1. State of art solutions for mining and industrial water management TYPEN JA LIUKOISTEN METALLIEN POISTAMINEN JÄTEVESISTÄ Ympäristömittauspäivät Vuokatti 11-12.4.2016 Tero Luukkonen, FT, tutkimuspäällikkö AQUAMINERALS FINLAND OY, ID 2275317-7

2. Production plant in Paltamo - Finland

3. AQUAMINERALS FINLAND OY Aquaminerals’ focus application I. Purification of diluted effluent water of mines, including pre- treatment of RO influent water II. Waste water purification of surface treatment and coating plants III. Waste water treatment of flue gas scrubbers

4. Mineral-based adsorbents which are supplied in the form of mixed powders Efficiency of the products based on the simultaneous effects of adsorption and pH neutralization Toxic elements are bind with covalent bonds to mineral particles Saturated adsorbent has minimal leaching when stored at pH 5-11 Cu Pb Zn Mn Cr Cd As P AQM PalPower X Ni Metal Ion Adsorbents Co U Al Ni 2+ Co 2+ Pb 2+ Cr 3+ CrO 4 2- Cr 2 O 7 2- Zn 2+ Al 3+ Cu 2+ Cd 2+ Mn 2+ PO 4 3- HPO 4 2- UO 2 2+ UO 2 OH + etc. H 2 PO 4 - H 2 AsO 3 - H 3 AsO 3 HAsO 4 2- H 2 AsO 4 - UO 2 (CO 3 ) 2 2-

5. o Surface area 11.9 m 2 /g o Point of zero charge: pH 10.6 o i.e. positive charge when pH < 10.6 o Density 1.0 g/ml o Particle size distribution 1-65 µm o Consists of modified natural minerals o Non-hazardous o Will not release metals at pH 5-11 o Non-hazardous waste o Water recovery > 96 % Adsorbent “AQM PalPower M10”

6. Adsorption of multi-metal solutions Example: adsorption of Ni, As, and U with AQM PalPower M10, tested by Wrocław University of Technology – EU SUSMIN – project 2016 Fast reaction time. High reduction rate. Active on large pH range.

7. Arsenic adsorption results (I) Arsenic adsorption of AQM PalPower M10

8. Arsenic adsorption results (II) Faculty of Environmental Engineering, Wrocław University of Technology, Dec 2015, F7M = AQM PalPower M10 As(III) (arsenite) is more toxic, mobile, and difficult to remove than As(V) (arsenate).

9. Aquaminerals has launched in 2016 a new product that can effectively remove soluble nitrogen (NH 4 + ). The product has high adsorption capacity and fast reaction. o Geopolymer technology o Possible to regenerate o High efficient o Fast reaction o Temperature-independent o Delivered both in powder & granule Nitrogen adsorption by AQM PalPower NH 4 + Main properties: Specific surface area: 22.4 m 2 /g Average pore width: 30.97 nm Negative surface charge when pH > 5 Density 2.5 g/mL (granulated)

10. PalPower NH 4 + - tests with municipal wastewater Powder (63 - 125 µm), 24 h contact time, effect of dose: Effect of contact time, dose 5 g/L: Initial NH 4 + = 30 mg/L

11. Aquaminerals - technology : portable water treatment system (20’ container, delivery in 2-3 months, installation in 1-2 weeks) Claryfying in a pond Water quality measurement, if needed 10-300 m3/h Efficient Cost-effective Mobile Fast installation Efficient Cost-effective Mobile Fast installation 10-300 m3/h Agitation & claryfying in a tank OR

12. o Effective and adjustable dosing system o Durable, includes only industrial quality devices (expected lifetime > 10 years) o Easy to operate o Electricity need 380V or 230 V, < 10 kW o Service and maintenance can be done by local trained staff o Can dose all kinds of tailor made Aquaminerals’ adsorbents o Dosing and consequent costs depend on water matrix and its characteristics (like total metal concentration, reduction target by each toxic element, alkalinity and buffering capacity) o Low investment and running costs Advanced technology

13. www.aquaminerals.fi Contact CEO Mr. Martti Palviainen, martti.palviainen@aquaminerals.fi, mob. +358 40 726 6352 Sales & Marketing Mr. Tuomo Pikkarainen, tuomo.pikkarainen@aquaminerals.fi, mob. +358 40 551 9994 Production & Technology Mr. Hannu Pietilä, hannu.pietila@aquaminerals.fi, mob. +358 40 524 0620 R&D Manager Dr. Tero Luukkonen, tero.luukkonen@aquaminerals.fi, mob. +358 44 535 3695 Sales (Sweden, Norway) Mr. Veli-Matti Nopanen, veli-matti.nopanen@aquaminerals.fi, mob. +358 40 557 8404