 [130,000 - 270,000] Adults aged 15 to 49 prevalence rate2.7% [1.9% - 3.8%] Adults aged 15 and up living with HIV170,000 [120,000 - 240,000] Women aged 15 and up living with HIV100,000 [70,000 - 140,000] Children aged 0 to 14 living with HIV19,000 [13,000 - 26,000] Deaths due to AIDS13,000 [8,500 - 19,000] Orphans due to AIDS aged 0 to 1791,000 [38,000 - 290,000] UNAIDS HIV and AIDS estimates (2014)

8. LOW PER CAPITA INCOME Low per capita income is another reason why South Sudan is a less developed country. The country’s growth domestic product (GDP) per capita in 2015/2016 was 1,111 USD outside the oil sector, livelihoods are concentrated in low productive, unpaid agriculture, accounting for around 15% of GDP. In fact, 85% of the working population is engaged in non- wage work. Pre-conditions for take-off assumes that savings and investment grow although they are still a small percentage of national income (GDP).

9. HIGH LEVEL OF IMPORTS South Sudan Trade LastPreviousHighestLowestUnit Balance of Trade -4987.00-5577.007287.00-5577.00SSP Million[+] Exports2660.001333.0017040.201333.00million SSP[+] Imports7647.006910.0010961.006910.00million SSP[+] Linear stages of growth Rostow’s stage of growth under traditional society assumes that The size of the capital stock is limited and of low quality resulting in very low labor productivity and little surplus output left to sell in domestic and overseas markets.

10. CONCLUSION A developed country is identified as a peaceful setting with an inconsiderable rate of corruption, low rate of poverty, relatively self-sufficient, high GDP and income per capita, and free from any disease epidemic. Based on our findings, we can conclude that South Sudan is a less developed country.