1. Science 7 Topic 7b

2. You First Need to Learn About The Four Types of Vegetative Propagation
First we have to define “vegetative propagation”.
People need to look up in a dictionary the words: vegetative (#4,5,6), asexual (#1a+b), and propagate (#1). Then go to the next slide, please.

3. The Four Types of Vegetative Propagation
Plants use many different ways to reproduce. When plants do not use seeds to reproduce it is called…
VEGETATIVE PROPAGATION

4. The Four Types of Vegetative Propagation
The first type is “cuttings”. Cuttings is where the stem and the leaf are kept in a moist environment (like a glass of water) until little rootlets grow and then transplanted into moist soil.
This can happen naturally…
how do you think in nature
this could happen? Think
and then go to the next
slide, please.

5. Here is a hint…

6. Well, if you didn’t get the hint…
A leaf could fall into a puddle of water that then dries up. The roots could then grow in the mud.

7. The second type of vegetative reproduction is grafting where the stem of one plant is attached to the root system of another plant. What would be the purpose of grafting plants? Think, then go to the next slide.

8. There are many reasons. Here is a hint for one of them…
Do you know? Hopefully you got it. Next slide, please

9. Here are just a few reasons…
Grafted trees grow faster and bear fruit sooner than trees raised from seed, because the stem and roots already have a good start.
Grafting can allow plants that only do well in a warm climate to survive in a cold climate. The stem of a warm temperature apple tree can be grafted onto the root of a cold temperature apple tree, for instance.
The time of bearing of a fruit tree, both in years and season, can also be changed by grafting.
Another advantage of grafting is that twigs of trees that are easily hurt by disease or insects can be grafted on trees that are hardier and/or more resistant.

10. The third type of vegetative reproduction would be through corms
The third type of vegetative reproduction would be through corms. Corms (a.k.a. “tubers”), such as the eyes of a potato, that can be cut up and then planted to grow into whole, new potato plants.

11. The fourth type of vegetative reproduction would be through leaf and/or leaf parts. The plant grows little copies of itself on stems. These copies are complete with root systems so if they fall off a new plant can grow. The “spider plant” is an example.

12. The “hen and chick” plant is a good example of leaf/leaf part vegetative propagation, too.
Hmmm…how might God have used vegetative propagation in the past? Think, then go to the next slide, please.

13. To replant the earth quickly after…..???

15. The Test Will Also Require That You Label The Parts To A Typical Flower

16. Draw down and label (as best as you can) this typical flower into your science notebooks
Omit the receptacle and ovule
Add egg cells

17. On The Next Test You Will Also Need to Know How Reproduction Takes Place In A Gymnosperm. Remember That A Gymnosperm Has No Fruit Covering On Its Seeds.
MALE CONE
FEMALE CONE

18. You will be writing the following paragraph down for the test so…please get it down in your science notebooks. Highlighted words are key words.
Gymnosperms contain the male cone with the pollen grains that have the sperm cells in them. They also contain the female cones that have the egg cells. The wind blows pollen onto the female cone and pollination occurs. A pollen tube grows down into the female cone and the sperm cell fertilizes the egg cell. The fertilized egg cell develops into a seed.

19. On The Next Test You Will Also Need to Know How Reproduction Takes Place In An Angiosperm. Remember That An Angiosperm Has A Fruit Covering On Its Seeds.

20. You will be writing the following paragraph down for the test so…please get it down in your science notebooks. Highlighted words are key words.
Angiosperm reproduction occurs in the flower which has the sweet smelling nectar and/or colored petals that attract bugs to the stamen that has anthers that contain the pollen grains holding the sperm cells. The bugs get pollen on themselves and carry it to the sticky stigma of another flower. Pollination is carried out. A pollen tube grows through the style to the ovary that contains the egg cells. The egg cells are fertilized and they mature into seeds.

21. Wow! That’s a lot. But if you start right now memorizing the two paragraphs it won’t be so hard once the test comes around.

22. The four tropisms
1. Phototropism – plant bends toward light

23. The four tropisms 1. Phototropism – plant bends toward light
2. Geotropism – root grows toward gravity and stem grows away from gravity

24. The four tropisms 3.
Hydrotropism – root grows toward water

25. The four tropisms 3. Hydrotropism – root grows toward water
4. Thigmotropism – plant wraps around and climbs up object

26. That’s all